BioProject

Saponin-based vaccine adjuvants are potent in preclinical animal models and humans, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. More...

Saponin-based vaccine adjuvants are potent in preclinical animal models and humans, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Using a stabilized HIV envelope trimer as a model immunogen, we carried out studies in non-human primates (NHPs), comparing the most common clinical adjuvant alum and Saponin/MPLA Nanoparticles (SMNP), a novel ISCOMs-like adjuvant. SMNP elicited substantially stronger humoral immune responses than alum and induced strong type I interferon transcriptional signatures, expansion of innate immune cells, and increased antigen presenting cell activation in LNs. These findings indicate that SMNP promotes multiple facets of the early immune response relevant for enhanced immunity to vaccination. Overall design: Lymph nodes from three NHPs per group were collected at 48 hours following immunization and were processed for scRNA-seq analysis. A contralateral inguinal lymph node without antigen signal from an NHP immunized with alum was collected as the control. CD3lowCD8lowCD20low single cells were flow-sorted to moderately enrich for cells of myeloid lineage using flow cytometry. Less...