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TARBP2 TARBP2 subunit of RISC loading complex [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 6895, updated on 10-Dec-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
TARBP2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
TARBP2 subunit of RISC loading complexprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:11569
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000139546 MIM:605053; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11569
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
LOQS; TRBP; TRBP1; TRBP2
Summary
HIV-1, the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), contains an RNA genome that produces a chromosomally integrated DNA during the replicative cycle. Activation of HIV-1 gene expression by the transactivator Tat is dependent on an RNA regulatory element (TAR) located downstream of the transcription initiation site. The protein encoded by this gene binds between the bulge and the loop of the HIV-1 TAR RNA regulatory element and activates HIV-1 gene expression in synergy with the viral Tat protein. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. This gene also has a pseudogene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in placenta (RPKM 7.8), testis (RPKM 6.1) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See TARBP2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12q13.13
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (53500923..53506431)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (53466928..53472436)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (53894707..53900215)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6422 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4511 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4512 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4513 Neighboring gene proline rich 13 Neighboring gene poly(rC) binding protein 2 Neighboring gene PCBP2 overlapping transcript 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53876139-53876652 Neighboring gene mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 12 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4514 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1043 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4515 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6423 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3466 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:53902821-53903053 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100652999 Neighboring gene ATF7-NPFF readthrough Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:53909665-53909906 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53910873-53911372 Neighboring gene neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor Neighboring gene activating transcription factor 7

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Microsatellite instability and TARBP2 mutation study in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. Bai S, et al. Am J Clin Pathol, 2013 Jun. PMID 23690119
  2. Nuclear TARBP2 Drives Oncogenic Dysregulation of RNA Splicing and Decay. Fish L, et al. Mol Cell, 2019 Sep 5. PMID 31300274, Free PMC Article
  3. The TAR-RNA binding protein is required for immunoresponses triggered by Cardiovirus infection. Komuro A, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2016 Nov 11. PMID 27743889, Free PMC Article
  4. shRNA‑mediated silencing of TARBP2 inhibits NCI‑H1299 non‑small cell lung cancer cell invasion and migration via the JNK/STAT3/AKT pathway. Shi Y, et al. Mol Med Rep, 2016 Oct. PMID 27599909
  5. Binding by TRBP-dsRBD2 Does Not Induce Bending of Double-Stranded RNA. Acevedo R, et al. Biophys J, 2016 Jun 21. PMID 27332119, Free PMC Article

See all (150) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Caspase-mediated processing of TRBP regulates apoptosis during viral infection.
    Title: Caspase-mediated processing of TRBP regulates apoptosis during viral infection.
  2. TARBP2 Suppresses Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Degradation of HIF-1alpha in Breast Cancer.
    Title: TARBP2 Suppresses Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Degradation of HIF-1α in Breast Cancer.
  3. Opposite actions of two dsRNA-binding proteins PACT and TRBP on RIG-I mediated signaling.
    Title: Opposite actions of two dsRNA-binding proteins PACT and TRBP on RIG-I mediated signaling.
  4. TARBP2 promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis by destabilizing antiangiogenic factor mRNAs.
    Title: TARBP2 promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis by destabilizing antiangiogenic factor mRNAs.
  5. Hypoxia-induced let-7f-5p/TARBP2 feedback loop regulates osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway.
    Title: Hypoxia-induced let-7f-5p/TARBP2 feedback loop regulates osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway.
  6. Our findings may shed light on the mechanism of apoptosis, induced by the TRBP-bound miRNAs through the interaction of TRBP with LGP2, as an antiviral defense system in mammalian cells.
    Title: LGP2 virus sensor enhances apoptosis by upregulating apoptosis regulatory genes through TRBP-bound miRNAs during viral infection.
  7. TARBP2 affects tumor growth in the lung and that this is dependent on TARBP2-mediated destabilization of ABCA3 and FOXN3. Finally, we establish ZNF143 as an upstream regulator of TARBP2 expression.
    Title: Nuclear TARBP2 Drives Oncogenic Dysregulation of RNA Splicing and Decay.
  8. The TARBP2 protein was destabilized through autophagic-lysosomal proteolysis, thereby stabilizing the expression of the cancer stem cell marker protein Nanog, which facilitates sorafenib resistance in Hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
    Title: TARBP2-mediated destabilization of Nanog overcomes sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.
  9. LGP2 represses specific miRNA activities by interacting with TRBP, resulting in selective regulation of target genes. This novel function of LGP2 is to modulate RNA silencing, indicating the crosstalk between RNA silencing and RLR signaling in mammalian cells.
    Title: LGP2 virus sensor regulates gene expression network mediated by TRBP-bound microRNAs.
  10. In this study, we attempted to gain deeper insights into the molecular mechanism by which Loqs-PB and TRBP tune miRNA length...We examined the difference of mean miRNA length and length heterogeneity caused by the addition of PACT or TRBP, compared with HsDicer alone, for each pre-miR-132 variant
    Title: Dicer partner protein tunes the length of miRNAs using base-mismatch in the pre-miRNA stem.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (58)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Gag-Pol gag-pol The binding of HIV-1 TAR and RRE to TRBP displaces small interfering (si) RNAs from binding to TRBP, but RNA interference is restored when HIV-1 Rev or GagPol are coexpressed in cells PubMed
Rev rev The binding of HIV-1 TAR and RRE to TRBP displaces small interfering (si) RNAs from binding to TRBP, but RNA interference is restored when HIV-1 Rev or GagPol are coexpressed in cells PubMed
rev HIV-1 Rev binds TRBP/PACT complex and the binding requires the arginine rich motif (residues 35-50) of HIV-1 Rev PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat binds TRBP/PACT complex and the binding requires the arginine rich motif (residues 48-58) of HIV-1 Tat PubMed
tat TRBP2 binds to HIV-1 TAR RNA and synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to activate the HIV-1 LTR promoter PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables double-stranded RNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables double-stranded RNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables enzyme binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables miRNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables pre-mRNA binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
contributes_to pre-miRNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables pre-miRNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein homodimerization activity IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein sequestering activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables siRNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables siRNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in RISC complex assembly IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in global gene silencing by mRNA cleavage IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in miRNA processing IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of defense response to virus by host IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of protein kinase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of viral genome replication IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in pre-miRNA processing IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of miRNA processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of regulatory ncRNA processing IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in regulation of siRNA processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of translation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of viral transcription IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in siRNA processing IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in siRNA processing IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of RISC complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of RISC complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of RISC-loading complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of RISC-loading complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of RISC-loading complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nuclear body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2
Names
TAR (HIV) RNA-binding protein 2
TAR (HIV) RNA-binding protein TRBP1
TAR (HIV-1) RNA binding protein 2
TAR RNA binding protein 2
TARBP2, RISC loading complex RNA binding subunit
trans-activation responsive RNA-binding protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_004178.5 → NP_004169.3  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004169.3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an internal segment in the 5' region, and uses a downstream AUG codon for translation, as compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) thus has a shorter N-terminus, as compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    BC002419, M60801
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS41791.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K3X2
    Related
    ENSP00000416077.2, ENST00000456234.6
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd10844
    Location:138 → 204
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt2; second double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19890
    Location:6 → 77
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt1; first double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19893
    Location:271 → 342
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt3; third double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins

  2. NM_134323.2 → NP_599150.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_599150.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) is the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC002419, BC005860
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8861.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q12878, Q15633, Q8WY32, Q8WY33, Q9BRY2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K3X2
    Related
    ENSP00000266987.2, ENST00000266987.7
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd10844
    Location:159 → 225
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt2; second double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19890
    Location:27 → 98
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt1; first double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19893
    Location:292 → 363
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt3; third double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins

  3. NM_134324.3 → NP_599151.2  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_599151.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) has an alternate 5' exon and uses a downstream AUG codon for translation, as compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) thus has a shorter N-terminus, as compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC023509, BC002419, BI771121
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS41791.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K3X2
    Related
    ENSP00000377885.2, ENST00000394357.6
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd10844
    Location:138 → 204
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt2; second double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19890
    Location:6 → 77
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt1; first double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19893
    Location:271 → 342
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt3; third double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    53500923..53506431
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047429485.1 → XP_047285441.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F8VZ57
    Related
    ENSP00000447767.1, ENST00000550407.1

  2. XM_005269115.2 → XP_005269172.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005269172.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K3X2
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd10844
    Location:138 → 204
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt2; second double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19890
    Location:6 → 77
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt1; first double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins
    cd19893
    Location:271 → 342
    DSRM_TARBP2_rpt3; third double-stranded RNA binding motif of the RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 and similar proteins

  3. XM_017019911.3 → XP_016875400.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X3

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00048
    Location:15 → 78
    DSRM; Double-stranded RNA binding motif. Binding is not sequence specific but is highly specific for double stranded RNA. Found in a variety of proteins including dsRNA dependent protein kinase PKR, RNA helicases, Drosophila staufen protein, E. coli RNase III, ...

  4. XM_011538712.4 → XP_011537014.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011537014.1

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00048
    Location:15 → 78
    DSRM; Double-stranded RNA binding motif. Binding is not sequence specific but is highly specific for double stranded RNA. Found in a variety of proteins including dsRNA dependent protein kinase PKR, RNA helicases, Drosophila staufen protein, E. coli RNase III, ...

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    53466928..53472436
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054373103.1 → XP_054229078.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F8VZ57

  2. XM_054373102.1 → XP_054229077.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K3X2

  3. XM_054373104.1 → XP_054229079.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X3

  4. XM_054373105.1 → XP_054229080.1  RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform X3

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q15633.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q15633

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