RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in nucleolar protein 8 (NOL8) and similar proteins; This model corresponds to the RRM of NOL8 (also termed Nop132) encoded by a novel NOL8 gene that is up-regulated in the majority of diffuse-type, but not intestinal-type, gastric cancers. Thus, NOL8 may be a good molecular target for treatment of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Also, NOL8 is a phosphorylated protein that contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), suggesting NOL8 is likely to function as a novel RNA-binding protein. It may be involved in regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level or in ribosome biogenesis in cancer cells.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRT---NGRSFAYVDFHcPSDKALAKLFSTYNGCKWKGGKLRLEKAK 91
Cdd:cd12226     1 RLFVGGLSPSITEDDLERRFSRFGTVSDVEIIRKkdaPDRGFAYIDLR-TSEAALQKCLSTLNGVKWKGSRLKIQLAK 77

RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP domain); The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins, proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich, with a third helix present during RNA binding in some cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm which is included in the seed. There is a second region towards the C terminus that has some features characteriztic of a rrm but does not appear to have the important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1002237677  18 IFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRTN-GRS--FAYVDFHCPSD--KALAKL-FSTYNGCKWK 81
Cdd:pfam00076   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSKFGPIKSIRLVRDEtGRSkgFAFVEFEDEEDaeKAIEALnGKELGGRELK 70

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in nucleolar protein 8 (NOL8) and similar proteins; This model corresponds to the RRM of NOL8 (also termed Nop132) encoded by a novel NOL8 gene that is up-regulated in the majority of diffuse-type, but not intestinal-type, gastric cancers. Thus, NOL8 may be a good molecular target for treatment of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Also, NOL8 is a phosphorylated protein that contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), suggesting NOL8 is likely to function as a novel RNA-binding protein. It may be involved in regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level or in ribosome biogenesis in cancer cells.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRT---NGRSFAYVDFHcPSDKALAKLFSTYNGCKWKGGKLRLEKAK 91
Cdd:cd12226     1 RLFVGGLSPSITEDDLERRFSRFGTVSDVEIIRKkdaPDRGFAYIDLR-TSEAALQKCLSTLNGVKWKGSRLKIQLAK 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily; RRM, also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), is a highly abundant domain in eukaryotes found in proteins involved in post-transcriptional gene expression processes including mRNA and rRNA processing, RNA export, and RNA stability. This domain is 90 amino acids in length and consists of a four-stranded beta-sheet packed against two alpha-helices. RRM usually interacts with ssRNA, but is also known to interact with ssDNA as well as proteins. RRM binds a variable number of nucleotides, ranging from two to eight. The active site includes three aromatic side-chains located within the conserved RNP1 and RNP2 motifs of the domain. The RRM domain is found in a variety heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1002237677  18 IFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRTNG---RSFAYVDFHCPSD--KALAKLfstyNGCKWKGGKLRLE 88
Cdd:cd00590     1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLRELFSKFGEVVSVRIVRDRDgksKGFAFVEFESPEDaeKALEAL----NGTELGGRPLKVS 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 in three serine/arginine (SR) proteins: serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1 or ASF-1), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 (SRSF9 or SRp30C), and plant pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF2 (SR1). SRSF1 is a shuttling SR protein involved in constitutive and alternative splicing, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), mRNA export and translation. It also functions as a splicing-factor oncoprotein that regulates apoptosis and proliferation to promote mammary epithelial cell transformation. SRSF9 has been implicated in the activity of many elements that control splice site selection, the alternative splicing of the glucocorticoid receptor beta in neutrophils and in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pre-mRNA. It can also interact with other proteins implicated in alternative splicing, including YB-1, rSLM-1, rSLM-2, E4-ORF4, Nop30, and p32. Both, SRSF1 and SRSF9, contain two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal RS domains rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. In contrast, SF2 contains two N-terminal RRMs and a C-terminal PSK domain rich in proline, serine and lysine residues.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEF-VRTNGRSFAYVDFHCPSDKALAklFSTYNGCKWKGGKLRLE 88
Cdd:cd12338     1 RIYVGNLPGDIRERDIEDLFYKYGPILAIDLkNRRRGPPFAFVEFEDPRDAEDA--IRGRDGYDFDGYRLRVE 71

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two serine/arginine (SR) proteins, serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7). SRSF3, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRp20, modulates alternative splicing by interacting with RNA cis-elements in a concentration- and cell differentiation-dependent manner. It is also involved in termination of transcription, alternative RNA polyadenylation, RNA export, and protein translation. SRSF3 is critical for cell proliferation, and tumor induction and maintenance. It can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF7, also termed splicing factor 9G8, plays a crucial role in both constitutive splicing and alternative splicing of many pre-mRNAs. Its localization and functions are tightly regulated by phosphorylation. SRSF7 is predominantly present in the nuclear and can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. It cooperates with the export protein, Tap/NXF1, helps mRNA export to the cytoplasm, and enhances the expression of unspliced mRNA. Moreover, SRSF7 inhibits tau E10 inclusion through directly interacting with the proximal downstream intron of E10, a clustering region for frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism (FTDP) mutations. Both SRSF3 and SRSF7 contain a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. The RRM domain is involved in RNA binding, and the RS domain has been implicated in protein shuttling and protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVeFVRTNGRSFAYVDFHCPSD--KALAKLfstyNGCKWKGGKLRLEKAK 91
Cdd:cd12373     1 KVYVGNLGPRVTKRELEDAFEKYGPLRNV-WVARNPPGFAFVEFEDPRDaeDAVRAL----DGRRICGSRVRVELSR 72

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 (hnRNP A0) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0, a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A0 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFV--RTNG--RSFAYVDF--HCPSDKALAKLFSTYNG 77
Cdd:cd12579     1 KLFVGGLKGDVGEGDLVEHFSQFGTVEKVEVIadKDTGkkRGFGFVYFedHDSADKAAVVKFHSING 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1002237677  18 IFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRTNG----RSFAYVDFHCPSD--KALAKLfstyNGCKWKGGKLRLEKAK 91
Cdd:cd12413     2 LFVRNLPYDTTDEQLEELFSDVGPVKRCFVVKDKGkdkcRGFGYVTFALAEDaqRALEEV----KGKKFGGRKIKVELAK 77

                  .
gi 1002237677  92 E 92
Cdd:cd12413    78 K 78

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of IGF2BP1 (IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 1 or IMP-1), also termed coding region determinant-binding protein (CRD-BP), or VICKZ family member 1, or zipcode-binding protein 1 (ZBP-1). IGF2BP1 is a multi-functional regulator of RNA metabolism that has been implicated in the control of aspects of localization, stability, and translation for many mRNAs. It is predominantly located in cytoplasm and was initially identified as a trans-acting factor that interacts with the zipcode in the 3'- untranslated region (UTR) of the beta-actin mRNA, which is important for its localization and translational regulation. It inhibits IGF-II mRNA translation through binding to the 5'-UTR of the transcript. IGF2BP1 also acts as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag-binding factor that interacts with HIV-1 Gag protein and blocks the formation of infectious HIV-1 particles. IGF2BP1 promotes mRNA stabilization; it functions as a coding region determinant (CRD)-binding protein that binds to the coding region of betaTrCP1 mRNA and prevents miR-183-mediated degradation of betaTrCP1 mRNA. It also promotes c-myc mRNA stability by associating with the CRD and stabilizes CD44 mRNA via interaction with the 3'-UTR of the transcript. In addition, IGF2BP1 specifically interacts with both Hepatitis C virus (HCV) 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR, further recruiting eIF3 and enhancing HCV internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation initiation via the 3'-UTR. IGF2BP1 contains four hnRNP K-homology (KH) domains, two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a RGG RNA-binding domain. It also contains two putative nuclear export signals (NESs) and a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRTNGrsFAYVDfhCPSDKALAKLFSTYNG-CKWKGGKLRLEKA 90
Cdd:cd12625     3 KLYIGNLNESVTPADLEKVFEDHKISYSGQFLVKSG--YAFVD--CPDEQWAMKAIETFSGkVELHGKRLEIEHS 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 (SRSF9); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of SRSF9, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRp30C. SRSF9 is an essential splicing regulatory serine/arginine (SR) protein that has been implicated in the activity of many elements that control splice site selection, the alternative splicing of the glucocorticoid receptor beta in neutrophils and in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pre-mRNA. SRSF9 can also interact with other proteins implicated in alternative splicing, including YB-1, rSLM-1, rSLM-2, E4-ORF4, Nop30, and p32. SRSF9 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by an unusually short C-terminal RS domains rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRTNGRS-FAYVDFHCPSDKALAkLFSTyNGCKWKGGKLRLE 88
Cdd:cd12598     1 RIYVGNLPSDVREKDLEDLFYKYGRIRDIELKNRRGLVpFAFVRFEDPRDAEDA-VFGR-NGYDFGQCRLRVE 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 (hnRNP A3) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A3, a novel RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE) independently of hnRNP A2 and participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. hnRNP A3 can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1002237677  17 RIFVGGISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVRTNG----RSFAYVDF--HCPSDKALAKLFSTYNG 77
Cdd:cd12582     2 KIFVGGIKEDTEEYHLRDYFEKYGKIETIEVMEDRQsgkkRGFAFVTFddHDTVDKIVVQKYHTING 68

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit G (eIF-3G) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of eIF-3G and similar proteins. eIF-3G, also termed eIF-3 subunit 4, or eIF-3-delta, or eIF3-p42, or eIF3-p44, is the RNA-binding subunit of eIF3, a large multisubunit complex that plays a central role in the initiation of translation by binding to the 40 S ribosomal subunit and promoting the binding of methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA. eIF-3G binds 18 S rRNA and beta-globin mRNA, and therefore appears to be a nonspecific RNA-binding protein. eIF-3G is one of the cytosolic targets and interacts with mature apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). eIF-3G contains one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). This family also includes yeast eIF3-p33, a homolog of vertebrate eIF-3G, plays an important role in the initiation phase of protein synthesis in yeast. It binds both, mRNA and rRNA, fragments due to an RRM near its C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1002237677  23 ISEGVAAADLEAMFASVGRVAGVEFVR----TNGRSFAYVDFHCPSD--KALAKL 71
Cdd:cd12408     7 LSEDATEEDLRELFRPFGPISRVYLAKdketGQSKGFAFVTFETREDaeRAIEKL 61