CTSW cathepsin W [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CTSWprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cathepsin Wprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:2546
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000172543 MIM:602364; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2546
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: LYPN
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the peptidase C1 family, is a cysteine proteinase that may have a specific function in the mechanism or regulation of T-cell cytolytic activity. The encoded protein is found associated with the membrane inside the endoplasmic reticulum of natural killer and cytotoxic T-cells. Expression of this gene is up-regulated by interleukin-2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 42.0), spleen (RPKM 24.6) and 12 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11q13.1

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	11	NC_000011.10 (65879837..65883741)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	11	NC_060935.1 (65872897..65876801)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	11	NC_000011.9 (65647308..65651212)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Proteomic Identification of Potential Target Proteins of Cathepsin W for Its Development as a Drug Target for Influenza.
Title: Proteomic Identification of Potential Target Proteins of Cathepsin W for Its Development as a Drug Target for Influenza.
These results establish CtsW as an important host factor for entry of influenza A virus into target cells and suggest that CtsW could be a promising target for the development of future antiviral drugs.
Title: Cathepsin W Is Required for Escape of Influenza A Virus from Late Endosomes.
The predominant expression of wildtype form by infiltrating immune cells was confirmed in 116 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and 27 reflux-negative individuals demonstrating that cathepsin W expression is not altered in this disease.
Title: Expression pattern of cathepsin W isoforms in peripheral blood and gastroesophageal mucosa of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Despite being expressed in the effector subset of CD8(+) and NK cells and of being released during target cell killing, our functional inhibition studies exclude an essential role of CatW in the process of cytotoxicity.
Title: Cathepsin W expressed exclusively in CD8+ T cells and NK cells, is secreted during target cell killing but is not essential for cytotoxicity in human CTLs.
a genetic variant and a novel isoform of cathepsin W are present in about 14% and 12%, respectively, within the Caucasian population
Title: Identification of a novel isoform predominantly expressed in gastric tissue and a triple-base pair polymorphism of the cathepsin W gene.
Cathepsin W-positive cells had a 'lymphocyte phenotype', but the relative portion of cathepsin W-positive cells among the infiltrating leukocytes in gastrointestinal disease differed remarkably.
Title: Characterization of novel anti-cathepsin W antibodies and cellular distribution of cathepsin W in the gastrointestinal tract.
Endogenous cathepsin W is expressed predominantly in NK cells, is up-regulated by IL-2, and is mainly targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Title: Human cathepsin W, a cysteine protease predominantly expressed in NK cells, is mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study identifies three novel susceptibility loci for severe Acne vulgaris. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	env	HIV-1 gp160 interacts with CTSW; predicted interaction to be within the endoplasmic reticulum	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cysteine-type peptidase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in immune response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in lysosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in platelet dense granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cathepsin W

Names: lymphopain

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001335.4 → NP_001326.3 cathepsin W preproprotein

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AP001201

Consensus CDS

CCDS8117.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P56202, Q86VT4

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A7P0T817

Related

ENSP00000311300.3, ENST00000307886.8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00848
Location:42 → 98

Inhibitor_I29; Cathepsin propeptide inhibitor domain (I29)

cd02248
Location:129 → 358

Peptidase_C1A; Peptidase C1A subfamily (MEROPS database nomenclature); composed of cysteine peptidases (CPs) similar to papain, including the mammalian CPs (cathepsins B, C, F, H, L, K, O, S, V, X and W). Papain is an endopeptidase with specific substrate preferences, ...