ARTN artemin [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ARTNprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: arteminprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:727
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000117407 MIM:603886; AllianceGenome:HGNC:727
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ART; EVN; NBN; ENOVIN
Summary: This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) subfamily and TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. This protein signals through the RET receptor and GFR alpha 3 coreceptor, and supports the survival of a number of peripheral neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. This protein has also been shown to promote tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance in mammary carcinoma. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]
Expression: Broad expression in placenta (RPKM 1.0), prostate (RPKM 0.9) and 20 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1p34.1

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (43933801..43937240)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (43802329..43808317)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (44399473..44402912)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Human splenic TER cells: A relevant prognostic factor acting via the artemin-GFRalpha3-ERK pathway in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Title: Human splenic TER cells: A relevant prognostic factor acting via the artemin-GFRα3-ERK pathway in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Anti-amyloidogenic effect of artemin on alpha-synuclein.
Title: Anti-amyloidogenic effect of artemin on α-synuclein.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder risk alleles correlated with increased expression (and decreased methylation) of ARTN and PIDD1 and with a decreased expression (and increased methylation) of C2orf82.
Title: Exploring genetic variation that influences brain methylation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
In human skin, either with or without atopic dermatitis (AD), there was negative correlation between the staining intensity of HSD11beta1 and ARTN. The mechanism of skin sensitivity in AD could be explained partly by decreased HSD11beta1 expression and subsequent ARTN overexpression.
Title: Attenuated Activation of Homeostatic Glucocorticoid in Keratinocytes Induces Alloknesis via Aberrant Artemin Production.
Artemin induced CXCR4 expression.
Title: Artemin regulates CXCR4 expression to induce migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells through activation of NF-κB signaling.
Artemin could promote the proliferation and invasiveness of lung cancer cells in vitro and therefore could be a new potential target to combat lung cancer.
Title: Role of artemin in non-small cell lung cancer.
The data suggest that ARTN and MMP-9 are involved in the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of EC, and play a synergistic role in the development of EC and lymphatic metastasis.
Title: Expression and clinical significance of ARTN and MMP-9 in endometrial carcinoma.
AhR activation and ARTN expression were positively correlated in the epidermis of patients with atopic dermatitis.
Title: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor AhR links atopic dermatitis and air pollution via induction of the neurotrophic factor artemin.
Report the activity, pharmacokinetics, conformational dynamics and biophysical properties of different glycoforms of ART.
Title: Investigating the Role of Artemin Glycosylation.
High ARTN increased xenograft tumor size and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Title: Artemin is hypoxia responsive and promotes oncogenicity and increased tumor initiating capacity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (35)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables growth factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables receptor tyrosine kinase binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables signaling receptor binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Peyer's patch morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in axon guidance	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in induction of positive chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in neuroblast proliferation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in peripheral nervous system development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: artemin

Names: neublastin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001136215.2 → NP_001129687.1 artemin isoform 3

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129687.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the coding region, compared to variant 2. The encoded isoform (3) is longer and lacks a predicted signal peptide compared to isoform 1. Both variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform (3).

Source sequence(s)

AF120274, BC062375

Consensus CDS

CCDS502.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q5T4W7

Related

ENSP00000436727.1, ENST00000498139.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00019
Location:129 → 226

TGF_beta; Transforming growth factor beta like domain
NM_057090.3 → NP_476431.2 artemin isoform 3

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476431.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the coding region, compared to variant 2. The encoded isoform (3) is longer and lacks a predicted signal peptide compared to isoform 1. Both variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform (3).

Source sequence(s)

AF120274, BC062375

Consensus CDS

CCDS502.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q5T4W7

Related

ENSP00000387435.3, ENST00000414809.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00019
Location:129 → 226

TGF_beta; Transforming growth factor beta like domain
NM_057091.3 → NP_476432.2 artemin isoform 1 preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476432.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) encodes the shorter isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AF120274, BC062375

Consensus CDS

CCDS501.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D3DPY1, D3DPY3, O95441, O96030, Q5T4W7, Q6P6A3

Related

ENSP00000361434.5, ENST00000372359.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00019
Location:121 → 218

TGF_beta; Transforming growth factor beta like domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

43933801..43937240

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_047433657.1 → XP_047289613.1 artemin isoform X1
XM_047433665.1 → XP_047289621.1 artemin isoform X2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D3DPY1, D3DPY3, O95441, O96030, Q5T4W7, Q6P6A3

Related

ENSP00000361429.3, ENST00000372354.3

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

43802329..43808317

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_054339510.1 → XP_054195485.1 artemin isoform X1
XM_054339511.1 → XP_054195486.1 artemin isoform X2

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

NM_003976.3: Suppressed sequence

Description

NM_003976.3: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript.
NM_057160.2: Suppressed sequence

Description

NM_057160.2: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein.