PTGDS prostaglandin D2 synthase [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PTGDSprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: prostaglandin D2 synthaseprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:9592
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000107317 MIM:176803; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9592
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PDS; PGD2; PGDS; LPGDS; PGDS2; L-PGDS
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase that catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to postaglandin D2 (PGD2). PGD2 functions as a neuromodulator as well as a trophic factor in the central nervous system. PGD2 is also involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. This gene is preferentially expressed in brain. Studies with transgenic mice overexpressing this gene suggest that this gene may be also involved in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in testis (RPKM 1025.8), heart (RPKM 481.7) and 13 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9q34.3

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	9	NC_000009.12 (136977504..136981742)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	9	NC_060933.1 (149211911..149216153)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	9	NC_000009.11 (139871956..139876194)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Leveraging cell death patterns to predict metastasis in prostate adenocarcinoma and targeting PTGDS for tumor suppression.
Title: Leveraging cell death patterns to predict metastasis in prostate adenocarcinoma and targeting PTGDS for tumor suppression.
PGD2/PTGDR2 Signal Affects the Viability, Invasion, Apoptosis, and Stemness of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells and Prevents the Progression of Gastric Cancer.
Title: PGD2/PTGDR2 Signal Affects the Viability, Invasion, Apoptosis, and Stemness of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells and Prevents the Progression of Gastric Cancer.
Thermodynamic stability of human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase under various pH conditions.
Title: Thermodynamic stability of human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase under various pH conditions.
Sex-differences in prostaglandin signaling: a semi-systematic review and characterization of PTGDS expression in human sensory neurons.
Title: Sex-differences in prostaglandin signaling: a semi-systematic review and characterization of PTGDS expression in human sensory neurons.
Glycoprotein PTGDS promotes tumorigenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by MYH9-mediated regulation of Wnt-beta-catenin-STAT3 signaling.
Title: Glycoprotein PTGDS promotes tumorigenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by MYH9-mediated regulation of Wnt-β-catenin-STAT3 signaling.
SNX10 and PTGDS are associated with the progression and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
Title: SNX10 and PTGDS are associated with the progression and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
COX and PTGDS Gene Expression Levels in PGD2 Synthesis Pathway are Correlated with miR-520 in Patients with Vessel Restenosis.
Title: COX and PTGDS Gene Expression Levels in PGD2 Synthesis Pathway are Correlated with miR-520 in Patients with Vessel Restenosis.
GGA3 interacts with L-type prostaglandin D synthase and regulates the recycling and signaling of the DP1 receptor for prostaglandin D2 in a Rab4-dependent mechanism.
Title: GGA3 interacts with L-type prostaglandin D synthase and regulates the recycling and signaling of the DP1 receptor for prostaglandin D(2) in a Rab4-dependent mechanism.
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase levels increase in patients with narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia.
Title: Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase levels increase in patients with narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia.
Evidence for shrunken pore syndrome in children.
Title: Evidence for shrunken pore syndrome in children.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (95)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association analyses identify multiple loci associated with central corneal thickness and keratoconus. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide significant locus of beta-trace protein, a novel kidney function biomarker, identified in European and African Americans. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
matrix	gag	HIV-1 MA increases PTGDS mRNA expression in HepG2 cells	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH93947 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:91002

STS-M98539 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:24800

D9S905 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:58363

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables fatty acid binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables prostaglandin-D synthase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables prostaglandin-D synthase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables prostaglandin-D synthase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables retinoid binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cyclooxygenase pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in mast cell degranulation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of male germ cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to glucocorticoid	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nuclear membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in rough endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase

Names: PGD2 synthase; beta-trace protein; cerebrin-28; glutathione-independent PGD synthase; glutathione-independent PGD synthetase; lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase; prostaglandin D synthase; prostaglandin D2 synthase 21kDa (brain); testis tissue sperm-binding protein Li 63n

NP_000945.3

EC 5.3.99.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.