Contributions of authors

Joanne M Fitzpatrick (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-180X) (Chief Investigator, Reader in Older People’s Healthcare) designed the study, provided project management, contributed to the rapid review, collected and analysed data, contributed to development of the toolkit and film and drafted sections of the report.

Anne Marie Rafferty (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1010-6581) (Co-investigator, Professor of Nursing Policy) designed the study, contributed to the rapid review, collected and analysed data, contributed to development of the toolkit and film and drafted sections of the report.

Shereen Hussein (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7946-0717) (Co-investigator, Professor of Health and Social Care Policy) designed the study, contributed to the rapid review, collected and analysed data, contributed to development of the toolkit and film and drafted sections of the report.

Richard Adams (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-9600) (Co-investigator, Chief Executive Sears Healthcare Ltd) designed the study, contributed to data collection, contributed to development of the toolkit and reviewed the report.

Lindsay Rees (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3629-3995) (Co-investigator, Director of Health and Quality, Encore Care Homes Management Ltd, designed the study) contributed to data collection, contributed to development of the toolkit and reviewed the report.

Sally Brearley (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7918-7485) (Co-investigator, Patient and Public Involvement Fellow, PPI lead for the study) designed the study, coplanned and chaired the PPI group and reviewed the report.

Sarah Sims (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7494-9030) (Research Associate) contributed to the rapid review, collected and analysed data, contributed to development of the toolkit and film and drafted sections of the report.

Amit Desai (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2234-2872) (Research Fellow) contributed to the rapid review, collected and analysed data, contributed to development of the toolkit and film and drafted sections of the report.

Ruth Harris (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4377-5063) (Co-investigator, Professor of Healthcare for Older Adults) designed the study, contributed to the rapid review, collected, and analysed data, contributed to development of the toolkit and film and drafted sections of the report.

Acknowledgements

Firstly, we extend our thanks to all the residents, family members, care home staff and external stakeholders who shared their stories so openly and honestly, helping us to learn from the whole experience of COVID-19, and to all participants in the co-design workshop events. We acknowledge, with thanks the contributions of the following colleagues: Sinead Palmer for her research assistance with ethics, recruitment and interviews with residents, families, and care home staff; Ivanka Ezhova, and library staff, Karen Poole, and Sonya Di Giorgio, for their contributions to literature searching for the phase 1 review.

We acknowledge, with thanks, the contributions of King’s College London Research Governance Team, Pre- and Post-Award Teams and the Research Office of the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, the Health Research Authority, and Coventry and Warwick Research Ethics Committee for facilitating ethical approval of our study. We acknowledge with thanks the work of the PPI group members, for their commenting on development of the study protocol, study documents and participating in the co-design workshops. To each of you our sincere thanks: Helen Dean, Elizabeth Lloyd-Dehler, Nicholas Low (also a member of the Study Steering Committee), Carol Mitchell, Leslie Robertson, Phil Ruthen, Lana Samuels (also a member of the Study Steering Committee), Shani Shamah, Marion Taylor and Karen Willson.

Our sincere thanks to the design and illustration team at Calverts, and to Andy Richards, Channel Director, and the KMTV team for video-recording the interviews with residents, families, and care home staff, and for producing the mosaic film.

We acknowledge the work of our Steering Committee, Chaired by Professor Deborah Sturdy (Chief Nurse for Adult Social Care). Members included Professor Martin (Chief Executive, Care England), and Arlene Wellman (Chief Nurse, St George’s, Epsom and St Helier Hospitals Group). And the work of our Data Monitoring and Ethics Committee, Chaired by Professor Ann Netten (former Director PSSRU, University of Kent). Members included Paul Edwards (Director of Clinical Services, Dementia UK), Dr Francesca Fiorentino (Senior Statistician, employed by Imperial College London at the start of this study and now an employee of King’s College London), and Dr Dawne Garrett (formerly, Professional Lead for Older People and Dementia Care, RCN). Thank you to all members for their advice and contributions throughout the study.

Permission has been gained from all non-author contributors acknowledged in this section.

Data-sharing statement

All data requests should be submitted to the corresponding author for consideration.

Ethics statement

The study was approved by Coventry and Warwick Research Ethics Committee [20/WM/0318] on 6 January 2021. Permission to access the care homes was obtained as per local procedures. Informed consent was obtained for all participants, and all participants were informed that they were free to refuse to participate or withdraw from the study at any time.

Disclosure of interests

Full disclosure of interests: Completed ICMJE forms for all authors, including all related interests, are available in the toolkit on the NIHR Journals Library report publication page at https://doi.org/10.3310/YNTW4569.

Primary conflicts of interest: Anne Marie Rafferty is a Governor of King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and was President of the Royal College of Nursing (2019–21). Amit Desai was Co-investigator on a NIHR HSDR Grant (17/05/110) and has been a Trustee of Carers’ Hub, Lambeth (Charity number: 1182120) since August 2019. Ruth Harris is a Member of the Advisory Board for an Alzheimer’s Society-funded study led by University of Hertfordshire entitled CONNECT: Supporting person-centred care for people with dementia in hospital settings: co-designing and testing the feasibility of an intervention for use during constant observation activities. She is also a Member of the NIHR Trainees Coordinating Centre Doctoral Research Fellowship Panel, Member of the NIHR Nursing and Midwifery Incubator Steering Group and Chair of the Royal College of Nursing Research Society.

Publications

Fitzpatrick JM, Ezhova I, Hussein S, Rafferty AM, Palmer S, Adams R et al. Implementation of social distancing and isolation practices in care homes caring for older people to control the spread of Covid-19 and other infectious and contagious diseases: a rapid evidence review. PROSPERO; 2021:CRD42021226734. URL: www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021226734

Fitzpatrick JM, Rafferty AM, Hussein S, Ezhova I, Palmer S, Adams R, et al. Protecting older people living in care homes from COVID-19: a protocol for a mixed-methods study to understand the challenges and solutions to implementing social distancing and isolation. BMJ Open 2021;11(8). https://doi.org./10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050706.

Sims S, Harris R, Hussein S, Rafferty AM, Desai A, Palmer S, et al. Social distancing and isolation strategies to prevent and control the transmission of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in care homes for older people: An international review, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022;19(6). https://doi.org./10.3390/ijerph19063450

Disclaimers

This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The views and opinions expressed by authors in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NHS, the NIHR, the HSDR programme or the Department of Health and Social Care. If there are verbatim quotations included in this publication the views and opinions expressed by the interviewees are those of the interviewees and do not necessarily reflect those of the authors, those of the NHS, the NIHR, the HSDR programme or the Department of Health and Social Care.