This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

JESSE A. BERLIN, Vice President, Epidemiology, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development

RICHARD BERMAN, President and CEO, LICAS

JAKO BURGERS, Senior Researcher, IQ healthcare, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre

MARJORIE FUNK, Professor, Yale School of Nursing

ALAN M. GARBER, Henry J. Kaiser, Jr. Professor and Professor of Medicine, Director, Center for Health Policy, Director, Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University

MARGUERITE A. KOSTER, Practice Leader, Technology Assessment and Guidelines Unit, Kaiser Permanente Southern California

GREG PAWLSON, Executive Vice President, National Committee for Quality Assurance

DAVID RANSOHOFF, Professor of Medicine, Clinical Professor of Epidemiology, Director, Clinical Research Curriculum (K30), University of North Carolina School of Medicine

CAROL SAKALA, Director of Programs, Childbirth Connection

VINCENZA SNOW, Medical Director, Vaccines, Specialty Care Medical Affairs, Pfizer, Inc.

SHOSHANNA SOFAER, Professor, and Robert P. Luciano Chair of Health Care Policy, Baruch College, The City University of New York

MARY E. TINETTI, Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Yale University School of Medicine

KATRIN UHLIG, Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center

JAMES WEINSTEIN, Director, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice; President, The Dartmouth-Hitchcock Clinic; Peggy Y. Thomson Professor in the Evaluative Clinical Sciences

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by ENRIQUETA C. BOND of the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, and MARK R. CULLEN of Stanford University. Appointed by the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine, they were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.