C2H2 Hakai zinc finger domain; This is the C2H2 zinc finger domain found in E3 ubiquitin ligase Hakai. Hakai targets tyrosine-phosphorylated E-cadherin. It carries a Tyr(P)-binding domain, coined the HYB domain for Hakai phosphotyrosine (Tyr(P)) binding. HYB domain structure illustrates that it forms a zinc-coordinated homodimer in an antiparallel, intertwined configuration, utilizing residues from the Tyr(P)-binding region of two Hakai monomers. The C-terminal region of the HYB domain, which harbors the atypical zinc-coordination motif and key residues involved in the Tyr(P) interaction, plays an important role in the dimerization observed in the HYB domain.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 568977429  172 GSLFMCSIVQGCKRTYLSQRDLQAHINHRHMR 203
Cdd:pfam18408   1 GTVFMCSVVQGCRRTYLSQRDLQAHINHRHLR 32

C2H2 Hakai zinc finger domain; This is the C2H2 zinc finger domain found in E3 ubiquitin ligase Hakai. Hakai targets tyrosine-phosphorylated E-cadherin. It carries a Tyr(P)-binding domain, coined the HYB domain for Hakai phosphotyrosine (Tyr(P)) binding. HYB domain structure illustrates that it forms a zinc-coordinated homodimer in an antiparallel, intertwined configuration, utilizing residues from the Tyr(P)-binding region of two Hakai monomers. The C-terminal region of the HYB domain, which harbors the atypical zinc-coordination motif and key residues involved in the Tyr(P) interaction, plays an important role in the dimerization observed in the HYB domain.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 568977429  172 GSLFMCSIVQGCKRTYLSQRDLQAHINHRHMR 203
Cdd:pfam18408   1 GTVFMCSVVQGCRRTYLSQRDLQAHINHRHLR 32

Ring finger; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is intrinsic to the RING domain of c-Cbl and is likely to be a general function of this domain; Various RING fingers exhibit binding activity towards E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (Ubc' s)

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568977429   120 CDKCGLPIKVYGRMIPCKHVFCYDCAILHEKKGDKMCPGC 159
Cdd:smart00184   1 CPICLEEYLKDPVILPCGHTFCRSCIRKWLESGNNTCPIC 40

C2H2 Hakai zinc finger domain; This is the C2H2 zinc finger domain found in E3 ubiquitin ligase Hakai. Hakai targets tyrosine-phosphorylated E-cadherin. It carries a Tyr(P)-binding domain, coined the HYB domain for Hakai phosphotyrosine (Tyr(P)) binding. HYB domain structure illustrates that it forms a zinc-coordinated homodimer in an antiparallel, intertwined configuration, utilizing residues from the Tyr(P)-binding region of two Hakai monomers. The C-terminal region of the HYB domain, which harbors the atypical zinc-coordination motif and key residues involved in the Tyr(P) interaction, plays an important role in the dimerization observed in the HYB domain.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 568977429  172 GSLFMCSIVQGCKRTYLSQRDLQAHINHRHMR 203
Cdd:pfam18408   1 GTVFMCSVVQGCRRTYLSQRDLQAHINHRHLR 32

HC subclass of RING (RING-HC) finger and its variants; The RING finger is a specialized type of Zn-finger of 40 to 60 residues that binds two atoms of zinc. It is defined by the "cross-brace" motif that chelates zinc atoms by eight amino acid residues, typically Cys or His, arranged in a characteristic spacing. Canonical RING motifs have been categorized into two major subclasses, RING-HC (C3HC4-type) and RING-H2 (C3H2C3-type), according to their Cys/His content. There are also many variants of RING fingers. Some have a different Cys/His pattern. Some lack a single Cys or His residue at typical Zn ligand positions, especially, the fourth or eighth zinc ligand is prevalently exchanged for an Asp, which can chelate Zn in a RING finger as well. This family corresponds to the HC subclass of RING (RING-HC) fingers that are characterized by containing C3HC4-type canonical RING-HC fingers or noncanonical RING-HC finger variants, including C4C4-, C3HC3D-, C2H2C4-, and C3HC5-type modified RING-HC fingers. The canonical RING-HC finger has been defined as C-X2-C-X(9-39)-C-X(1-3)-H-X(2-3)-C-X2-C-X(4-48)-C-X2-C. It binds two Zn ions in a unique "cross-brace" arrangement, which distinguishes it from tandem zinc fingers and other similar motifs. RING-HC fingers can be found in a group of diverse proteins with a variety of cellular functions, including oncogenesis, development, viral replication, signal transduction, the cell cycle, and apoptosis. Many of them are ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3s) that serve as scaffolds for binding to ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s, also referred to as ubiquitin carrier proteins or UBCs) in close proximity to substrate proteins, which enables efficient transfer of ubiquitin from E2 to the substrates.

                         10        20
                 ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 568977429 132 RMIPCKHVFCYDCAILHEKKGDKMCPGC 159
Cdd:cd16449   14 VLLPCGHVFCRECIRRLLESGSIKCPIC 41

Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger); The C3HC4 type zinc-finger (RING finger) is a cysteine-rich domain of 40 to 60 residues that coordinates two zinc ions, and has the consensus sequence: C-X2-C-X(9-39)-C-X(1-3)-H-X(2-3)-C-X2-C-X(4-48)-C-X2-C where X is any amino acid. Many proteins containing a RING finger play a key role in the ubiquitination pathway.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 568977429  123 CGLPIKVYGRMIPCKHVFCYDCAILHEKKGDKMCPGC 159
Cdd:pfam00097   4 CLEEPKDPVTLLPCGHLFCSKCIRSWLESGNVTCPLC 40

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 138 (RNF138) and similar proteins; RNF138, also known as Nemo-like kinase-associated RING finger protein (NARF) or NLK-associated RING finger protein, is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an important role in glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. It specifically cooperates with the E2 conjugating enzyme E2-25K (Hip-2/UbcH1), regulates the ubiquitylation and degradation of T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF), and further suppresses Wnt-beta-catenin signaling. RNF138, together with three closely related proteins: RNF114, RNF125 and RNF166, forms a novel family of ubiquitin ligases with a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, a C2HC-, and two C2H2-type zinc fingers, as well as a ubiquitin interacting motif (UIM).

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 568977429 132 RMIPCKHVFCYDCAILHEKKGDKMCPGCSDPVQRIE 167
Cdd:cd16544   17 ELPPCRHIFCKACILLALRSSGARCPLCRGPVGKTE 52

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger proteins RNF113A, RNF113B, and similar proteins; RNF113A, also known as zinc finger protein 183 (ZNF183), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that physically interacts with the E2 protein, UBE2U. A nonsense mutation in RNF113A is associated with an X-linked trichothiodystrophy (TTD). Its yeast ortholog Cwc24p is predicted to have a spliceosome function and acts in a complex with Cef1p to participate in pre-U3 snoRNA splicing, indirectly affecting pre-rRNA processing. It is also important for the U2 snRNP binding to primary transcripts and co-migrates with spliceosomes. Moreover, the ortholog of RNF113A in fruit flies may also act as a spliceosome and is hypothesized to be involved in splicing, namely within the central nervous system. The ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans is involved in DNA repair of inter-strand crosslinks. RNF113B, also known as zinc finger protein 183-like 1, shows high sequence similarity with RNF113A. Both RNF113A and RNF113B contain a CCCH-type zinc finger, which is commonly found in RNA-binding proteins involved in splicing, and a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, which is frequently found in E3 ubiquitin ligases.

                         10        20
                 ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 568977429 136 CKHVFCYDCAILHEKKGDKmCPGCSDP 162
Cdd:cd16539   23 CGHYFCEKCALKHYRKSKK-CFVCGKQ 48