CCNT2 cyclin T2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CCNT2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cyclin T2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:1600
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000082258 MIM:603862; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1600
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CYCT2
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. This cyclin and its kinase partner CDK9 were found to be subunits of the transcription elongation factor p-TEFb. The p-TEFb complex containing this cyclin was reported to interact with, and act as a negative regulator of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 1. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 8.2), testis (RPKM 7.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q21.3

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	2	NC_000002.12 (134918822..134959342)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	2	NC_060926.1 (135359158..135399741)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	2	NC_000002.11 (135676392..135716912)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

MiRNA-188-5p alleviates the progression of osteosarcoma via target degrading CCNT2.
Title: MiRNA-188-5p alleviates the progression of osteosarcoma via target degrading CCNT2.
Physical interaction between pRb and cdk9/cyclinT2 complex.
Title: Physical interaction between pRb and cdk9/cyclinT2 complex.
miR-192 inhibits cell proliferation and induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in AML by regulating the expression of CCNT2.
Title: MicroRNA-192 regulates cell proliferation and cell cycle transition in acute myeloid leukemia via interaction with CCNT2.
the release of P-TEFb from the 7SK snRNP led to increased synthesis of HEXIM1 but not HEXIM2
Title: Release of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) from 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) activates hexamethylene bisacetamide-inducible protein (HEXIM1) transcription.
Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score.
The tripartite protein-RNA complex formation between Hexim, Cyclin T and 7SK snRNA, was analyzed.
Title: Specificity of Hexim1 and Hexim2 complex formation with cyclin T1/T2, importin alpha and 7SK snRNA.
TAF7 interacts with the transcription factors, TFIIH and P-TEFb, resulting in the inhibition of their Pol II CTD kinase activities
Title: TFIID component TAF7 functionally interacts with both TFIIH and P-TEFb.
These results suggest that acetylation of CDK9 is an important posttranslational modification that is involved in regulating P-TEFb transcriptional elongation function.
Title: Regulation of P-TEFb elongation complex activity by CDK9 acetylation.
Data strengthen the hypothesis that Cyclin T2a plays a role in muscle differentiation, and propose PKNalpha as a novel partner of Cyclin T2a in this process.
Title: Pkn is a novel partner of cyclin T2a in muscle differentiation.
CycT2 not only contains two domains that target rna polymerase II but this substrate recognition is necessary for its transcriptional activity via DNA
Title: Transcriptional activity and substrate recognition of cyclin T2 from P-TEFb.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Cyclin T2 competes with cyclin T1 for binding to CDK9 and can thereby inhibit HIV-1 Tat activity	PubMed
	tat	Amino acids 260-263 of cyclin T1 are critical for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transcriptional activation, and site-directed mutations in this region of cyclin T2 (asparagine to cysteine at residue 260) allow it to bind Tat and stimulate transcription	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH93392 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:83759

SHGC-143906 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:172089

RH93172 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:91712

RH99330 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:84801

RH48571 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:4187

RH65103 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:13163

WI-19949 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:1999

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 7SK snRNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables chromatin binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in early viral transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in late viral transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation by host of viral transcription	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of muscle cell differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in skeletal muscle tissue development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cyclin-T2

Names: SDS-stable vimentin-bound DNA fragment HEF42VIM22; cyclin T2a; cyclin T2b; subunit of positive elongation transcription factor b

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_029189.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5001..45521

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001241.4 → NP_001232.1 cyclin-T2 isoform a

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001232.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (a) encodes isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

AC016725, AK294889, AU157699, BC114366

Consensus CDS

CCDS2175.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O60583

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B4DH21

Related

ENSP00000295238.6, ENST00000295238.11

Conserved Domains (2) summary

COG5333
Location:8 → 216

CCL1; Cdk activating kinase (CAK)/RNA polymerase II transcription initiation/nucleotide excision repair factor TFIIH/TFIIK, cyclin H subunit [Cell division and chromosome partitioning / Transcription / DNA replication, recombination, and repair]

cd00043
Location:37 → 108

CYCLIN; Cyclin box fold. Protein binding domain functioning in cell-cycle and transcription control. Present in cyclins, TFIIB and Retinoblastoma (RB).The cyclins consist of 8 classes of cell cycle regulators that regulate cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs). TFIIB ...
NM_001320748.2 → NP_001307677.1 cyclin-T2 isoform d

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (d) contains an alternate internal exon and an alternate internal segment in the 3' end compared to variant a. The resulting isoform (d) has a shorter and distinct N-terminus and a longer and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

AC016725, AK294889, BI769278

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B4DH21

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl02571
Location:152 → 283

RhoGEF; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.
NM_001320749.2 → NP_001307678.1 cyclin-T2 isoform e

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (e) contains an alternate internal exon and an alternate internal segment in the 3' end compared to variant a. The resulting isoform (e) is shorter at the N-terminus and has a longer and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

AC016725, AK294889

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B4DH21

Conserved Domains (1) summary

COG5422
Location:121 → 252

ROM1; RhoGEF, Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases [Signal transduction mechanisms]
NM_058241.3 → NP_490595.1 cyclin-T2 isoform b

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_490595.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (b) contains an additional internal fragment in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant a. The resulting isoform (b) is longer and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

AC016725, AK292913, AK294889

Consensus CDS

CCDS2174.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8KA48, D3DP73, D3DP74, O60582, O60583, Q29R66, Q53SR4, Q5I1Y0

Related

ENSP00000264157.5, ENST00000264157.10

Conserved Domains (2) summary

COG5333
Location:8 → 216

CCL1; Cdk activating kinase (CAK)/RNA polymerase II transcription initiation/nucleotide excision repair factor TFIIH/TFIIK, cyclin H subunit [Cell division and chromosome partitioning / Transcription / DNA replication, recombination, and repair]

cd00043
Location:37 → 108

CYCLIN; Cyclin box fold. Protein binding domain functioning in cell-cycle and transcription control. Present in cyclins, TFIIB and Retinoblastoma (RB).The cyclins consist of 8 classes of cell cycle regulators that regulate cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs). TFIIB ...

RNA

NR_037649.2 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (c) has an addition exon, compared to variant a. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant a, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AC016725, AK294889
NR_135468.2 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (f) contains an alternate exon, uses an alternate splice junction, and contains an alternate segment in the 3' end compared to variant a. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant a, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AC016725, BX648174