SAM domain of MLTK subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of MLTK subfamily is a protein-protein interaction domain. Besides SAM domain, these proteins have N-terminal protein tyrosine kinase domain and leucine-zipper motif. Proteins of this group act as mitogen-activated protein triple kinase in a number of MAPK cascades. They can be activated by autophosphorylation in response to stress signals. MLTK-alpha is known to phosphorylate histone H3. In mammals, MLTKs participate in the activation of the JNK/SAPK, p38, ERK5 pathways, the transcriptional factor NF-kB, in the regulation of the cell cycle checkpoint, and in the induction of apoptosis in a hepatoma cell line. Some members of this subfamily are proto-oncogenes, thus MLTK-alpha is involved in neoplasmic cell transformation and/or skin cancer development in athymic nude mice. Based on in vivo coprecipitation experiments in mammalian cells, it has been demonstrated that MLTK proteins might form homodimers/oligomers via their SAM domains.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 568918021  22 AWTEDDVYFWVQQLVRKGESSVEMSGYASLFKENNITGKRLLLLEEEDLKDMGIVSKGHIIHFKSAIEKLT 92
Cdd:cd09529    1 AWTEEDVHFWMQQLVRKGGHPSELSQYADLFKENHITGKRLLLLTEEDLRDMGIGSKGHIIHLKSAIEKLT 71

SAM domain of MLTK subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of MLTK subfamily is a protein-protein interaction domain. Besides SAM domain, these proteins have N-terminal protein tyrosine kinase domain and leucine-zipper motif. Proteins of this group act as mitogen-activated protein triple kinase in a number of MAPK cascades. They can be activated by autophosphorylation in response to stress signals. MLTK-alpha is known to phosphorylate histone H3. In mammals, MLTKs participate in the activation of the JNK/SAPK, p38, ERK5 pathways, the transcriptional factor NF-kB, in the regulation of the cell cycle checkpoint, and in the induction of apoptosis in a hepatoma cell line. Some members of this subfamily are proto-oncogenes, thus MLTK-alpha is involved in neoplasmic cell transformation and/or skin cancer development in athymic nude mice. Based on in vivo coprecipitation experiments in mammalian cells, it has been demonstrated that MLTK proteins might form homodimers/oligomers via their SAM domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 568918021  22 AWTEDDVYFWVQQLVRKGESSVEMSGYASLFKENNITGKRLLLLEEEDLKDMGIVSKGHIIHFKSAIEKLT 92
Cdd:cd09529    1 AWTEEDVHFWMQQLVRKGGHPSELSQYADLFKENHITGKRLLLLTEEDLRDMGIGSKGHIIHLKSAIEKLT 71

SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif); It has been suggested that SAM is an evolutionarily conserved protein binding domain that is involved in the regulation of numerous developmental processes in diverse eukaryotes. The SAM domain can potentially function as a protein interaction module through its ability to homo- and heterooligomerise with other SAM domains.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 568918021   23 WTEDDVYFWVQQLvrkgessvEMSGYASLFKENNITGKRLLLLEEEDLKDMGIVSKGHIIHFKSAIEKL 91
Cdd:pfam00536   3 WSVEDVGEWLESI--------GLGQYIDSFRAGYIDGDALLQLTEDDLLKLGVTLLGHRKKILYAIQRL 63

SAM domain of MLTK subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of MLTK subfamily is a protein-protein interaction domain. Besides SAM domain, these proteins have N-terminal protein tyrosine kinase domain and leucine-zipper motif. Proteins of this group act as mitogen-activated protein triple kinase in a number of MAPK cascades. They can be activated by autophosphorylation in response to stress signals. MLTK-alpha is known to phosphorylate histone H3. In mammals, MLTKs participate in the activation of the JNK/SAPK, p38, ERK5 pathways, the transcriptional factor NF-kB, in the regulation of the cell cycle checkpoint, and in the induction of apoptosis in a hepatoma cell line. Some members of this subfamily are proto-oncogenes, thus MLTK-alpha is involved in neoplasmic cell transformation and/or skin cancer development in athymic nude mice. Based on in vivo coprecipitation experiments in mammalian cells, it has been demonstrated that MLTK proteins might form homodimers/oligomers via their SAM domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 568918021  22 AWTEDDVYFWVQQLVRKGESSVEMSGYASLFKENNITGKRLLLLEEEDLKDMGIVSKGHIIHFKSAIEKLT 92
Cdd:cd09529    1 AWTEEDVHFWMQQLVRKGGHPSELSQYADLFKENHITGKRLLLLTEEDLRDMGIGSKGHIIHLKSAIEKLT 71

Sterile alpha motif; Widespread domain in signalling and nuclear proteins. In EPH-related tyrosine kinases, appears to mediate cell-cell initiated signal transduction via the binding of SH2-containing proteins to a conserved tyrosine that is phosphorylated. In many cases mediates homodimerisation.

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                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568918021    23 WTEDDVYFWVQQLVrkgessveMSGYASLFKENNITGKRLLLLEEEDL-KDMGIVSKGHIIHFKSAIEKL 91
Cdd:smart00454   4 WSPESVADWLESIG--------LEQYADNFRKNGIDGALLLLLTSEEDlKELGITKLGHRKKILKAIQKL 65

SAM (Sterile alpha motif ); SAM (Sterile Alpha Motif) domain is a module consisting of approximately 70 amino acids. This domain is found in the Fungi/Metazoa group and in a restricted number of bacteria. Proteins with SAM domains are represented by a wide variety of domain architectures and have different intracellular localization, including nucleus, cytoplasm and membranes. SAM domains have diverse functions. They can interact with proteins, RNAs and membrane lipids, contain site of phosphorylation and/or kinase docking site, and play a role in protein homo and hetero dimerization/oligomerization in processes ranging from signal transduction to regulation of transcription. Mutations in SAM domains have been linked to several diseases.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 568918021  27 DVYFWVQQLvrkgessvEMSGYASLFKENNITGKRLLLLEEEDLKDMGIVSKGHIIHFKSAIEK 90
Cdd:cd09487    1 DVAEWLESL--------GLEQYADLFRKNEIDGDALLLLTDEDLKELGITSPGHRKKILRAIQR 56

SAM domain of WDSUB1 proteins; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of WDSUB1 subfamily proteins is a putative protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this group contain multiple domains: SAM, one or more WD40 repeats and U-box (derived version of the RING-finger domain). Apparently the WDSUB1 subfamily proteins participate in protein degradation through ubiquitination, since U-box domain are known as a member of E3 ubiquitin ligase family, while SAM and WD40 domains most probably are responsible for an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme binding and a target protein binding.

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gi 568918021  20 IGAWTEDDVYFWVQqlvrkgesSVEMSGYASLFKENNITGKR-LLLLEEEDLKDMGIVSKGH 80
Cdd:cd09505    2 LQDWSEEDVCTWLR--------SIGLEQYVEVFRANNIDGKElLNLTKESLSKDLKIESLGH 55