The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 18; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. SNX18, like SNX9, contains an N-terminal Src Homology 3 (SH3) domain, a PX domain, and a C-terminal Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature. The PX-BAR structural unit helps determine specific membrane localization. SNX18 is localized to peripheral endosomal structures, and acts in a trafficking pathway that is clathrin-independent but relies on AP-1 and PACS1.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 276 FQCTIDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPTHTQVPVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKG 355
Cdd:cd07286    1 FQCTIDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPSHTGLQVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHIPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKG 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 224177511 356 LIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLTCPsSTDEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMV 403
Cdd:cd07286   81 LIWWMDHMCSHPVLARCDAFQHFLTCP-STDEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMV 127

Src Homology 3 domain of Sorting nexin 18; SNX18 is localized to peripheral endosomal structures, and acts in a trafficking pathway that is clathrin-independent but relies on AP-1 and PACS1. It binds FIP5 and is required for apical lumen formation. It may also play a role in axonal elongation. SNXs are Phox homology (PX) domain containing proteins that are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. SNX18 also contains BAR and SH3 domains. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQV 58
Cdd:cd11897    1 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVEV 55

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 18; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. SNX18, like SNX9, contains an N-terminal Src Homology 3 (SH3) domain, a PX domain, and a C-terminal Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature. The PX-BAR structural unit helps determine specific membrane localization. SNX18 is localized to peripheral endosomal structures, and acts in a trafficking pathway that is clathrin-independent but relies on AP-1 and PACS1.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 276 FQCTIDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPTHTQVPVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKG 355
Cdd:cd07286    1 FQCTIDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPSHTGLQVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHIPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKG 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 224177511 356 LIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLTCPsSTDEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMV 403
Cdd:cd07286   81 LIWWMDHMCSHPVLARCDAFQHFLTCP-STDEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMV 127

WASP-binding domain of Sorting nexin protein; The C-terminal region of the Sorting nexin group of proteins appears to carry a BAR-like (Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs) domain. This domain is very diverse and the similarities with other BAR domains are few. In the Sorting nexins it is associated with family PX, pfam00787.13, and in combination with PX appears to be necessary to bind WASP along with p85 to form a multimeric signalling complex.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511  386 DEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMVGANFFLTLsTPPAAALDLQEVESKIDGFKCFTKKMDDSALQLNHTANEFARKQVTGFKKEYQ 465
Cdd:pfam10456   1 DEKEWKTGKRKAEKDELVGAMFFLTI-EIPEPPLDLQEVEQKVEGFKRFTKKMDDSVKQLLTVGNEFWKKCTGPFKKEYQ 79

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 224177511  466 KVGQSFRGLSQAFELDQQAFSVGLNQAIAFTGDAYDAIGELFAEQPRQDLDPVMDLLALYQGHLANFPDIIHVQKG 541
Cdd:pfam10456  80 KIGSAFQLLSQVFEMDGYVGSSALNEAIAHTGKTYEEIGEVFAEQPKKDLHPLLETLSEYKGLLGNFPDIIHVHKG 155

PX domain; PX domains bind to phosphoinositides.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 224177511  309 VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLTCP 382
Cdd:pfam00787  11 VRRRYSDFVELHKKLLRKFPSVIIPPLPPKRWLGRYNEEFIEKRRKGLEQYLQRLLQHPELRNSEVLLEFLESD 84

Src homology 3 domains; Src homology 3 (SH3) domains bind to target proteins through sequences containing proline and hydrophobic amino acids. Pro-containing polypeptides may bind to SH3 domains in 2 different binding orientations.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 224177511     4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDiEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQ 57
Cdd:smart00326   4 QVRALYDYTAQDPDELSFKKGDIITVLEKSD-DGWWKGRLGRGKEGLFPSNYVE 56

SH3 domain; SH3 (Src homology 3) domains are often indicative of a protein involved in signal transduction related to cytoskeletal organization. First described in the Src cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase. The structure is a partly opened beta barrel.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 224177511    6 RALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDiEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPA 53
Cdd:pfam00018   1 VALYDYTAQEPDELSFKKGDIIIVLEKSE-DGWWKGRNKGGKEGLIPS 47

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 18; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. SNX18, like SNX9, contains an N-terminal Src Homology 3 (SH3) domain, a PX domain, and a C-terminal Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature. The PX-BAR structural unit helps determine specific membrane localization. SNX18 is localized to peripheral endosomal structures, and acts in a trafficking pathway that is clathrin-independent but relies on AP-1 and PACS1.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 276 FQCTIDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPTHTQVPVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKG 355
Cdd:cd07286    1 FQCTIDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPSHTGLQVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHIPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKG 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 224177511 356 LIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLTCPsSTDEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMV 403
Cdd:cd07286   81 LIWWMDHMCSHPVLARCDAFQHFLTCP-STDEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMV 127

WASP-binding domain of Sorting nexin protein; The C-terminal region of the Sorting nexin group of proteins appears to carry a BAR-like (Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs) domain. This domain is very diverse and the similarities with other BAR domains are few. In the Sorting nexins it is associated with family PX, pfam00787.13, and in combination with PX appears to be necessary to bind WASP along with p85 to form a multimeric signalling complex.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511  386 DEKAWKQGKRKAEKDEMVGANFFLTLsTPPAAALDLQEVESKIDGFKCFTKKMDDSALQLNHTANEFARKQVTGFKKEYQ 465
Cdd:pfam10456   1 DEKEWKTGKRKAEKDELVGAMFFLTI-EIPEPPLDLQEVEQKVEGFKRFTKKMDDSVKQLLTVGNEFWKKCTGPFKKEYQ 79

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 224177511  466 KVGQSFRGLSQAFELDQQAFSVGLNQAIAFTGDAYDAIGELFAEQPRQDLDPVMDLLALYQGHLANFPDIIHVQKG 541
Cdd:pfam10456  80 KIGSAFQLLSQVFEMDGYVGSSALNEAIAHTGKTYEEIGEVFAEQPKKDLHPLLETLSEYKGLLGNFPDIIHVHKG 155

The Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain of Sorting Nexin 9 and Similar Proteins; BAR domains are dimerization, lipid binding and curvature sensing modules found in many different proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) are Phox homology (PX) domain containing proteins that are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. SNXs differ from each other in their lipid-binding specificity, subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. A subset of SNXs also contain BAR domains. The PX-BAR structural unit determines the specific membrane targeting of SNXs. This subfamily consists of SNX9, SNX18, SNX33, and similar proteins. SNX9 is localized to plasma membrane endocytic sites and acts primarily in clathrin-mediated endocytosis, while SNX18 is localized to peripheral endosomal structures, and acts in a trafficking pathway that is clathrin-independent but relies on AP-1 and PACS1. BAR domains form dimers that bind to membranes, induce membrane bending and curvature, and may also be involved in protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 423 EVESKIDGFKCFTKKMDDSALQLNHTANEFARKQVTGFKKEYQKVGQSFRGLSQAFELDQQAFSVGLNQAIAFTGDAYDA 502
Cdd:cd07626    1 DVEQQVDAFKKFVKSMDDSVKNLINIAQEQAKKHQGPYKKEYQKIGQAFTSLGTAFELDETPTSVPLTQAIKHTGQAYEE 80

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 224177511 503 IGELFAEQPRQDLDPVMDLLALYQGHLANFPDIIHVQKG 541
Cdd:cd07626   81 IGELFAEQPKHDLIPLLDGLHEYKGLLSTFPDIIGVHKG 119

The Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain of Sorting Nexin 33; BAR domains are dimerization, lipid binding and curvature sensing modules found in many different proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) are Phox homology (PX) domain containing proteins that are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. SNXs differ from each other in their lipid-binding specificity, subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. A subset of SNXs also contain BAR domains. The PX-BAR structural unit determines the specific membrane targeting of SNXs. SNX33 interacts with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) and plays a role in the maintenance of cell shape and cell cycle progression. It modulates the shedding and endocytosis of cellular prion protein (PrP(c)) and amyloid precursor protein (APP). BAR domains form dimers that bind to membranes, induce membrane bending and curvature, and may also be involved in protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 415 PAAALDLQEVESKIDGFKCFTKKMDDSALQLNHTANEFARKQVTGFKKEYQKVGQSFRGLSQAFELDQQAFSVGLNQAIA 494
Cdd:cd07669    1 PTEHQDLQDVEERVDVFKAFSKKMDDSVLQLSNVASELVRKHLGGFRKEFQKLGNAFQAISHSFQLDPPYSSEALNNAIS 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 224177511 495 FTGDAYDAIGELFAEQPRQDLDPVMDLLALYQGHLANFPDIIHVQKG 541
Cdd:cd07669   81 HTGRTYEAVGEMFAEQPKNDLFQMLDTLSLYQGLLSNFPDIIHLQKG 127

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexins 1 and 2; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. This subfamily consists of SNX1, SNX2, and similar proteins. They harbor a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature, C-terminal to the PX domain. Both domains have been shown to determine the specific membrane-targeting of SNX1. SNX1 and SNX2 are components of the retromer complex, a membrane coat multimeric complex required for endosomal retrieval of lysosomal hydrolase receptors to the Golgi. The retromer consists of a cargo-recognition subcomplex and a subcomplex formed by a dimer of sorting nexins (SNX1 and/or SNX2), which ensures effcient cargo sorting by facilitating proper membrane localization of the cargo-recognition subcomplex.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 276 FQCTIDDPTKQTKfkGMKSYISYKlVPTHTQVP--------VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQATGRFEE- 346
Cdd:cd06859    1 FEISVTDPVKVGD--GMSAYVVYR-VTTKTNLPdfkksefsVLRRYSDFLWLYERLVEKYPGRIVPPPPEKQAVGRFKVk 77

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511 347 -DFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLT 380
Cdd:cd06859   78 fEFIEKRRAALERFLRRIAAHPVLRKDPDFRLFLE 112

The Phox Homology domain, a phosphoinositide binding module; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module involved in targeting proteins to membranes. Proteins containing PX domains interact with PIs and have been implicated in highly diverse functions such as cell signaling, vesicular trafficking, protein sorting, lipid modification, cell polarity and division, activation of T and B cells, and cell survival. Many members of this superfamily bind phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) but in some cases, other PIs such as PI4P or PI(3,4)P2, among others, are the preferred substrates. In addition to protein-lipid interaction, the PX domain may also be involved in protein-protein interaction, as in the cases of p40phox, p47phox, and some sorting nexins (SNXs). The PX domain is conserved from yeast to humans and is found in more than 100 proteins. The majority of PX domain-containing proteins are SNXs, which play important roles in endosomal sorting.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 277 QCTIDDPtkQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPTHTQVP---VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRR 353
Cdd:cd06093    1 SVSIPDY--EKVKDGGKKYVVYIIEVTTQGGEewtVYRRYSDFEELHEKLKKKFPGVILPPLPPKKLFGNLDPEFIEERR 78

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 224177511 354 KGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLT 380
Cdd:cd06093   79 KQLEQYLQSLLNHPELRNSEELKEFLE 105

The Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain of Sorting Nexin 9; BAR domains are dimerization, lipid binding and curvature sensing modules found in many different proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) are Phox homology (PX) domain containing proteins that are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. SNXs differ from each other in their lipid-binding specificity, subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. A subset of SNXs also contain BAR domains. The PX-BAR structural unit determines the specific membrane targeting of SNXs. SNX9, also known as SH3PX1, is a cytosolic protein that interacts with proteins associated with clathrin-coated pits such as Cdc-42-associated tyrosine kinase 2 (ACK2). It binds class I polyproline sequences found in dynamin 1/2 and the WASP/N-WASP actin regulators. SNX9 is localized to plasma membrane endocytic sites and acts primarily in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Its array of interacting partners suggests that SNX9 functions at the interface between endocytosis and actin cytoskeletal organization. BAR domains form dimers that bind to membranes, induce membrane bending and curvature, and may also be involved in protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 416 AAALDLQEVESKIDGFKCFTKKMDDSALQLNHTANEFARKQVTGFKKEYQKVGQSFRGLSQAFELDQQAFSVGLNQAIAF 495
Cdd:cd07668    2 APDLDLVEIEQKCEAVGRFTKAMDDGVKELLTVGQEHWKRCTGPLPKEYQKIGKALQSLATVFSTSGYQGETDLNDAITE 81

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 224177511 496 TGDAYDAIGELFAEQPRQDLDPVMDLLALYQGHLANFPDIIHVQKG 541
Cdd:cd07668   82 AGKTYEEIASLVAEQPKKDLHFLMETNHEYKGFLGCFPDIIGAHKG 127

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexins 7 and 30; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. Some SNXs are localized in early endosome structures such as clathrin-coated pits, while others are located in late structures of the endocytic pathway. This subfamily consists of SNX7, SNX30, and similar proteins. They harbor a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature, C-terminal to the PX domain, similar to the sorting nexins SNX1-2, SNX4-6, SNX8, and SNX32. Both domains have been shown to determine the specific membrane-targeting of SNX1. The specific function of the sorting nexins in this subfamily has yet to be elucidated.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 277 QCTIDDPTKQtkFKGMKSYISYKLV--PTHTQVP-----VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQAT----GRFE 345
Cdd:cd06860    2 FITVDNPEKH--VTTLETYITYRVTtkTTRSEFDsseysVRRRYQDFLWLRQKLEESHPTHIIPPLPEKHSVkgllDRFS 79

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511 346 EDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLT 380
Cdd:cd06860   80 PEFVATRMRALHKFLNRIVEHPVLSFNEHLKVFLT 114

PhoX homologous domain, present in p47phox and p40phox; Eukaryotic domain of unknown function present in phox proteins, PLD isoforms, a PI3K isoform.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511   296 ISYKLVPTHTQVpvHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQATGR---FEEDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQ- 371
Cdd:smart00312  19 IETKTGLEEWTV--SRRYSDFLELHSKLKKHFPRSILPPLPGKKLFGRlnnFSEEFIEKRRRGLEKYLQSLLNHPELINh 96

                   ....*....
gi 224177511   372 CDVFQHFLT 380
Cdd:smart00312  97 SEVVLEFLE 105

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 7; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. Some SNXs are localized in early endosome structures such as clathrin-coated pits, while others are located in late structures of the endocytic pathway. SNX7 harbors a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature, C-terminal to the PX domain, similar to the sorting nexins SNX1-2, SNX4-6, SNX8, SNX30, and SNX32. Both domains have been shown to determine the specific membrane-targeting of SNX1. The specific function of SNX7 has yet to be elucidated.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 279 TIDDPtkQTKFKGMKSYISYKLVPTHT-------QVPVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEK----QATGRFEED 347
Cdd:cd07284    4 TVDEP--ESHVTAIETFITYRVMTKTSrsefdssEFEVRRRYQDFLWLKGRLEEAHPTLIIPPLPEKfvmkGMVERFNED 81

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 224177511 348 FISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLT 380
Cdd:cd07284   82 FIETRRKALHKFLNRIADHPTLTFNEDFKIFLT 114

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 30; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. Some SNXs are localized in early endosome structures such as clathrin-coated pits, while others are located in late structures of the endocytic pathway. SNX30 harbors a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature, C-terminal to the PX domain, similar to the sorting nexins SNX1-2, SNX4-8, and SNX32. Both domains have been shown to determine the specific membrane-targeting of SNX1. The specific function of SNX30 has yet to be elucidated.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 279 TIDDPTKQTKfkGMKSYISYKLVPTHTQV-------PVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPE----KQATGRFEED 347
Cdd:cd07283    4 TVDDPKKHVC--TMETYITYRVTTKTTRTefdlpeySVRRRYQDFDWLRNKLEESQPTHLIPPLPEkfvvKGVVDRFSEE 81

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 224177511 348 FISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLT 380
Cdd:cd07283   82 FVETRRKALDKFLKRIADHPVLSFNEHFNVFLT 114

Phox homology (PX) domain protein [Intracellular trafficking and secretion / General function prediction only];

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 273 PYPFQCTIDDPTKQTKFKGMKS-YISYKLVpTHTQVP-----------VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEKQ- 339
Cdd:COG5391  128 DYFISSTVSNPQSLTLLVDSRDkHTSYEII-TVTNLPsfqlresrplvVRRRYSDFESLHSILIKLLPLCAIPPLPSKKs 206

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 340 ----ATGRFEEDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLTcpSSTDEKAWKQgkrkaekdemvganffLTLSTPP 415
Cdd:COG5391  207 nseyYGDRFSDEFIEERRQSLQNFLRRVSTHPLLSNYKNSKSWES--HSTLLSSFIE----------------NRKSVPT 268

                        170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 416 AAALDLQEVeskidgfkcfTKKMDDSALQLNHTANEFARKQVTGFKKEYQKVGQsFRGLSQAFELDQQAFSVGLNQAIAF 495
Cdd:COG5391  269 PLSLDLTST----------TQELDMERKELNESTSKAIHNILSIFSLFEKILIQ-LESEEESLTRLLESLNNLLLLVLNF 337

                        250       260       270       280
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 496 tgdaydaIGELFAEQPRQDLDPVMDLLALYQGHLANFPDI 535
Cdd:COG5391  338 -------SGVFAKRLEQNQNSILNEGVVQAETLRSSLKEL 370

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of SNX-like proteins; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. Some SNXs are localized in early endosome structures such as clathrin-coated pits, while others are located in late structures of the endocytic pathway. This subfamily is composed of uncharacterized proteins, predominantly from plants, with similarity to sorting nexins. A few members show a similar domain architecture as a subfamily of sorting nexins, containing a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which detects membrane curvature, C-terminal to the PX domain. The PX-BAR structural unit is known to determine specific membrane localization.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 277 QCTIDDPTKQ----TKFKGMKSYISYKLV-------PTHTQVPVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVPHLPEK---QATG 342
Cdd:cd06865    1 KITVSDPKKEqepsRVPLGGPPYISYKVTtrtnipsYTHGEFTVRRRFRDVVALADRLAEAYRGAFVPPRPDKsvvESQV 80

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 224177511 343 RFEEDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLT 380
Cdd:cd06865   81 MQSAEFIEQRRVALEKYLNRLAAHPVIGLSDELRVFLT 118

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 3 and related proteins; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. This subfamily is composed of SNX3, SNX12, and fungal Grd19. Grd19 is involved in the localization of late Golgi membrane proteins in yeast. SNX3/Grp19 associates with the retromer complex, a membrane coat multimeric complex required for endosomal retrieval of lysosomal hydrolase receptors to the Golgi, and functions as a cargo-specific adaptor for the retromer.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 280 IDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKlVPTHTQVP--------VHRRYKHFDWLYARLaEKFPVISVPHLPEK---------QATG 342
Cdd:cd06894    4 IDVVNPQTHGVGKKRFTDYE-VRMRTNLPvfkkkessVRRRYSDFEWLRSEL-ERDSKIVVPPLPGKalkrqlpfrGDDG 81

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 224177511 343 RFEEDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPvLAQ 371
Cdd:cd06894   82 IFEEEFIEERRKGLETFINKVAGHP-LAQ 109

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of the fungal protein YPT35; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions such as cell signaling, vesicular trafficking, protein sorting, and lipid modification, among others. This subfamily is composed of YPT35 proteins from the fungal subkingdom Dikarya. The PX domain is involved in targeting of proteins to PI-enriched membranes, and may also be involved in protein-protein interaction. The PX domain of YPT35 binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). It also serves as a protein interaction domain, binding to members of the Yip1p protein family, which localize to the ER and Golgi. YPT35 is mainly associated with endosomes and together with Yip1p proteins, may be involved in a specific function in the endocytic pathway.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 293 KSYISYKLV-----PTHTQVPVHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFP---VISVPHLPEK----QATGRFEEDFISKRRKGLIWWM 360
Cdd:cd07280   20 GAYVVWKITietkdLIGSSIVAYKRYSEFVQLREALLDEFPrhkRNEIPQLPPKvpwyDSRVNLNKAWLEKRRRGLQYFL 99

                         90
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 224177511 361 NHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFL 379
Cdd:cd07280  100 NCVLLNPVFGGSPVVKEFL 118

Src homology 3 domain of Cortactin and related proteins; This subfamily includes cortactin, Abp1 (actin-binding protein 1), hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1), and similar proteins. These proteins are involved in regulating actin dynamics through direct or indirect interaction with the Arp2/3 complex, which is required to initiate actin polymerization. They all contain at least one C-terminal SH3 domain. Cortactin and HS1 bind Arp2/3 and actin through an N-terminal region that contains an acidic domain and several copies of a repeat domain found in cortactin and HS1. Abp1 binds actin via an N-terminal actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) homology domain. Yeast Abp1 binds Arp2/3 directly through two acidic domains. Mammalian Abp1 does not directly interact with Arp2/3; instead, it regulates actin dynamics indirectly by interacting with dynamin and WASP family proteins. The C-terminal region of these proteins acts as an adaptor or scaffold that can connect membrane trafficking and signaling proteins that bind the SH3 domain within the actin network. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDiEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQ 57
Cdd:cd11819    1 RAKALYDYQAAEDNEISFVEGDIITQIEQID-EGWWLGVNAKGQKGLFPANYVE 53

Src Homology 3 domain of Sorting nexin 9; Sorting nexin 9 (SNX9), also known as SH3PX1, is a cytosolic protein that interacts with proteins associated with clathrin-coated pits such as Cdc-42-associated tyrosine kinase 2 (ACK2). It binds class I polyproline sequences found in dynamin 1/2 and the WASP/N-WASP actin regulators. SNX9 is localized to plasma membrane endocytic sites and acts primarily in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Its array of interacting partners suggests that SNX9 functions at the interface between endocytosis and actin cytoskeletal organization. SNXs are Phox homology (PX) domain containing proteins that are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. SNX9 also contains BAR and SH3 domains. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSEnPG--EISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQVI 59
Cdd:cd11898    1 KARVLYDFAAE-PGnnELTVKEGEIITVTNPNVGGGWIEAKNSQGERGLVPTDYVEIV 57

Src homology 3 domain of an unknown subfamily of proteins with similarity to Protein kinase C and Casein kinase Substrate in Neurons (PACSIN) proteins; PACSINs, also called Synaptic dynamin-associated proteins (Syndapins), act as regulators of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics. They bind both dynamin and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), and may provide direct links between the actin cytoskeletal machinery through WASP and dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Vetebrates harbor three isoforms with distinct expression patterns and specific functions. PACSINs contain an N-terminal F-BAR domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQ 57
Cdd:cd11999    3 RVRAVYDYTGQEPDELSFKAGEELLKVEDEDEQGWCKGVTDGGAVGLYPANYVE 56

Src Homology 3 domain of Cdc42-Interacting Protein 4; This subfamily is composed of Cdc42-Interacting Protein 4 (CIP4), Formin Binding Protein 17 (FBP17), FormiN Binding Protein 1-Like (FNBP1L), and similar proteins. CIP4 and FNBP1L are Cdc42 effectors that bind Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) and function in endocytosis. CIP4 and FBP17 bind to the Fas ligand and may be implicated in the inflammatory response. CIP4 may also play a role in phagocytosis. It functions downstream of Cdc42 in PDGF-dependent actin reorganization and cell migration, and also regulates the activity of PDGFRbeta. It uses Src as a substrate in regulating the invasiveness of breast tumor cells. CIP4 may also play a role in the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease. Members of this subfamily typically contain an N-terminal F-BAR (FES-CIP4 Homology and Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs) domain, a central Cdc42-binding HR1 domain, and a C-terminal SH3 domain. The SH3 domain of CIP4 associates with Gapex-5, a Rab31 GEF. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQV 58
Cdd:cd11911    1 TCTALYDFDGTSEGTLSMEEGEILLVLEEDGGDGWTRVRKNNGDEGYVPTSYIEV 55

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexins 20 and 21; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. This subfamily consists of SNX20, SNX21, and similar proteins. SNX20 interacts with P-Selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), a surface-expressed mucin that acts as a ligand for the selectin family of adhesion proteins. It may function in the sorting and cycling of PSGL-1 into endosomes. SNX21, also called SNX-L, is distinctly and highly-expressed in fetal liver and may be involved in protein sorting and degradation during embryonic liver development.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 291 GMKSYISYKLVPTHTQVP------VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFP-VISVPHLPEKQATGRFEEDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHM 363
Cdd:cd07279   14 GEKKYVVYQLAVVQTGDPdtqpafIERRYSDFLKLYKALRKQHPqLMAKVSFPRKVLMGNFSSELIAERSRAFEQFLGHI 93

                         90
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 224177511 364 ASHPVLAQCDVFQHFLTCP 382
Cdd:cd07279   94 LSIPNLRDSKAFLDFLQGP 112

Src homology 3 domain of Protein kinase C and Casein kinase Substrate in Neurons 3 (PACSIN3); PACSIN 3 or Syndapin III (Synaptic dynamin-associated protein III) is expressed ubiquitously and regulates glucose uptake in adipocytes through its role in GLUT1 trafficking. It also modulates the subcellular localization and stimulus-specific function of the cation channel TRPV4. PACSINs act as regulators of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics. Vetebrates harbor three isoforms with distinct expression patterns and specific functions. PACSINs contain an N-terminal F-BAR domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511   3 LRARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQ 57
Cdd:cd11997    2 VRVRALYDYTGQEADELSFKAGEELLKIGEEDEQGWCKGRLLSGRIGLYPANYVE 56

First Src Homology 3 domain of Sorbin and SH3 domain containing (Sorbs) proteins and similar domains; This family, also called the vinexin family, is composed predominantly of adaptor proteins containing one sorbin homology (SoHo) and three SH3 domains. Members include the first SH3 domains of Sorbs1 (or ponsin), Sorbs2 (or ArgBP2), Vinexin (or Sorbs3), and similar domains. They are involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal organization, cell adhesion, and growth factor signaling. Members of this family bind multiple partners including signaling molecules like c-Abl, c-Arg, Sos, and c-Cbl, as well as cytoskeletal molecules such as vinculin and afadin. They may have overlapping functions. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 224177511   5 ARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDiEGWLEGVNSrGDRGLFPASYVQV 58
Cdd:cd11781    2 ARALYPFKAQSAKELSLKKGDIIYIRRQID-KNWYEGEHN-GRVGIFPASYVEI 53

Variant SH3 domain;

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 224177511    7 ALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLcSEQDIEGWLEGVNsRGDRGLFPASYVQ 57
Cdd:pfam14604   1 ALYPYEPKDDDELSLQRGDVITV-IEESEDGWWEGIN-TGRTGLVPANYVE 49

C-terminal Src Homology 3 domain of the Nebulin family of proteins; Nebulin family proteins contain multiple nebulin repeats, and may contain an N-terminal LIM domain and/or a C-terminal SH3 domain. They have molecular weights ranging from 34 to 900 kD, depending on the number of nebulin repeats, and they all bind actin. They are involved in the regulation of actin filament architecture and function as stabilizers and scaffolds for cytoskeletal structures with which they associate, such as long actin filaments or focal adhesions. Nebulin family proteins that contain a C-terminal SH3 domain include the giant filamentous protein nebulin, nebulette, Lasp1, and Lasp2. Lasp2, also called LIM-nebulette, is an alternatively spliced variant of nebulette. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDiEGWLEGVNSR-GDRGLFPASYVQ 57
Cdd:cd11789    1 RYRAMYDYAAADDDEVSFQEGDVIINVEIID-DGWMEGTVQRtGQSGMLPANYVE 54

First Src Homology 3 domain of Bzz1 and similar domains; Bzz1 (or Bzz1p) is a WASP/Las17-interacting protein involved in endocytosis and trafficking to the vacuole. It physically interacts with type I myosins and functions in the early steps of endocytosis. Together with other proteins, it induces membrane scission in yeast. Bzz1 contains an N-terminal F-BAR (FES-CIP4 Homology and Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs), a central coiled-coil, and two C-terminal SH3 domains. This model represents the first C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQV 58
Cdd:cd11912    1 TAKVLYDYTASGDDEVSISEGEEVTVLEPDDGSGWTKVRNGSGEEGLVPTSYIEI 55

First Src Homology 3 domain of SH3 domain containing ring finger proteins; This model represents the first SH3 domain of SH3RF1 (or POSH), SH3RF2 (or POSHER), SH3RF3 (POSH2), and similar domains. Members of this family are scaffold proteins that function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. They all contain an N-terminal RING finger domain and multiple SH3 domains; SH3RF1 and SH3RF3 have four SH3 domains while SH3RF2 has three. SH3RF1 plays a role in calcium homeostasis through the control of the ubiquitin domain protein Herp. It may also have a role in regulating death receptor mediated and JNK mediated apoptosis. SH3RF3 interacts with p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) and GTP-loaded Rac1. It may play a role in regulating JNK mediated apoptosis in certain conditions. SH3RF2 acts as an anti-apoptotic regulator of the JNK pathway by binding to and promoting the degradation of SH3RF1. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511   4 RARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDiEGWLEGvNSRGDRGLFPASYVQV 58
Cdd:cd11786    1 CAKALYNYEGKEPGDLSFKKGDIILLRKRID-ENWYHG-ECNGKQGFFPASYVQV 53

Src homology 3 domain of Protein kinase C and Casein kinase Substrate in Neurons 1 (PACSIN1) and PACSIN 2; PACSIN 1 or Syndapin I (Synaptic dynamin-associated protein I) is expressed specifically in the brain and is localized in neurites and synaptic boutons. It binds the brain-specific proteins dynamin I, synaptojanin, synapsin I, and neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (nWASP), and functions as a link between the cytoskeletal machinery and synaptic vesicle endocytosis. PACSIN 1 interacts with huntingtin and may be implicated in the neuropathology of Huntington's disease. PACSIN 2 or Syndapin II is expressed ubiquitously and is involved in the regulation of tubulin polymerization. It associates with Golgi membranes and forms a complex with dynamin II which is crucial in promoting vesicle formation from the trans-Golgi network. PACSINs act as regulators of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics. Vetebrates harbor three isoforms with distinct expression patterns and specific functions. PACSINs contain an N-terminal F-BAR domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 224177511   3 LRARALYDFRSENPGEISLREHEVLSLCSEQDIEGWLEGVNSRGDRGLFPASYVQ 57
Cdd:cd11998    1 VRVRALYDYDGQEQDELSFKAGDELTKLEDEDEQGWCKGRLDSGQVGLYPANYVE 55

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 3; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. SNX3 associates with early endosomes through a PX domain-mediated interaction with phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P). It associates with the retromer complex, a membrane coat multimeric complex required for endosomal retrieval of lysosomal hydrolase receptors to the Golgi, and functions as a cargo-specific adaptor for the retromer. SNX3 is required for the formation of multivesicular bodies, which function as transport intermediates to late endosomes. It also promotes cell surface expression of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), which is critical in sodium homeostasis and maintenance of extracellular fluid volume.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 280 IDDPTKQTKFKGMKSYISYKlVPTHTQVP--------VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPVISVP--------HLPEKQATGR 343
Cdd:cd07293    4 IDVTNPQTVGVGRGRFTTYE-IRLKTNLPifklkestVRRRYSDFEWLRSELERESKVVVPPlpgkalfrQLPFRGDDGI 82

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 224177511 344 FEEDFISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPvLAQ 371
Cdd:cd07293   83 FDDSFIEERKQGLEQFLNKVAGHP-LAQ 109

The phosphoinositide binding Phox Homology domain of Sorting Nexin 1; The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions. Sorting nexins (SNXs) make up the largest group among PX domain containing proteins. They are involved in regulating membrane traffic and protein sorting in the endosomal system. The PX domain of SNXs binds PIs and targets the protein to PI-enriched membranes. SNXs differ from each other in PI-binding specificity and affinity, and the presence of other protein-protein interaction domains, which help determine subcellular localization and specific function in the endocytic pathway. SNX1 is both membrane associated and a cytosolic protein that exists as a tetramer in protein complexes. It can associate reversibly with membranes of the endosomal compartment, thereby coating these vesicles. SNX1 is a component of the retromer complex, a membrane coat multimeric complex required for endosomal retrieval of lysosomal hydrolase receptors to the Golgi. The retromer consists of a cargo-recognition subcomplex and a subcomplex formed by a dimer of sorting nexins (SNX1 and/or SNX2), which ensures efficient cargo sorting by facilitating proper membrane localization of the cargo-recognition subcomplex. SNX1 contains a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain C-terminal to the PX domain. The PX domain of SNX1 specifically binds phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) and PI(3,5)P2, while the BAR domain detects membrane curvature. Both domains help determine the specific membrane-targeting of SNX1, which is localized to a microdomain in early endosomes where it regulates cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor retrieval to the trans Golgi network.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 224177511 279 TIDDPTKQTKfkGMKSYISYKlVPTHTQVP--------VHRRYKHFDWLYARLAEKFPV--ISVPHLPEKQATGRFE--- 345
Cdd:cd07281    4 SITDPEKIGD--GMNAYVVYK-VTTQTSLLmfrskhftVKRRFSDFLGLYEKLSEKHSQngFIVPPPPEKSLIGMTKvkv 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 224177511 346 --ED-----FISKRRKGLIWWMNHMASHPVLAQCDVFQHFL 379
Cdd:cd07281   81 gkEDsssaeFLERRRAALERYLQRIVSHPSLLQDPDVREFL 121