Apod apolipoprotein D [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Apodprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: apolipoprotein Dprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2137
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000048273 AllianceGenome:RGD:2137
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: AOPDGN
Summary: Predicted to enable cholesterol binding activity. Involved in peripheral nervous system axon regeneration; response to xenobiotic stimulus; and tissue regeneration. Located in cytosolic ribosome; dendrite; and neuronal cell body. Biomarker of status epilepticus and vasculogenic impotence. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human APOD (apolipoprotein D). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 625.1) and Muscle (RPKM 86.9) See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11q22

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	11	NC_086029.1 (82936216..82957264)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	11	NC_051346.1 (69431261..69452306)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	11	NC_005110.4 (72705204..72726263)

Chromosome 11 - NC_086029.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Collectively, results of this study suggest that Apod is a novel regulatory gene in the male reproductive system, especially in penises of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet, and that expression of Apod is regulated at the posttranscriptional level by target microRNAs.
Title: Differential expression of apolipoprotein D in male reproductive system of rats by high-fat diet.
apoD may be part of an intrinsic cardioprotective system, possibly as a consequence of its antioxidation activity.
Title: Identification of apolipoprotein D as a cardioprotective gene using a mouse model of lethal atherosclerotic coronary artery disease.
Apolipoprotein D exerts neurotrophic and synaptogenic effects in dorsal root ganglion cell cultures.
Title: Apolipoproteins D and E3 exert neurotrophic and synaptogenic effects in dorsal root ganglion cell cultures.
We propose that apoD promotes its neuroprotective effects by binding to arachidonic acid and cholesterol thus preventing their oxidation to neurotoxic products such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 7-ketocholesterol.
Title: Apolipoprotein D modulates F2-isoprostane and 7-ketocholesterol formation and has a neuroprotective effect on organotypic hippocampal cultures after kainate-induced excitotoxic injury.
apoD is involved in regenerative processes and scar formation in the peri-infarct area presumably by enhancing lipid trafficking.
Title: Apolipoprotein D is elevated in oligodendrocytes in the peri-infarct region after experimental stroke: influence of enriched environment.
The increased expression of apoD by atypical antipsychotics may reflect a novel molecular mechanism underlying their favorable effects compared with haloperidol on cognition, negative symptoms and extra-pyramidal symptoms in schizophrenia
Title: Antipsychotic drugs differentially modulate apolipoprotein D in rat brain.
ApoD can be expressed or taken up by SMCs and can regulate their motility in response to growth factors.
Title: Apolipoprotein D and platelet-derived growth factor-BB synergism mediates vascular smooth muscle cell migration.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH128953 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:212261

RH94864 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:120110

BE118763 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:248883

BF405372 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:247893

D11Rat61 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:226420

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cholesterol binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cholesterol binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cholesterol binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables lipid binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in brain development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glucose metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glucose metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in lipid metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in lipid metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lipid metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in lipid transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of T cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of T cell migration	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein import into nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein import into nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in peripheral nervous system axon regeneration	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to axon injury	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to reactive oxygen species	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to reactive oxygen species	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to reactive oxygen species	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to reactive oxygen species	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in tissue regeneration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in tissue regeneration	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosolic ribosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in dendrite	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular space	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in neuronal cell body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: apolipoprotein D

Names: apo-D

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_012777.2 → NP_036909.2 apolipoprotein D precursor

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000011

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P23593

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6IRW8, M0R4S2

Related

ENSRNOP00000064368.1, ENSRNOT00000073330.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19437
Location:25 → 182

lipocalin_apoD-like; apolipoprotein D and similar proteins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086029.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

82936216..82957264

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_039087998.2 → XP_038943926.1 apolipoprotein D isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P23593

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6IRW7

Related

ENSRNOP00000100734.1, ENSRNOT00000144387.1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19437
Location:40 → 197

lipocalin_apoD-like; apolipoprotein D and similar proteins
XM_039087999.2 → XP_038943927.1 apolipoprotein D isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P23593

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6IRW7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19437
Location:40 → 197

lipocalin_apoD-like; apolipoprotein D and similar proteins