U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

RTN1 reticulon 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 6252, updated on 10-Dec-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
RTN1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
reticulon 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:10467
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000139970 MIM:600865; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10467
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
NSP
Summary
This gene belongs to the family of reticulon encoding genes. Reticulons are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, and are involved in neuroendocrine secretion or in membrane trafficking in neuroendocrine cells. This gene is considered to be a specific marker for neurological diseases and cancer, and is a potential molecular target for therapy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]
Expression
Biased expression in brain (RPKM 96.0) and spleen (RPKM 6.9) See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
See RTN1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
14q23.1
Exon count:
14
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (59595976..59870776, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (53802909..54078046, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (60062694..60337494, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903326 Neighboring gene trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase Neighboring gene JNK1/MAPK8 associated membrane protein Neighboring gene coiled-coil domain containing 175 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:60124167-60124668 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:60124669-60125168 Neighboring gene microRNA 5586 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5807 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:60386022-60387221 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8462 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8463 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8464 Neighboring gene leucine rich repeat containing 9 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr14:60459076-60459307 Neighboring gene PCNX4 divergent transcript Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8465 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8466 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:60558835-60559468 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1153 Neighboring gene pecanex 4 Neighboring gene dehydrogenase/reductase 7

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Reticulon proteins: emerging players in neurodegenerative diseases. Yan R, et al. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2006 Apr. PMID 16505974, Free PMC Article
  2. Reticulon RTN1-C(CT) peptide: a potential nuclease and inhibitor of histone deacetylase enzymes. Nepravishta R, et al. Biochemistry, 2010 Jan 19. PMID 20000484
  3. Acetylation of RTN-1C regulates the induction of ER stress by the inhibition of HDAC activity in neuroectodermal tumors. Fazi B, et al. Oncogene, 2009 Oct 29. PMID 19668229
  4. A metal-binding site in the RTN1-C protein: new perspectives on the physiological role of a neuronal protein. Nepravishta R, et al. Metallomics, 2012 May. PMID 22522967
  5. Reticulon1-C modulates protein disulphide isomerase function. Bernardoni P, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2013 Apr 4. PMID 23559015, Free PMC Article

See all (76) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. CircRTN1 acts as a miR-431-5p sponge to promote thyroid cancer progression by upregulating TGFA.
    Title: CircRTN1 acts as a miR-431-5p sponge to promote thyroid cancer progression by upregulating TGFA.
  2. Interoperability of RTN1A in dendrite dynamics and immune functions in human Langerhans cells.
    Title: Interoperability of RTN1A in dendrite dynamics and immune functions in human Langerhans cells.
  3. Reticulon-1A mediates diabetic kidney disease progression through endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts in tubular epithelial cells.
    Title: Reticulon-1A mediates diabetic kidney disease progression through endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts in tubular epithelial cells.
  4. [The Expression of RTN1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Its Effect on Immune Microenvironment].
    Title: [The Expression of RTN1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma and 
Its Effect on Immune Microenvironment].
  5. Prognostic efficacy of the RTN1 gene in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
    Title: Prognostic efficacy of the RTN1 gene in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
  6. Study findings show that RTN1A is a marker for cells of the dendritic lineage, including Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells.
    Title: The Reticulum-Associated Protein RTN1A Specifically Identifies Human Dendritic Cells.
  7. Results show that mice deficient in RTN1 are generally normal and that RTN1 is a predominantly expressed in the nervous system, mainly in neurons. In neurons, RTN1 is enriched in dendrites. Also, RTN1 deficiency shows no obvious effects on BACE1 activity due to compensation by RTN3, as RTN1 deficiency causes elevation of RTN3 expression suggesting that RTN1 does not have a prominent role in Alzheimer's pathogenesis.
    Title: RTN1 and RTN3 protein are differentially associated with senile plaques in Alzheimer's brains.
  8. Data suggest that reticulon 1A (RTN1A) functions not only as an endoplasmic reticulum-shaping protein but also as a protein that promotes contacts between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.
    Title: Ascorbate peroxidase proximity labeling coupled with biochemical fractionation identifies promoters of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts.
  9. Results suggest evidence of genetic association between common variants in RTN1 and end-stage kidney disease in African-Americans and European-Americans.
    Title: Association Analysis of the Reticulon 1 Gene in End-Stage Kidney Disease.
  10. RTN1A is a key mediator for proteinuria-induced tubular cell toxicity and renal fibrosis.
    Title: Knockdown of RTN1A attenuates ER stress and kidney injury in albumin overload-induced nephropathy.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (23)

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC133250

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in brain development IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network formation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of amyloid-beta formation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in neuron differentiation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in neuron differentiation IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in dendrite IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in neuron projection IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in neuronal cell body IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in postsynaptic density IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
reticulon-1
Names
neuroendocrine-specific protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_029558.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5000..279793
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001363702.1 → NP_001350631.1  reticulon-1 isoform D

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL121694, BC111694
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS86396.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8MT72, B7Z4K5
    Related
    ENSP00000378525.1, ENST00000395090.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02453
    Location:8 → 170
    Reticulon

  2. NM_021136.3 → NP_066959.1  reticulon-1 isoform A

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_066959.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (A, also known as NSP-A).
    Source sequence(s)
    AL121694, AL133299, AL139194
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9740.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q16799, Q16800, Q16801, Q5BKZ4, Q9BQ59
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q2NKQ5
    Related
    ENSP00000267484.5, ENST00000267484.10
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02453
    Location:591 → 753
    Reticulon; Reticulon

  3. NM_206852.3 → NP_996734.1  reticulon-1 isoform C

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_996734.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (C, also known as NSP-C) contains a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform A.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL121694
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9741.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K3B9, Q6IAX4
    Related
    ENSP00000340716.4, ENST00000342503.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02453
    Location:23 → 185
    Reticulon

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    59595976..59870776 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047431674.1 → XP_047287630.1  reticulon-1 isoform X2

  2. XM_011537063.4 → XP_011535365.1  reticulon-1 isoform X1

RNA

  1. XR_007064042.1 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    53802909..54078046 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054376553.1 → XP_054232528.1  reticulon-1 isoform X2

  2. XM_054376552.1 → XP_054232527.1  reticulon-1 isoform X1

RNA

  1. XR_008488892.1 RNA Sequence

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_001243115.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_001243115.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.

  2. NM_206857.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_206857.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein, and the transcript appears to retain intronic sequence at its 5' end.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q16799.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q16799

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools