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Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US), Rockville (MD)
Sanders GD, Lowenstern A, Borre E, et al. Stroke Prevention in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review Update [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2018 Oct. (Comparative Effectiveness Reviews, No. 214.) Acronyms and Abbreviations.
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|---|
| ABC | Age, biomarkers, clinical history |
| ACC | American College of Cardiology |
| ACTIVE-A | Effect of Clopidogrel Added to Aspirin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (trial) |
| ACTIVE-W | Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events (trial) |
| ACP | Amplatzer cardiac plug |
| ACTS | Anti-Clot Treatment Scale |
| AF | Atrial fibrillation |
| AHA | American Heart Association |
| AHRQ | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality |
| AMADAEUS | Evaluating the Use of SR34006 Compared to Warfarin or Acenocoumarol in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (trial) |
| ApoE | Apolipoprotein E |
| ARISTOTLE | Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (trial) |
| ASA | Acetylsalicylic acid |
| ASD | Atrial septal defect |
| ATRIA | Age, female, diabetes, congestive heart failure, hypertension, proteinuria |
| AV | Aortic valve |
| AVERROES | Apixaban Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid to Prevent Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Who Have Failed or Are Unsuitable for Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment (trial) |
| BAFTA | Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Treatment of the Aged Study |
| BRI | Bleeding risk index |
| CABG | Coronary artery bypass grafting |
| CAD | Coronary artery disease |
| CDSR | Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |
| CER | Comparative effectiveness research/review |
| CHADS2 | Congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75, diabetes, stroke/TIA (2 points) |
| CHA2DS2-VASc | Congestive heart failure/left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, hypertension, age ≥75 (2 points), diabetes, stroke/TIA/thromboembolism (2 points), vascular disease, age 65-74, sex |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
| CKD-EPI | Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CQ | Contextual question |
| CrCl | Creatinine clearance |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| cTnT-hs | High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| DOAC | Direct oral anticoagulant |
| DSMB | Data safety and monitoring board |
| DTI | Direct thrombin inhibitor |
| DVT | Deep vein thrombosis |
| eGFR | Estimated glomerular filtration rate |
| EHC | Effective Healthcare |
| ENGAGE-AF | Effective Anticoagulation with Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial |
| TIMI-48 | Fibrillation–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48 (trial) |
| EPC | Evidence-based Practice Center |
| eQ-5D-3L | EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire, level 3 version |
| ER | Emergency room |
| ESRD | End-stage renal disease |
| FASTRHAC | Thromboembolic and Bleeding Risk Stratification in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation |
| GDF-15 | Growth differentiation factor 15 |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| HAEST | Heparin in Acute Embolic Stroke Trial |
| HAS-BLED | Hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile INR, elderly (> 65), drugs/alcohol concomitantly |
| HEMORR2HAGES | Hepatic or renal disease, ethanol (alcohol) abuse, malignancy, older (> 75), reduced platelet count or function, rebleeding risk (2 points), hypertension (uncontrolled), anemia, genetic factors, excessive fall risk, stroke history |
| HF | Heart failure |
| HFpEF | Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| HR | Hazard ratio |
| HRQOL | Health-related quality of life |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| INR | International normalized ratio |
| IQR | Interquartile ratio |
| IRR | Interrater reliability |
| ISTH | International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis |
| ITT | Intention to treat |
| KQ | Key Question |
| LAA | Left atrial appendage |
| LAAC | Left atrial appendage closure |
| LV | Left ventricular |
| LVEF | Left ventricular ejection fraction |
| LVH | Left ventricular hypertrophy |
| LVS | Left ventricular systolic |
| LVSD | Left ventricular systolic dysfunction |
| mg | Milligram |
| MI | Myocardial infarction |
| mL/min | Milliliter per minute |
| MMSE | Mini-Mental State Examination |
| MR | Mitral regurgitation |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| MV | Mitral valve |
| NDA | Nondedicated Amplatzer |
| NMCR | Non-major clinically relevant |
| NNT | Number needed to treat |
| NR | Not reported |
| NVAF | Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation |
| NYHA | New York Heart Association |
| OAC | Oral anticoagulant |
| OR | Odds ratio |
| PAD | Peripheral artery disease |
| PCI | Percutaneous coronary intervention |
| PCORI | Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute |
| PE | Pulmonary embolism |
| PICOTS | Populations, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes, Timing, Settings |
| PFO | Patent foramen ovale |
| PLAATO | Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Transcatheter Occlusion |
| PREVAIL | Watchman LAA Closure Device in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Versus Long Term Warfarin Therapy (trial) |
| PROTECT-AF | Watchman Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (trial) |
| QOL | Quality of life |
| QUADAS-2 | Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
| RE-LY | Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (trial) |
| ROB | Risk of bias |
| ROCKET-AF | Rivaroxaban Once-daily, oral, direct factor Xa inhibition compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation |
| RR | Relative risk |
| SAT-Q | Satisfaction Questionnaire |
| SD | Standard deviation |
| SE | Standard error |
| SEC | Spontaneous echocardiographic contrast |
| SEE | Systemic embolic event |
| SOE | Strength of evidence |
| SR | Systematic review |
| SRF | Stable renal function |
| TE | Thromboembolic |
| TEE | Transesophageal echocardiography |
| TIA | Transient ischemic attack |
| TnC | Troponin C |
| TnI | Troponin I |
| TnT | Troponin T |
| TTE | Transthoracic echocardiography |
| TTE-LAWV | Transthoracic echocardiographic LAA wall velocity |
| TTR | Time in therapeutic range |
| VKA | Vitamin K antagonist |
| VSD | Ventricular septal defect |
| WRF | Worsening renal function |