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Nit1, Nit 2, and related proteins, and the Nit1-like domain of NitFhit (class 10 nitrilases) This subgroup includes mammalian Nit1 and Nit2, the Nit1-like domain of the invertebrate NitFhit, and various uncharacterized bacterial and archaeal Nit-like proteins. Nit1 and Nit2 are candidate tumor suppressor proteins. In NitFhit, the Nit1-like domain is encoded as a fusion protein with the non-homologous tumor suppressor, fragile histidine triad (Fhit). Mammalian Nit1 and Fhit may affect distinct signal pathways, and both may participate in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Nit1 is a negative regulator in T cells. Overexpression of Nit2 in HeLa cells leads to a suppression of cell growth through cell cycle arrest in G2. These Nit proteins and the Nit1-like domain of NitFhit belong to a larger nitrilase superfamily comprised of nitrile- or amide-hydrolyzing enzymes and amide-condensing enzymes, which depend on a Glu-Lys-Cys catalytic triad. This superfamily has been classified in the literature based on global and structure based sequence analysis into thirteen different enzyme classes (referred to as 1-13), this subgroup corresponds to class 10. |
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",