We would like to thank all of the NHS staff who participated in this research, for generously giving their time to be interviewed and for their willingness to have their work practice observed. We would also like to thank Heather Smith and Sue Ward, co-applicants who made important contributions to the study design and data analysis in the earlier phases of the study.
We are very grateful to the members of our Lay Research Group, Jamil Abdulkader, Eva Davison, Tina Frost and Basma Issa.
We thank our Study Steering Committee for the support and guidance given over the course of the project: Dr Tom Downes, Professor Joanne Greenhalgh, Manoj Mistry, Professor Catherine Pope, Professor Liz Sampson, Professor Nick Sevdalis, Professor Cath Taylor and Dr Julie Whitney.
Contributions of authors
Rebecca Randell (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5856-4912) (Professor in Digital Innovations in Healthcare, Use of HIT and Realist evaluation) was the principal investigator, led the design of the study, contributed to data collection and analysis, and is lead author of this report.
Lynn McVey (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2009-7682) (Research Fellow, Qualitative research) contributed to the realist review, undertook data collection, and was involved in the analysis and preparation of this report.
Judy Wright (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5239-0173) (Senior Information Specialist, Literature searching) was co-applicant, designed and undertook the searches for the realist review, and was involved in study design and preparation of this report.
Hadar Zaman (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-2822) (Head of School for Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Pharmacy) contributed to the realist review and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
V-Lin Cheong (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9938-1592) (Consultant Pharmacist Elderly and Interfaces of Care, Pharmacy) contributed to data collection and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
David M Woodcock (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3781-3246) (Lay member, Public and Patient Involvement) was co-applicant, lead the Lay Research Group, and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Frances Healey (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-3910) (Visiting Professor, Falls research) was co-applicant and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Dawn Dowding (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5672-8605) (Professor in Clinical Decision Making, Clinical decision making) was co-applicant and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Peter Gardner (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-0443) (Professor of Healthcare Quality and Safety, Human factors) was co-applicant and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Nicholas R Hardiker (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-5664) (Dean, Nursing Informatics) was co-applicant and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Alison Lynch (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-8341) (Group Deputy Chief Nurse, Falls risk assessment and prevention) was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Chris Todd (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6645-4505) (Professor of Primary Care and Community Health, Falls research) was co-applicant and was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Christopher Davey (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9050-379X) (Assistant Professor, Optometry) was involved in study design, analysis and preparation of this report.
Natasha Alvarado (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9422-4483) (Senior Research Fellow, Theory driven evaluation) was co-applicant, responsible for day-to-day management of the project, led the realist review, undertook data collection, and was involved in the analysis and preparation of this report.
Patient data statement
This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. Using patient data is vital to improve health and care for everyone. There is huge potential to make better use of information from people’s patient records, to understand more about disease, develop new treatments, monitor safety, and plan NHS services. Patient data should be kept safe and secure, to protect everyone’s privacy, and it is important that there are safeguards to make sure that they are stored and used responsibly. Everyone should be able to find out about how patient data is used. #datasaveslives You can find out more about the background to this citation here https://understandingpatientdata.org.uk/data-citation
Data-sharing statement
All data will be kept until December 2027 and can be accessed by other researchers during this time, subject to the necessary ethical approvals being obtained. Requests for access to this data should be addressed to the corresponding author.
Ethics statement
National Health Service ethics approval for this study was granted by the Yorkshire and The Humber – Bradford Leeds Research Ethics Committee on 17 September 2020 (ref: 20/YH/0221).
Information governance statement
The University of Bradford is committed to handling all personal information in line with the UK Data Protection Act (2018) and the General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR) 2016/679. Under the Data Protection legislation, the University of Bradford is the Data Controller, and you can find out more about how we handle personal data, including how to exercise your individual rights and the contact details for our Data Protection Officer here www.bradford.ac.uk/data-protection/
Publications
Randell R, Wright J, Alvarado N, Healey F, Dowding D, Smith H, et al. What supports and constrains the implementation of multifactorial falls risk assessment and tailored multifactorial falls prevention interventions in acute hospitals? Protocol for a realist review. BMJ Open 2021;11:e049765. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049765
Randell R, McVey L, Zaman H, Wright J, Cheong VL, Dowding D, et al. Designing Health IT to Support Falls Prevention in Hospitals: Findings from a Realist Review. Proceedings of the AMIA 2022 Annual Symposium. 2022.
Alvarado N, McVey L, Wright J, Healey F, Dowding D, Cheong VL, et al. Exploring variation in implementation of multifactorial falls risk assessment and tailored interventions: a realist review. BMC Geriatr 2023;23(381).
McVey L, Frost T, Issa B, Davison E, Abdulkader J, Randell R, et al. Working together: reflections on how to make public involvement in research work. Res Involv Engag 2023;9(14).
Disclaimers
This manuscript presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The views and opinions expressed by authors in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NHS, the NIHR, the HSDR programme or the Department of Health and Social Care. If there are verbatim quotations included in this publication the views and opinions expressed by the interviewees are those of the interviewees and do not necessarily reflect those of the authors, those of the NHS, the NIHR, the HSDR programme or the Department of Health and Social Care.
