U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

Lin SY, Erekosima N, Suarez-Cuervo C, et al. Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and/or Asthma: Comparative Effectiveness Review [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2013 Mar. (Comparative Effectiveness Reviews, No. 111.)

  • This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

Cover of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and/or Asthma: Comparative Effectiveness Review

Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and/or Asthma: Comparative Effectiveness Review [Internet].

Show details

References

1.
Nathan RA. The burden of allergic rhinitis. Allergy and asthma proceedings : the official journal of regional and state allergy societies. 2007;28(1):3–9. [PubMed: 17390749]
2.
Wright AL, Holberg CJ, Martinez FD, Halonen M, Morgan W, Taussig LM. Epidemiology of physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis in childhood. Pediatrics. 1994;94(6 Pt 1):895–901. [PubMed: 7971008]
3.
Min YG. The pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2010;2(2):65–76. [PMC free article: PMC2846743] [PubMed: 20358020]
4.
Brozek JL, Bousquet J, Baena-Cagnani CE, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines: 2010 revision. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2010;126(3):466–476. [PubMed: 20816182]
5.
Fanta CH. Asthma. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(10):1002–1014. [PubMed: 19264689]
6.
EPR. Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR-3): Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma-Summary Report 2007. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2007;120(5 Suppl):S94–138. [PubMed: 17983880]
7.
Gergen PJ, Arbes SJ Jr, Calatroni A, Mitchell HE, Zeldin DC. Total IgE levels and asthma prevalence in the US population: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2006. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2009;124(3):447–453. [PMC free article: PMC2758573] [PubMed: 19647861]
8.
Skoner DP, Rachelefsky GS, Meltzer EO, et al. Detection of growth suppression in children during treatment with intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate. Pediatrics. 2000;105(2):E23. [PubMed: 10654983]
9.
Meltzer EO. Performance effects of antihistamines. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1990;86(4 Pt 2):613–619. [PubMed: 2229823]
10.
Cazzola M, Matera MG. Safety of long-acting beta2-agonists in the treatment of asthma. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2007;1(1):35–46. [PubMed: 19124346]
11.
Ducharme FM, Lasserson TJ, Cates CJ. Long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(4):CD003137. [PubMed: 17054161]
12.
Bousquet J, Lockey R, Malling HJ. Allergen immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. A WHO position paper. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1998;102(4 Pt 1):558–562. [PubMed: 9802362]
13.
Passalacqua G, Compalati E, Canonica GW. Advances in allergen-specific immunotherapy. Curr Drug Targets. 2009;10(12):1255–1262. [PubMed: 19909232]
14.
Norman PS, Van Metre TE Jr. The safety of allergenic immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1990;85(2):522–525. [PubMed: 2303651]
15.
Bernstein DI, Epstein T, Murphy-Berendts K, Liss GM. Surveillance of systemic reactions to subcutaneous immunotherapy injections: year 1 outcomes of the ACAAI and AAAAI collaborative study. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2010;104(6):530–535. [PMC free article: PMC8246419] [PubMed: 20568387]
16.
Stewart GE 2nd, Lockey RF. Systemic reactions from allergen immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1992;90(4 Pt 1):567–578. [PubMed: 1401640]
17.
Noon L. Prophylactic inoculation against hay fever. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1953;4(4):285–288. [PubMed: 13096152]
18.
Durham SR. Mechanisms of immunotherapy. Drugs Today (Barc). 2008;44(Suppl B):93–94. [PubMed: 19221630]
19.
Adkinson NF Jr. Desensitization for drug hypersensitivity. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2008;122(3):581–582. [PubMed: 18774393]
20.
Sabin BR, Saltoun CA, Avila PC. Advances in upper airway diseases and allergen immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2011;127(2):342–350. [PubMed: 21281864]
21.
O’Mahony L, Akdis M, Crameri R, Akdis CA. Novel immunotherapeutic approaches for allergy and asthma. Autoimmunity. 2010;43(7):493–503. [PubMed: 20380589]
22.
Lichtenstein LM, Norman PS, Winkenwerder WL. A single year of immunotherapy for ragweed hay fever. Immunologic and clinical studies. Ann Intern Med. 1971;75(5):663–671. [PubMed: 4107763]
23.
Frew AJ. Allergen immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2010;125(2 Suppl 2):S306–313. [PubMed: 20176266]
24.
Creticos PS. Immunotherapy with allergens. JAMA. 1992;268(20):2834–2839. [PubMed: 1433698]
25.
Broide DH. Immunomodulation of allergic disease. Annu Rev Med. 2009;60:279–291. [PMC free article: PMC2779001] [PubMed: 19630573]
26.
Canonica GW, Bousquet J, Casale T, et al. Sub-lingual immunotherapy: World Allergy Organization Position Paper 2009. Allergy. 2009;64(Suppl 91):1–59. [PubMed: 20041860]
27.
Radulovic S, Calderon MA, Wilson D, Durham S. Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(12):CD002893. [PMC free article: PMC7001038] [PubMed: 21154351]
28.
Abramson MJ, Puy RM, Weiner JM. Injection allergen immunotherapy for asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(8):CD001186. [PubMed: 20687065]
29.
Altman D, Antes G, Gøtzsche P, et al. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of i, ed Assessing risk of bias in included studies Vol Version 5.0.2. London, England: The Cochrane Collaboration; 2009. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews.
30.
Atkins D, Best D, Briss PA, et al. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2004;328(7454):1490. [PMC free article: PMC428525] [PubMed: 15205295]
31.
Owens DK, Lohr KN, Atkins D, et al. AHRQ series paper 5: grading the strength of a body of evidence when comparing medical interventions--agency for healthcare research and quality and the effective health-care program. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 2010;63(5):513–523. [PubMed: 19595577]
32.
Franklin W, Lowell FC. Comparison of two dosages of ragweed extract in the treatment of pollenosis. JAMA. 1967;201(12):915–917. [PubMed: 4862214]
33.
Naclerio RM, Proud D, Moylan B, et al. A double-blind study of the discontinuation of ragweed immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1997;100(3):293–300. [PubMed: 9314339]
34.
Khinchi MS, Poulsen LK, Carat F, Andre C, Hansen AB, Malling HJ. Clinical efficacy of sublingual and subcutaneous birch pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy study. Allergy. 2004;59(1):45–53. [PubMed: 14674933]
35.
Mungan D, Misirligil Z, Gurbuz L. Comparison of the efficacy of subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy in mite-sensitive patients with rhinitis and asthma--a placebo controlled study. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 1999;82(5):485–490. [PubMed: 10353581]
36.
Yukselen A, Kendirli SG, Yilmaz M, Altintas DU, Karakoc GB. Effect of One-Year Subcutaneous and Sublingual Immunotherapy on Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in Children with Rhinitis and Asthma: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Study. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 2011;157(3):288–298. [PubMed: 22041501]
37.
Klimek L, Wolf H, Mewes T, et al. The effect of short-term immunotherapy with molecular standardized grass and rye allergens on eosinophil cationic protein and tryptase in nasal secretions. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1999;103(1 Pt 1):47–53. [PubMed: 9893184]
38.
Tabar AI, Echechipia S, Garcia BE, et al. Double-blind comparative study of cluster and conventional immunotherapy schedules with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2005;116(1):109–118. [PubMed: 15990782]
39.
Ariano R, Berto P, Tracci D, Incorvaia C, Frati F. Pharmacoeconomics of allergen immunotherapy compared with symptomatic drug treatment in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma. Allergy and asthma proceedings : the official journal of regional and state allergy societies. 2006;27(2):159–163. [PubMed: 16724637]
40.
Cantani A, Arcese G, Lucenti P, Gagliesi D, Bartolucci M. A three-year prospective study of specific immunotherapy to inhalant allergens: evidence of safety and efficacy in 300 children with allergic asthma. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1997;7(2):90–97. [PubMed: 9161933]
41.
Garcia-Ortega P, Merelo A, Marrugat J, Richart C. Decrease of skin and bronchial sensitization following short-intensive scheduled immunotherapy in mite-allergic asthma. Chest. 1993;103(1):183–187. [PubMed: 8417875]
42.
Rak S, Heinrich C, Jacobsen L, Scheynius A, Venge P. A double-blinded, comparative study of the effects of short preseason specific immunotherapy and topical steroids in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2001;108(6):921–928. [PubMed: 11742269]
43.
D’Ambrosio FP, Ricciardi L, Isola S, et al. Rush sublingual immunotherapy in Parietaria allergic patients. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1996;24(4):146–151. [PubMed: 8939269]
44.
Marogna M, Spadolini I, Massolo A, et al. Long-term comparison of sublingual immunotherapy vs inhaled budesonide in patients with mild persistent asthma due to grass pollen. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2009;102(1):69–75. [PubMed: 19205289]
45.
Marogna M, Colombo F, Spadolini I, et al. Randomized open comparison of montelukast and sublingual immunotherapy as add-on treatment in moderate persistent asthma due to birch pollen. Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology : official organ of the International Association of Asthmology (INTERASMA) and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Alergia e Inmunología. 2010;(2):146–152. http://www​.mrw.interscience​.wiley.com/cochrane​/clcentral/articles​/993/CN-00751993/frame.html. [PubMed: 20461969]
46.
Keles S, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Ozen A, et al. A novel approach in allergen-specific immunotherapy: combination of sublingual and subcutaneous routes. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2011 Oct;128(4):808–815. e807. [PubMed: 21641635]
47.
Balk EM, Chung M, Hadar N, et al. Accuracy of Data Extraction of Non-English Language Trials with Google Translate. Rockville MD. :2012. [PubMed: 22624170]
48.
Creticos PS, Reed CE, Norman PS, et al. Ragweed immunotherapy in adult asthma. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(8):501–506. [PubMed: 8559203]
49.
Hill DJ, Hosking CS, Shelton MJ, Turner MW. Failure of hyposensitisation in treatment of children with grass-pollen asthma. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1982;284(6312):306–309. [PMC free article: PMC1495893] [PubMed: 6800440]
50.
Altintas D, Akmanlar N, Guneser S, et al. Comparison between the use of adsorbed and aqueous immunotherapy material in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus sensitive asthmatic children. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1999;27(6):309–317. [PubMed: 10611556]
51.
Bousquet J, Calvayrac P, Guerin B, et al. Immunotherapy with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract. I. In vivo and in vitro parameters after a short course of treatment. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1985;76(5):734–744. [PubMed: 4056259]
52.
Bousquet J, Hejjaoui A, Clauzel AM, et al. Specific immunotherapy with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract. II. Prediction of efficacy of immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1988;82(6):971–977. [PubMed: 3204255]
53.
Pifferi M, Baldini G, Marrazzini G, et al. Benefits of immunotherapy with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract in asthmatic children: a three-year prospective study. Allergy. 2002;57(9):785–790. [PubMed: 12169173]
54.
Van Bever HP, Stevens WJ. Effect of hyposensitization upon the immediate and late asthmatic reaction and upon histamine reactivity in patients allergic to house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus). Eur Respir J. 1992;5(3):318–322. [PubMed: 1572445]
55.
Van Bever HP, Stevens WJ. Evolution of the late asthmatic reaction during immunotherapy and after stopping immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1990;86(2):141–146. [PubMed: 2384645]
56.
Wang H, Lin X, Hao C, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of house dust mite immunotherapy in Chinese asthmatic patients. Allergy. 2006;61(2):191–197. [PubMed: 16409195]
57.
Schubert R, Eickmeier O, Garn H, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a cluster specific immunotherapy in children with bronchial asthma and mite allergy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2009;148(3):251–260. [PubMed: 18849616]
58.
Kohno Y, Minoguchi K, Oda N, et al. Effect of rush immunotherapy on airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness after bronchoprovocation with allergen in asthma. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1998;102(6 Pt 1):927–934. [PubMed: 9847433]
59.
Maestrelli P, Zanolla L, Pozzan M, Fabbri LM. Effect of specific immunotherapy added to pharmacologic treatment and allergen avoidance in asthmatic patients allergic to house dust mite. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2004;113(4):643–649. [PubMed: 15100667]
60.
Olsen OT, Larsen KR, Jacobsan L, Svendsen UG. A 1-year, placebo-controlled, double-blind house-dust-mite immunotherapy study in asthmatic adults. Allergy. 1997;52(8):853–859. [PubMed: 9284985]
61.
Ohman JL Jr, Findlay SR, Leitermann KM. Immunotherapy in cat-induced asthma. Double-blind trial with evaluation of in vivo and in vitro responses. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1984;74(3 Pt 1):230–239. [PubMed: 6206105]
62.
Van Metre TE Jr, Marsh DG, Adkinson NF Jr, et al. Immunotherapy for cat asthma. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1988;82(6):1055–1068. [PubMed: 2462581]
63.
Valovirta E, Viander M, Koivikko A, Vanto T, Ingeman L. Immunotherapy in allergy to dog. Immunologic and clinical findings of a double-blind study. Ann Allergy. 1986;57(3):173–179. [PubMed: 3752618]
64.
Malling HJ. Diagnosis and immunotherapy of mould allergy. IV. Relation between asthma symptoms, spore counts and diagnostic tests. Allergy. 1986;41(5):342–350. [PubMed: 2429577]
65.
Adkinson NF Jr, Eggleston PA, Eney D, et al. A controlled trial of immunotherapy for asthma in allergic children. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(5):324–331. [PubMed: 9011784]
66.
Polosa R, Li Gotti F, Mangano G, et al. Effect of immunotherapy on asthma progression, BHR and sputum eosinophils in allergic rhinitis. Allergy. 2004;59(11):1224–1228. [PubMed: 15461606]
67.
Van Metre TE, Adkinson NF Jr, Amodio FJ, et al. A comparative study of the effectiveness of the Rinkel method and the current standard method of immunotherapy for ragweed pollen hay fever. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1980;66(6):500–513. [PubMed: 6159384]
68.
Van Metre TE Jr, Adkinson NF Jr, Amodio FJ, et al. A comparison of immunotherapy schedules for injection treatment of ragweed pollen hay fever. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1982;69(2):181–193. [PubMed: 7056949]
69.
Ariano R, Panzani RC, Augeri G. Double-blind placebo controlled specific immunotherapy with mixed Cupressaceae taxodiaceae pollens in respiratory allergy to Cupressus sempervirens. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1997 Jan–Feb;25(1):23–29. [PubMed: 9111873]
70.
Durham SR, Walker SM, Varga EM, et al. Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(7):468–475. [PubMed: 10441602]
71.
Reid MJ, Moss RB, Hsu YP, Kwasnicki JM, Commerford TM, Nelson BL. Seasonal asthma in northern California: allergic causes and efficacy of immunotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1986;78(4 Pt 1):590–600. [PubMed: 3771951]
72.
Guimaraes Junqueir de Queiros M, Oliveira Silva DA, Alves R, et al. Mite-specific immunotherapy using allergen and/or bacterial extracts in atopic patients in Brazil. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2008;18(2):84–92. [PubMed: 18447136]
73.
McHugh SM, Lavelle B, Kemeny DM, Patel S, Ewan PW. A placebo-controlled trial of immunotherapy with two extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in allergic rhinitis, comparing clinical outcome with changes in antigen-specific IgE, IgG, and IgG subclasses. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1990;86(4 Pt 1):521–531. [PubMed: 1699985]
74.
Nanda A, O’Connor M, Anand M, et al. Dose dependence and time course of the immunologic response to administration of standardized cat allergen extract. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2004 Dec;114(6):1339–1344. [PubMed: 15577832]
75.
Crimi N, Li Gotti F, Mangano G, et al. A randomized, controlled study of specific immunotherapy in monosensitized subjects with seasonal rhinitis: effect on bronchial hyperresponsiveness, sputum inflammatory markers and development of asthma symptoms. Ann Ital Med Int. 2004;19(2):98–108. [PubMed: 15317270]
76.
Bernstein IL, Tennenbaum J, Georgakis N, Kessler F, Krumholz R. Fraction A: a new immunotherapeutic approach for ragweed pollinosis. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1976;50(2):181–191. [PubMed: 1107233]
77.
Varney VA, Gaga M, Frew AJ, Aber VR, Kay AB, Durham SR. Usefulness of immunotherapy in patients with severe summer hay fever uncontrolled by antiallergic drugs. BMJ. 1991;302(6771):265–269. [PMC free article: PMC1668945] [PubMed: 1998791]
78.
James LK, Shamji MH, Walker SM, et al. Long-term tolerance after allergen immunotherapy is accompanied by selective persistence of blocking antibodies. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2011;(2):509–516. e501–505. http://www​.mrw.interscience​.wiley.com/cochrane​/clcentral/articles​/484/CN-00778484/frame.html. [PubMed: 21281875]
79.
Walker SM, Pajno GB, Lima MT, Wilson DR, Durham SR. Grass pollen immunotherapy for seasonal rhinitis and asthma: a randomized, controlled trial. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2001;107(1):87–93. [PubMed: 11149996]
80.
Shamji MH, Ljorring C, Francis JN, et al. Functional rather than immunoreactive levels of IgG4 correlate closely with clinical response to grass pollen immunotherapy. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2012;67(2):217–226. [PubMed: 22077562]
81.
Frew AJ, Powell RJ, Corrigan CJ, Durham SR. Efficacy and safety of specific immunotherapy with SQ allergen extract in treatment-resistant seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2006;117(2):319–325. [PubMed: 16461133]
82.
Frostad AB, Grimmer O, Sandvik L, Moxnes A, Aas K. Clinical effects of hyposensitization using a purified allergen preparation from Timothy pollen as compared to crude aqueous extracts from Timothy pollen and a four-grass pollen mixture respectively. Clin Allergy. 1983;13(4):337–357. [PubMed: 6136346]
83.
Leynadier F, Banoun L, Dollois B, et al. Immunotherapy with a calcium phosphate-adsorbed five-grass-pollen extract in seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Exp Allergy. 2001;31(7):988–996. [PubMed: 11467988]
84.
Moller C, Dreborg S, Ferdousi HA, et al. Pollen immunotherapy reduces the development of asthma in children with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis (the PAT-study). The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2002;109(2):251–256. [PubMed: 11842293]
85.
Olsen OT, Frolund L, Heinig J, Jacobsen L, Svendsen UG. A double-blind, randomized study investigating the efficacy and specificity of immunotherapy with Artemisia vulgaris or Phleum pratense/betula verrucosa. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1995;23(2):73–78. [PubMed: 8526170]
86.
Zenner HP, Baumgarten C, Rasp G, et al. Short-term immunotherapy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study of molecular standardized grass and rye allergens in patients with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1997;100(1):23–29. [PubMed: 9257783]
87.
Dreborg S, Lee TH, Kay AB, Durham SR. Immunotherapy Is Allergen-Specific: A Double-Blind Trial of Mite or Timothy Extract in Mite and Grass Dual-Allergic Patients. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 2011;158(1):63–70. [PubMed: 22212720]
88.
Ferrer M, Burches E, Pelaez A, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of immunotherapy with Parietaria judaica: clinical efficacy and tolerance. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2005;15(4):283–292. [PubMed: 16433210]
89.
Arvidsson MB, Lowhagen O, Rak S. Allergen specific immunotherapy attenuates early and late phase reactions in lower airways of birch pollen asthmatic patients: a double blind placebo-controlled study. Allergy. 2004;59(1):74–80. [PubMed: 14674937]
90.
Muro MD, Tabar AI, Lizaso MT, Quirce S, Polo F, Garcia BE. Cluster versus conventional immunotherapy in patients allergic to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus: a controlled study of in vivo and in vitro parameters. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1999;9(3):146–154. [PubMed: 10412676]
91.
Newton DA, Maberley DJ, Wilson R. House dust mite hyposensitization. Br J Dis Chest. 1978;72(1):21–28. [PubMed: 341952]
92.
Munoz Lejarazu D, Bernaola G, Fernandez E, et al. Seasonal versus perennial immunotherapy: evaluation after three years of treatment. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1993;3(4):210–216. [PubMed: 8281355]
93.
Petersen BN, Janniche H, Munch EP, et al. Immunotherapy with partially purified and standardized tree pollen extracts. I. Clinical results from a three-year double-blind study of patients treated with pollen extracts either of birch or combinations of alder, birch and hazel. Allergy. 1988;43(5):353–362. [PubMed: 3046405]
94.
Prieto L, Palacios R, Aldana D, et al. Effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy with purified Alt a1 on AMP responsiveness, exhaled nitric oxide and exhaled breath condensate pH: a randomized double blind study. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2010;6(1):27. [PMC free article: PMC2949816] [PubMed: 20846390]
95.
Horst M, Hejjaoui A, Horst V, Michel FB, Bousquet J. Double-blind, placebo-controlled rush immunotherapy with a standardized Alternaria extract. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1990;85(2):460–472. [PubMed: 2406323]
96.
Tabar AI, Lizaso MT, Garcia BE, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of Alternaria alternata immunotherapy: clinical efficacy and safety. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2008;19(1):67–75. [PubMed: 17651380]
97.
Akmanlar N, Altintas DU, Guneser KS, Yilmaz M, Bingol G. Comparison of conventional and rush immunotherapy with der PI in childhood respiratory allergy. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2000;28(4):213–218. [PubMed: 11022267]
98.
Pichler CE, Marquardsen A, Sparholt S, et al. Specific immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae results in decreased bronchial hyperreactivity. Allergy. 1997;52(3):274–283. [PubMed: 9140517]
99.
Varney VA, Tabbah K, Mavroleon G, Frew AJ. Usefulness of specific immunotherapy in patients with severe perennial allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mite: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003;33(8):1076–1082. [PubMed: 12911781]
100.
Hedlin G, Wille S, Browaldh L, et al. Immunotherapy in children with allergic asthma: effect on bronchial hyperreactivity and pharmacotherapy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1999;103(4):609–614. [PubMed: 10200009]
101.
Nouri-Aria KT, Wachholz PA, Francis JN, et al. Grass pollen immunotherapy induces mucosal and peripheral IL-10 responses and blocking IgG activity. J Immunol. 2004;172(5):3252–3259. [PubMed: 14978133]
102.
Mirone C, Albert F, Tosi A, et al. Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous immunotherapy with a biologically standardized extract of Ambrosia artemisiifolia pollen: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Exp Allergy. 2004;34(9):1408–1414. [PubMed: 15347374]
103.
Osterballe O. Immunotherapy with grass pollen major allergens. Allergy. 1982;37(6):379–388. [PubMed: 7137533]
104.
Pence HL, Mitchell DQ, Greely RL, Updegraff BR, Selfridge HA. Immunotherapy for mountain cedar pollinosis. A double-blind controlled study. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1976;58(1 PT 1):39–50. [PubMed: 780406]
105.
Weyer A, Donat N, L’Heritier C, et al. Grass pollen hyposensitization versus placebo therapy. I. Clinical effectiveness and methodological aspects of a pre-seasonal course of desensitization with a four-grass pollen extract. Allergy. 1981;36(5):309–317. [PubMed: 7032341]
106.
Bousquet J, Becker WM, Hejjaoui A, et al. Differences in clinical and immunologic reactivity of patients allergic to grass pollens and to multiple-pollen species. II. Efficacy of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, specific immunotherapy with standardized extracts. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1991;88(1):43–53. [PubMed: 2071784]
107.
Chakraborty P, Roy I, Chatterjee S, Chanda S, Gupta-Bharracharya S. Phoenix sylvestris Roxb pollen allergy: a 2-year randomized controlled trial and follow-up study of immunotherapy in patients with seasonal allergy in an agricultural area of West Bengal, India. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(6):377–384. [PubMed: 17153886]
108.
Dolz I, Martinez-Cocera C, Bartolome JM, Cimarra M. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of immunotherapy with grass-pollen extract Alutard SQ during a 3-year period with initial rush immunotherapy. Allergy. 1996;51(7):489–500. [PubMed: 8863926]
109.
Alvarez-Cuesta E, Cuesta-Herranz J, Puyana-Ruiz J, Cuesta-Herranz C, Blanco-Quiros A. Monoclonal antibody-standardized cat extract immunotherapy: risk-benefit effects from a double-blind placebo study. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1994;93(3):556–566. [PubMed: 8151058]
110.
Varney VA, Edwards J, Tabbah K, Brewster H, Mavroleon G, Frew AJ. Clinical efficacy of specific immunotherapy to cat dander: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy. 1997;27(8):860–867. [PubMed: 9291281]
111.
Dreborg S, Agrell B, Foucard T, Kjellman NI, Koivikko A, Nilsson S. A double-blind, multicenter immunotherapy trial in children, using a purified and standardized Cladosporium herbarum preparation. I. Clinical results. Allergy. 1986;41(2):131–140. [PubMed: 3518526]
112.
Kuna P, Kaczmarek J, Kupczyk M. Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for allergies to Alternaria alternata in children. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2011;(2):502–508. e501–506. http://www​.mrw.interscience​.wiley.com/cochrane​/clcentral/articles​/485/CN-00778485/frame.html. [PubMed: 21281874]
113.
Tabar AI, Arroabarren E, Echechipia S, Garcia BE, Martin S, Alvarez-Puebla MJ. Three years of specific immunotherapy may be sufficient in house dust mite respiratory allergy. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2011;127(1):57–63. e53. [PubMed: 21211641]
114.
Crimi P, Minale P, Tazzer C, Zanardi S, Ciprandi G. Asthma and rhinitis in schoolchildren: the impact of allergic sensitization to aeroallergens. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2001;11(2):103–106. [PubMed: 11642567]
115.
Niggemann B, Jacobsen L, Dreborg S, et al. Five-year follow-up on the PAT study: specific immunotherapy and long-term prevention of asthma in children. Allergy. 2006;61(7):855–859. [PubMed: 16792584]
116.
Jacobsen L, Niggemann B, Dreborg S, et al. Specific immunotherapy has long-term preventive effect of seasonal and perennial asthma: 10-year follow-up on the PAT study. Allergy. 2007;62(8):943–948. [PubMed: 17620073]
117.
Pajno GB, Morabito L, Barberio G, Parmiani S. Clinical and immunologic effects of long-term sublingual immunotherapy in asthmatic children sensitized to mites: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Allergy. 2000;55(9):842–849. [PubMed: 11003448]
118.
Nelson HS, Oppenheimer J, Vatsia GA, Buchmeier A. A double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of sublingual immunotherapy with standardized cat extract. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1993;92(2):229–236. [PubMed: 8349933]
119.
Stelmach I, Kaczmarek-Wozniak J, Majak P, Olszowiec-Chlebna M, Jerzynska J. Efficacy and safety of high-doses sublingual immunotherapy in ultra-rush scheme in children allergic to grass pollen. Clin Exp Allergy. 2009;39(3):401–408. [PubMed: 19134016]
120.
Lue KH, Lin YH, Sun HL, Lu KH, Hsieh JC, Chou MC. Clinical and immunologic effects of sublingual immunotherapy in asthmatic children sensitized to mites: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006;17(6):408–415. [PubMed: 16925685]
121.
Niu CK, Chen WY, Huang JL, Lue KH, Wang JY. Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with high-dose mite extracts in asthma: a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study in Taiwan. Respir Med. 2006;100(8):1374–1383. [PubMed: 16403616]
122.
Sambugaro R, Puccinelli P, Burastero SE, Di Rienzo V. The efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy is not affected by different dosage regimens in the induction phase. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2003;31(6):329–337. [PubMed: 14670288]
123.
Cortellini G, Spadolini I, Patella V, et al. Sublingual immunotherapy for Alternaria-induced allergic rhinitis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2010;(5):382–386. http://www​.mrw.interscience​.wiley.com/cochrane​/clcentral/articles​/732/CN-00770732/frame.html. [PubMed: 21055665]
124.
Purello-D’Ambrosio F, Gangemi S, Isola S, et al. Sublingual immunotherapy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with Parietaria judaica extract standardized in mass units in patients with rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, or both. Allergy. 1999 Sep;54(9):968–973. [PubMed: 10505460]
125.
Hordijk GJ, Antvelink JB, Luwema RA. Sublingual immunotherapy with a standardised grass pollen extract; a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1998;26(5):234–240. [PubMed: 9885731]
126.
Horiguchi S, Okamoto Y, Yonekura S, et al. A randomized controlled trial of sublingual immunotherapy for Japanese cedar pollinosis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2008;146(1):76–84. [PubMed: 18087165]
127.
Okubo K, Gotoh M, Fujieda S, et al. A randomized double-blind comparative study of sublingual immunotherapy for cedar pollinosis. Allergol Int. 2008;57(3):265–275. [PubMed: 18566549]
128.
Fujimura T, Yonekura S, Horiguchi S, et al. Increase of regulatory T cells and the ratio of specific IgE to total IgE are candidates for response monitoring or prognostic biomarkers in 2-year sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for Japanese cedar pollinosis. Clin Immunol. 2011 Apr;139(1):65–74. [PubMed: 21300571]
129.
Tahamiler R, Saritzali G, Canakcioglu S. Long-term efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with perennial rhinitis. Laryngoscope. 2007;117(6):965–969. [PubMed: 17545861]
130.
Tseng SH, Fu LS, Nong BR, Weng JD, Shyur SD. Changes in serum specific IgG4 and IgG4/IgE ratio in mite-sensitized Taiwanese children with allergic rhinitis receiving short-term sublingual-swallow immunotherapy: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2008;26(2–3):105–112. [PubMed: 19054928]
131.
de Bot CM, Moed H, Berger MY, et al. Sublingual immunotherapy not effective in house dust mite-allergic children in primary care. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011 Oct 21 [PubMed: 22017365]
132.
Bowen T, Greenbaum J, Charbonneau Y, et al. Canadian trial of sublingual swallow immunotherapy for ragweed rhinoconjunctivitis. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2004;93(5):425–430. [PubMed: 15562880]
133.
Skoner D, Gentile D, Bush R, Fasano MB, McLaughlin A, Esch RE. Sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis caused by ragweed pollen. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2010;125(3):660–666. 666.e661–666.e664. [PubMed: 20153030]
134.
Di Rienzo V, Pucci S, D’Alo S, et al. Effects of high-dose sublingual immunotherapy on quality of life in patients with cypress-induced rhinitis: A placebo-controlled study. Clinical and Experimental Allergy Reviews. 2006
135.
Makino Y, Noguchi E, Takahashi N, et al. Apolipoprotein A-IV is a candidate target molecule for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2010 [PubMed: 20810159]
136.
Horak F, Stubner P, Berger UE, Marks B, Toth J, Jager S. Immunotherapy with sublingual birch pollen extract. A short-term double-blind placebo study. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1998 May–Jun;8(3):165–171. [PubMed: 9684190]
137.
Lima MT, Wilson D, Pitkin L, et al. Grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy for seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy. 2002;32(4):507–514. [PubMed: 11972594]
138.
Novembre E, Galli E, Landi F, et al. Coseasonal sublingual immunotherapy reduces the development of asthma in children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2004;114(4):851–857. [PubMed: 15480326]
139.
Ott H, Sieber J, Brehler R, et al. Efficacy of grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy for three consecutive seasons and after cessation of treatment: the ECRIT study. Allergy. 2009;64(9):1394–1401. [PubMed: 19764942]
140.
Panzner P, Petras M, Sykora T, Lesna I. Double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of grass pollen specific immunotherapy with oral drops administered sublingually or supralingually. Respir Med. 2008;102(9):1296–1304. [PubMed: 18585908]
141.
Roder E, Berger MY, Hop WC, Bernsen RM, de Groot H, Gerth van Wijk R. Sublingual immunotherapy with grass pollen is not effective in symptomatic youngsters in primary care. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2007;119(4):892–898. [PubMed: 17321581]
142.
Sabbah A, Hassoun S, Le Sellin J, Andre C, Sicard H. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial by the sublingual route of immunotherapy with a standardized grass pollen extract. Allergy. 1994;49(5):309–313. [PubMed: 8092425]
143.
Voltolini S, Modena P, Minale P, et al. Sublingual immunotherapy in tree pollen allergy. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study with a biologically standardised extract of three pollens (alder, birch and hazel) administered by a rush schedule. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2001 Jul–Aug;29(4):103–110. [PubMed: 11674922]
144.
La Rosa M, Ranno C, Andre C, Carat F, Tosca MA, Canonica GW. Double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of sublingual-swallow immunotherapy with standardized Parietaria judaica extract in children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1999;104(2 Pt 1):425–432. [PubMed: 10452766]
145.
Marogna M, Spadolini I, Massolo A, Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Randomized controlled open study of sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy in real-life: clinical efficacy and more. Allergy. 2004;59(11):1205–1210. [PubMed: 15461603]
146.
Marogna M, Spadolini I, Massolo A, Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Clinical, functional, and immunologic effects of sublingual immunotherapy in birch pollinosis: a 3-year randomized controlled study. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2005;115(6):1184–1188. [PubMed: 15940132]
147.
Marogna M, Spadolini I, Massolo A, et al. Effects of sublingual immunotherapy for multiple or single allergens in polysensitized patients. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2007;98(3):274–280. [PubMed: 17378260]
148.
Marogna M, Tomassetti D, Bernasconi A, et al. Preventive effects of sublingual immunotherapy in childhood: an open randomized controlled study. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2008;101(2):206–211. [PubMed: 18727478]
149.
Marogna M, Spadolini I, Massolo A, Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Long-lasting effects of sublingual immunotherapy according to its duration: A 15-year prospective study. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2010;126(5):969–975. [PubMed: 20934206]
150.
Voltolini S, Troise C, Incorvaia C, et al. Effectiveness of high dose sublingual immunotherapy to induce a stepdown of seasonal asthma: a pilot study. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26(1):37–40. [PubMed: 19895362]
151.
Amar SM, Harbeck RJ, Sills M, Silveira LJ, O’Brien H, Nelson HS. Response to sublingual immunotherapy with grass pollen extract: monotherapy versus combination in a multiallergen extract. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2009;124(1):150–156. e151–155. [PubMed: 19523672]
152.
Stelmach I, Kaluzinska-Parzyszek I, Jerzynska J, Stelmach P, Stelmach W, Majak P. Comparative effect of pre-coseasonal and continuous grass sublingual immunotherapy in children. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2011 [PubMed: 22142341]
153.
Moreno-Ancillo A, Moreno C, Ojeda P, et al. Efficacy and quality of life with once-daily sublingual immunotherapy with grasses plus olive pollen extract without updosing. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2007;17(6):399–405. [PubMed: 18088023]
154.
Hirsch T, Sahn M, Leupold W. Double-blind placebo-controlled study of sublingual immunotherapy with house dust mite extract (D.pt.) in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1997;8(1):21–27. [PubMed: 9260215]
155.
O’Hehir RE, Gardner LM, de Leon MP, et al. House dust mite sublingual immunotherapy: the role for transforming growth factor-beta and functional regulatory T cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;180(10):936–947. [PubMed: 19696440]
156.
Bush RK, Swenson C, Fahlberg B, et al. House dust mite sublingual immunotherapy: results of a US trial. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2011;(4):974–981. e971–977. http://www​.mrw.interscience​.wiley.com/cochrane​/clcentral/articles​/321/CN-00787321/frame.html. [PubMed: 21333346]
157.
Tari MG, Mancino M, Monti G. Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with rhinitis and asthma due to house dust mite. A double-blind study. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990;18(5):277–284. [PubMed: 2097894]
158.
Bahceciler NN, Isik U, Barlan IB, Basaran MM. Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in children with asthma and rhinitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2001;32(1):49–55. [PubMed: 11416876]
159.
Guez S, Vatrinet C, Fadel R, Andre C. House-dust-mite sublingual-swallow immunotherapy (SLIT) in perennial rhinitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Allergy. 2000;55(4):369–375. [PubMed: 10782522]
160.
Pajno GB, Vita D, Feliciotto R, Neri M, Barberio G. Impact of sublingual immunotherapy on seasonal asthma of allergic children to parietaria pollen treated with inhaled fluticasone propionate. Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunolgy. 2003 [abstract] [PubMed: 14656349]
161.
Passalacqua G, Albano M, Riccio A, et al. Clinical and immunologic effects of a rush sublingual immunotherapy to Parietaria species: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1999;104(5):964–968. [PubMed: 10550740]
162.
Vervloet D, Birnbaum J, Laurent P, et al. Safety and efficacy of Juniperus ashei sublingual-swallow ultra-rush pollen immunotherapy in cypress rhinoconjunctivitis. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2007;142(3):239–246. [PubMed: 17114889]
163.
Vourdas D, Syrigou E, Potamianou P, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of sublingual immunotherapy with standardized olive pollen extract in pediatric patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and mild asthma due to olive pollen sensitization. Allergy. 1998;53(7):662–672. [PubMed: 9700035]
164.
Pajno GB, Caminiti L, Crisafulli G, et al. Direct comparison between continuous and coseasonal regimen for sublingual immunotherapy in children with grass allergy: A randomized controlled study. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. 2011;22(8):803–807. [PubMed: 21929600]
165.
Feliziani V, Lattuada G, Parmiani S, Dall’Aglio PP. Safety and efficacy of sublingual rush immunotherapy with grass allergen extracts. A double blind study. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1995;23(5):224–230. [PubMed: 8526180]
166.
Pfaar O, Klimek L. Efficacy and safety of specific immunotherapy with a high-dose sublingual grass pollen preparation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2008;100(3):256–263. [PubMed: 18426146]
167.
Pradalier A, Basset D, Claudel A, et al. Sublingual-swallow immunotherapy (SLIT) with a standardized five-grass-pollen extract (drops and sublingual tablets) versus placebo in seasonal rhinitis. Allergy. 1999;54(8):819–828. [PubMed: 10485385]
168.
Valovirta E, Jacobsen L, Ljorring C, Koivikko A, Savolainen J. Clinical efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy with tree pollen extract in children. Allergy. 2006;61(10):1177–1183. [PubMed: 16942565]
169.
Pozzan M, Milani M. Efficacy of sublingual specific immunotherapy in patients with respiratory allergy to Alternaria alternata: a randomised, assessor-blinded, patient-reported outcome, controlled 3-year trial. Current medical research and opinion. 2010;(12):2801–2806. http://www​.mrw.interscience​.wiley.com/cochrane​/clcentral/articles​/836/CN-00770836/frame.html. [PubMed: 21050060]
170.
Alvarez-Cuesta E, Berges-Gimeno P, Gonzalez-Mancebo E, Fernandez-Caldas E, Cuesta-Herranz J, Casanovas M. Sublingual immunotherapy with a standardized cat dander extract: evaluation of efficacy in a double blind placebo controlled study. Allergy. 2007;62(7):810–817. [PubMed: 17573730]
171.
Ippoliti F, De Santis W, Volterrani A, et al. Immunomodulation during sublingual therapy in allergic children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2003;14(3):216–221. [PubMed: 12787302]
172.
Rodriguez F, Boquete M, Ibanez MD, de la Torre-Martinez F, Tabar AI. Once daily sublingual immunotherapy without updosing--A new treatment schedule. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2006;140(4):321–326. [PubMed: 16741368]
173.
Sieber J, Neis M, Brehler R, et al. Increasing long-term safety of seasonal grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy: The ECRIT study. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 2012;11(1):7–13. [PubMed: 21980934]
174.
de Blay F, Barnig C, Kanny G, et al. Sublingual-swallow immunotherapy with standardized 3-grass pollen extract: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2007;99(5):453–461. [PubMed: 18051216]
175.
Savolainen J, Jacobsen L, Valovirta E. Sublingual immunotherapy in children modulates allergen-induced in vitro expression of cytokine mRNA in PBMC. Allergy. 2006;61(10):1184–1190. [PubMed: 16942566]
176.
Troise C, Voltolini S, Canessa A, Pecora S, Negrini AC. Sublingual immunotherapy in Parietaria pollen-induced rhinitis: a double-blind study. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1995;5(1):25–30. [PubMed: 7551201]
177.
Piazza I, Bizzaro N. Humoral response to subcutaneous, oral, and nasal immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis due to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Ann Allergy. 1993;71(5):461–469. [PubMed: 7755664]
178.
Pajno GB, Passalacqua G, Vita D, Caminiti L, Parmiani S, Barberio G. Sublingual immunotherapy abrogates seasonal bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children with Parietaria-induced respiratory allergy: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy. 2004;59(8):883–887. [PubMed: 15230823]
179.
Leonardi S, Spicuzza L, La Rosa M. High-dose sublingual immunotherapy in children at 8-year follow-up. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2009;102(3):259–260. [PubMed: 19354077]
180.
Mauro M, Russello M, Incorvaia C, Gazzola GB, Di Cara G, Frati F. Comparison of efficacy, safety and immunologic effects of subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy in birch pollinosis: a randomized study. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;39(4):119–122. [PubMed: 17523385]
181.
Tahamiler R, Saritzali G, Canakcioglu S, Ozcora E, Dirican A. Comparison of the long-term efficacy of subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapies in perennial rhinitis. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2008;70(3):144–150. [PubMed: 18391573]
182.
Eifan A, Akkoc T, Yildiz A, et al. Clinical efficacy and immunological mechanisms of sublingual and subcutaneous specific immunotherapy in asthmatic/rhinitis children sensitised to house-dust-mite: an open randomised controlled study. Allergy. 2010 [PubMed: 20100188]
183.
Larenas-Linnemann DE. Sublingual immunotherapy: dosing in relation to clinical and immunological efficacy. Allergy and asthma proceedings : the official journal of regional and state allergy societies. 2008 Mar–Apr;29(2):130–139. [PubMed: 18430309]
184.
Calderon MA, Casale TB, Togias A, Bousquet J, Durham SR, Demoly P. Allergen-specific immunotherapy for respiratory allergies: from meta-analysis to registration and beyond. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2011;127(1):30–38. [PubMed: 20965551]
185.
Matricardi PM, Kuna P, Panetta V, Wahn U, Narkus A. Subcutaneous immunotherapy and pharmacotherapy in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a comparison based on meta-analyses. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2011;128(4):791–799. e796. [PubMed: 21620452]
186.
Calderon MA, Alves B, Jacobson M, Hurwitz B, Sheikh A, Durham S. Allergen injection immunotherapy for seasonal allergic rhinitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(1):CD001936. [PMC free article: PMC7017974] [PubMed: 17253469]
187.
Calderon MA, Penagos M, Sheikh A, Canonica GW, Durham SR. Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic conjunctivitis: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 2011;41(9):1263–1272. [PubMed: 21848759]
188.
Roder E, Berger MY, de Groot H, van Wijk RG. Immunotherapy in children and adolescents with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a systematic review. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2008;19(3):197–207. [PubMed: 18221463]
189.
Wilson DR, Torres LI, Durham SR. Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD002893. [PubMed: 12804442]
190.
Radulovic S, Wilson D, Calderon M, Durham S. Systematic reviews of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Allergy. 2011;66(6):740–752. [PubMed: 21443635]
191.
Calamita Z, Saconato H, Pela AB, Atallah AN. Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in asthma: systematic review of randomized-clinical trials using the Cochrane Collaboration method. Allergy. 2006;61(10):1162–1172. [PubMed: 16942563]
192.
Di Bona D, Plaia A, Scafidi V, Leto-Barone MS, Di Lorenzo G. Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with grass allergens for seasonal allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2010;126(3):558–566. [PubMed: 20674964]
193.
Senna G, Ridolo E, Calderon M, Lombardi C, Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Evidence of adherence to allergen-specific immunotherapy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;9(6):544–548. [PubMed: 19823080]
194.
Sopo SM, Macchiaiolo M, Zorzi G, Tripodi S. Sublingual immunotherapy in asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis; systematic review of paediatric literature. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89(7):620–624. [PMC free article: PMC1719990] [PubMed: 15210490]
195.
Penagos M, Passalacqua G, Compalati E, et al. Metaanalysis of the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic asthma in pediatric patients, 3 to 18 years of age. Chest. 2008;133(3):599–609. [PubMed: 17951626]
196.
Olaguibel JM, Alvarez Puebla MJ. Efficacy of sublingual allergen vaccination for respiratory allergy in children. Conclusions from one meta-analysis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2005;15(1):9–16. [PubMed: 15864877]
197.
Bousquet PJ, Demoly P, Passalacqua G, Canonica GW, Bousquet J. Immunotherapy: clinical trials--optimal trial and clinical outcomes. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;7(6):561–566. [PubMed: 17989535]
198.
Casale TB, Canonica GW, Bousquet J, et al. Recommendations for appropriate sublingual immunotherapy clinical trials. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2009;124(4):665–670. [PubMed: 19766297]
199.
Bousquet J, Schunemann HJ, Bousquet PJ, et al. How to design and evaluate randomized controlled trials in immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis: an ARIA-GA(2) LEN statement. Allergy. 2011 Jun;66(6):765–774. [PubMed: 21496059]
200.
Canonica GW, Baena-Cagnani CE, Bousquet J, et al. Recommendations for standardization of clinical trials with Allergen Specific Immunotherapy for respiratory allergy. A statement of a World Allergy Organization (WAO) taskforce. Allergy. 2007 Mar;62(3):317–324. [PubMed: 17298350]

Views

  • PubReader
  • Print View
  • Cite this Page
  • PDF version of this title (4.7M)

Recent Activity

Your browsing activity is empty.

Activity recording is turned off.

Turn recording back on

See more...