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Fatty acid hydroxylase This entry includes fatty acid and carotene hydroxylases and sterol desaturases. Beta-carotene hydroxylase is involved in zeaxanthin synthesis by hydroxylating beta-carotene, but the enzyme may be involved in other pathways. This family includes C-5 sterol desaturase and C-4 sterol methyl oxidase. Members of this family are involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and biosynthesis a plant cuticular wax. These enzymes contain two copies of a HXHH motif which coordinate two irons at the catalytic centre. Members of this family are ER integral membrane proteins that share a novel mushroom-shaped fold consisting of four transmembrane (TM1-TM4) helices that anchor them to the membrane capped by a cytosolic domain containing the unique histidine- coordinating di metal centre.
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Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",