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PLA2G4C phospholipase A2 group IVC [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 8605, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PLA2G4Cprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
phospholipase A2 group IVCprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9037
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000105499 MIM:603602; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9037
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
CPLA2-gamma
Summary
This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the phospholipase A2 enzyme family which hydrolyzes glycerophospholipids to produce free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, both of which serve as precursors in the production of signaling molecules. The encoded protein has been shown to be a calcium-independent and membrane bound enzyme. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in brain (RPKM 6.1), heart (RPKM 5.7) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See PLA2G4C in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
19q13.33
Exon count:
20
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (48047846..48110817, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (51041707..51105372, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (48551103..48614074, complement)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene epididymal sperm binding protein 1 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr19:48522004-48523203 Neighboring gene calcium binding protein 5 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:48564610-48565203 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:48565204-48565796 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:48565797-48566389 Neighboring gene PLA2G4C antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14871 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10871 Neighboring gene DNA ligase 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985293 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:48673083-48673742 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10874 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14872 Neighboring gene zinc finger SWIM-type containing 9 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr19:48691653-48691885 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:48699771-48700283

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Roles of C-terminal processing, and involvement in transacylation reaction of human group IVC phospholipase A2 (cPLA2gamma). Yamashita A, et al. J Biochem, 2005 May. PMID 15944408
  2. Cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 levels correlate with apoptosis in human colon tumorigenesis. Dong M, et al. Clin Cancer Res, 2005 Mar 15. PMID 15788676
  3. Purification of recombinant human cPLA2 gamma and identification of C-terminal farnesylation, proteolytic processing, and carboxymethylation by MALDI-TOF-TOF analysis. Jenkins CM, et al. Biochemistry, 2003 Oct 14. PMID 14529291
  4. Requirement of cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma in lipid droplet formation. Su X, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids, 2017 Jul. PMID 28336330
  5. Novel PLA2G4C polymorphism as a molecular diagnostic assay for 19q loss in human gliomas. Hartmann C, et al. Brain Pathol, 2002 Apr. PMID 11958371, Free PMC Article

See all (46) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Association between PLA2 gene polymorphisms and treatment response to antipsychotic medications: A study of antipsychotic-naive first-episode psychosis patients and nonadherent chronic psychosis patients.
    Title: Association between PLA2 gene polymorphisms and treatment response to antipsychotic medications: A study of antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients and nonadherent chronic psychosis patients.
  2. Enzymatic properties of human cytosolic phospholipase A(2)gamma.
    Title: Enzymatic properties of human cytosolic phospholipase A(2)gamma.
  3. We found no significant influence of the PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C polymorphisms on mean age at first hospital admission (P > 0.05) and that the investigated polymorphisms significantly influenced the clinical psychopathology only in male patients. The PLA2G4C polymorphism accounted for approximately 12% of negative symptom severity.
    Title: An association between PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia risk and illness severity in a Croatian population.
  4. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs9226, rs1045376, rs251684, rs2307279, and rs156631) in PLA2G4C and four SNPs (rs6533451, rs2285714, rs2285713, and rs11728699) in PLA2G12A were selected and genotyped. Our results showed a significant association between ASD and the rs251684 variant of PLA2G4C. The rs251684 polymorphism of PLA2G4C may be associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder risk.
    Title: The rs251684 Variant of PLA2G4C Is Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Northeast Han Chinese Population.
  5. The A allele in PLA2G4C single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1549637) is associated with a worse prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer, especially in stage II.
    Title: Prognostic significance of PLA2G4C gene polymorphism in patients with stage II colorectal cancer.
  6. Results demonstrated no significant impact of PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C gene polymorphisms on attenuated niacin skin flushing in schizophrenia patients.
    Title: Polymorphisms in PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C genes for calcium-independent phospholipase A2 do not contribute to attenuated niacin skin flush response in schizophrenia patients.
  7. site-specific cytosine methylation of the CpT of PLA2G4C may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
    Title: The DNA methylation profile of PLA2G4C gene promoter in schizophrenia.
  8. These findings suggest that IVC-PLA(2) is involved in regulations of macrophage differentiation and macrophage polarization.
    Title: Regulation of macrophage differentiation and polarization by group IVC phospholipase A₂.
  9. these results suggest that cPLA(2)gamma plays an important role in cancer cell chemotaxis.
    Title: Downregulation of cPLA2γ expression inhibits EGF-induced chemotaxis of human breast cancer cells through Akt pathway.
  10. Findings suggest that variation in PLA2G4C may influence preterm birth risk by increasing levels of prostaglandins, which are known to regulate labor.
    Title: Primate-specific evolution of noncoding element insertion into PLA2G4C and human preterm birth.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (24)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 induces a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through binding to CD4, but this effect is not sufficient to accomplish virus/cell fusion PubMed
env HIV-1 gp120 causes an activation of phospholipase A2, resulting in the increased release of arachidonic acid, which may sensitize the NMDA receptor PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates phospholipase A2, group IVC (PLA2G4C) expression in Jurkat T-cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ42247, FLJ44164, DKFZp586C0423

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables O-acyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables calcium ion binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables calcium-dependent phospholipid binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables lysophospholipase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables lysophospholipase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables phospholipase A1 activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables phospholipid binding NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in arachidonate metabolic process NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in glycerophospholipid catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glycerophospholipid catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in inflammatory response NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in intracellular signal transduction NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in lipid droplet formation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in parturition NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
involved_in phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
involved_in phospholipid metabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in platelet activating factor biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cell cortex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in cytosol IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in lipid droplet IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in mitochondrial membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in nuclear envelope IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma
Names
cytosolic lysophospholipase
cytosolic lysophospholipid O-acyltransferase
phospholipase A2, group IVC (cytosolic, calcium-independent)
NP_001152794.1
NP_001152795.1
NP_003697.2
XP_011525733.1
XP_011525734.1
XP_016882903.1
XP_047295540.1
XP_047295541.1
XP_054178438.1
XP_054178439.1
XP_054178440.1
XP_054178441.1
XP_054178442.1
XP_054178443.1
XP_054178444.1
XP_054178445.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_016021.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5036..68007
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001159322.2 → NP_001152794.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform 2 precursor

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' coding region which results in a frameshift compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) is longer and has a distinct N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC010458, AC011466, AK295400
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS59403.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9UP65
    Related
    ENSP00000472546.1, ENST00000599111.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07202
    Location:19 → 539
    cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent

  2. NM_001159323.2 → NP_001152795.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001152795.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region which results in a frameshift compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 3) is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC010458, AC011466, AK022440
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS54286.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9UP65
    Related
    ENSP00000346228.2, ENST00000354276.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07202
    Location:4 → 527
    cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent

  3. NM_003706.3 → NP_003697.2  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003697.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the predominant isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC010458, AC011466, BC063416
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS12710.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RB71, B4DI40, O75457, Q6IBI8, Q9UG68, Q9UP65
    Related
    ENSP00000469473.1, ENST00000599921.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07202
    Location:4 → 529
    cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    48047846..48110817 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011527431.4 → XP_011525733.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07202
    Location:4 → 511
    cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent

  2. XM_047439585.1 → XP_047295541.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X4

  3. XM_047439584.1 → XP_047295540.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X3

  4. XM_011527432.4 → XP_011525734.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X2

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl11396
    Location:4 → 425
    Patatin_and_cPLA2; Patatins and Phospholipases

  5. XM_017027414.3 → XP_016882903.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X5

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    51041707..51105372 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054322464.1 → XP_054178439.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X1

  2. XM_054322463.1 → XP_054178438.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X6

  3. XM_054322470.1 → XP_054178445.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X8

  4. XM_054322468.1 → XP_054178443.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X4

  5. XM_054322467.1 → XP_054178442.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X3

  6. XM_054322466.1 → XP_054178441.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X7

  7. XM_054322465.1 → XP_054178440.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X2

  8. XM_054322469.1 → XP_054178444.1  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X5

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9UP65.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9UP65

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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