GPX2 glutathione peroxidase 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GPX2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: glutathione peroxidase 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4554
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000176153 MIM:138319; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4554
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: GPRP; GPx-2; GI-GPx; GPRP-2; GPx-GI; GSHPx-2; GSHPX-GI
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family, members of which catalyze the reduction of organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by glutathione, and thereby protect cells against oxidative damage. Several isozymes of this gene family exist in vertebrates, which vary in cellular location and substrate specificity. This isozyme is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract (also in liver in human), is localized in the cytoplasm, and whose preferred substrate is hydrogen peroxide. Overexpression of this gene is associated with increased differentiation and proliferation in colorectal cancer. This isozyme is also a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]
Expression: Biased expression in gall bladder (RPKM 164.4), stomach (RPKM 114.6) and 8 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14q23.3

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	14	NC_000014.9 (64939158..64942745, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	14	NC_060938.1 (59144027..59147614, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	14	NC_000014.8 (65405876..65409463, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Long non-coding RNA NMRAL2P promotes glycolysis and reduces ROS in head and neck tumors by interacting with the ENO1 protein and promoting GPX2 transcription.
Title: Long non-coding RNA NMRAL2P promotes glycolysis and reduces ROS in head and neck tumors by interacting with the ENO1 protein and promoting GPX2 transcription.
ACVRL1 drives resistance to multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors in colorectal cancer by promoting USP15-mediated GPX2 stabilization.
Title: ACVRL1 drives resistance to multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors in colorectal cancer by promoting USP15-mediated GPX2 stabilization.
Glutathione peroxidase 2 knockdown suppresses gastric cancer progression and metastasis via regulation of kynurenine metabolism.
Title: Glutathione peroxidase 2 knockdown suppresses gastric cancer progression and metastasis via regulation of kynurenine metabolism.
Glutathione peroxidase 2: A key factor in the development of microsatellite instability in colon cancer.
Title: Glutathione peroxidase 2: A key factor in the development of microsatellite instability in colon cancer.
Glutathione peroxidase 2 overexpression promotes malignant progression and cisplatin resistance of KRASmutated lung cancer cells.
Title: Glutathione peroxidase 2 overexpression promotes malignant progression and cisplatin resistance of KRAS‑mutated lung cancer cells.
Redox signaling by glutathione peroxidase 2 links vascular modulation to metabolic plasticity of breast cancer.
Title: Redox signaling by glutathione peroxidase 2 links vascular modulation to metabolic plasticity of breast cancer.
Iron-mediated epigenetic activation of NRF2 targets.
Title: Iron-mediated epigenetic activation of NRF2 targets.
Reduced Expression Level of GPX2 in T1 Bladder Cancer and its Role in Early-phase Invasion of Bladder Cancer.
Title: Reduced Expression Level of GPX2 in T1 Bladder Cancer and its Role in Early-phase Invasion of Bladder Cancer.
GPX2 silencing relieves epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer by downregulating Wnt pathway.
Title: GPX2 silencing relieves epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer by downregulating Wnt pathway.
The combined use of EFS, GPX2, and SPRR1A expression could distinguish favorable from poor clinical outcome among epithelial-like head and neck carcinoma subtypes.
Title: The combined use of EFS, GPX2, and SPRR1A expression could distinguish favorable from poor clinical outcome among epithelial-like head and neck carcinoma subtypes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (40)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	GPX2 is downregulated in HIV-1 Tat and NC cotransfection of HEK 293T cells	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat causes a greater than 50% decrease in intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), leading to the extracellular appearance of acidic FGF-1, an effect that is partially mediated through modulation of GSH biosynthetic enzymes	PubMed
	tat	Expression of HIV-1 Tat in HeLa cells downregulates cytoplasmic glutathione peroxidase while upregulating phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, thereby deregulating intracellular oxidant/antioxidant balance and amplifying UV sensitivity	PubMed
nucleocapsid	gag	Glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) is downregulated in HIV-1 Tat and NC cotransfection of HEK 293T cells	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

GPX2_2113 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:280741

RH48489 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:27324

WI-7016 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:10480

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables electron transfer activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables glutathione peroxidase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glutathione peroxidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to oxidative stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in intercellular bridge	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in mitotic spindle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutathione peroxidase 2

Names: gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase; glutathione peroxidase 2 (gastrointestinal); glutathione peroxidase-related protein 2; phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase GPX2; selenoprotein GPX2

NP_002074.2

EC 1.11.1.12

EC 1.11.1.9

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_002083.4 → NP_002074.2 glutathione peroxidase 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002074.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the protein-coding transcript.

Source sequence(s)

BC022820, BG429974

Consensus CDS

CCDS41964.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P18283, Q6PJ52, Q8WWI7, Q9NRP9

Related

ENSP00000374265.5, ENST00000389614.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00340
Location:7 → 182

GSH_Peroxidase; Glutathione (GSH) peroxidase family; tetrameric selenoenzymes that catalyze the reduction of a variety of hydroperoxides including lipid peroxidases, using GSH as a specific electron donor substrate. GSH peroxidase contains one selenocysteine residue per ...

RNA

NR_046320.2 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an additional internal exon compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translation start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AK225871, BC022820

Related

ENST00000553522.1
NR_046321.2 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains an additional internal exon compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translation start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AK225871, AL139022, BC022820, BF207526
NR_138078.2 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) contains an additional internal exon compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translation start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AA135289, BC022820, BF207526, BF759921, BG429974, BI015236