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    NEUROG2 neurogenin 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 63973, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    NEUROG2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    neurogenin 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:13805
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000178403 MIM:606624; AllianceGenome:HGNC:13805
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    NGN2; Atoh4; ngn-2; Math4A; bHLHa8
    Summary
    This gene encodes a neural-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that can specify a neuronal fate on ectodermal cells and is expressed in neural progenitor cells within the developing central and peripheral nervous systems. The protein product of this gene also plays a role in the differentiation and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]
    Expression
    Restricted expression toward testis (RPKM 1.1) See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See NEUROG2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    4q25
    Exon count:
    2
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (112513516..112516180, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (115821850..115824514, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (113434672..113437336, complement)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene alpha kinase 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 420 Neighboring gene regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene TOX high mobility group box family member 4 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:113430154-113430818 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21828 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15638 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15639 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15640 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900760 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:113438107-113438987 Neighboring gene NEUROG2 and ZGRF1 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs981 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15641 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15642 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L23a pseudogene 94

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Combining NGN2 Programming with Developmental Patterning Generates Human Excitatory Neurons with NMDAR-Mediated Synaptic Transmission. Nehme R, et al. Cell Rep, 2018 May 22. PMID 29791859, Free PMC Article
    2. Genetic analysis of the NEUROG2 gene in patients with Parkinson's disease. Deng S, et al. Neurosci Lett, 2010 Jan 14. PMID 19879328
    3. Grafted human embryonic progenitors expressing neurogenin-2 stimulate axonal sprouting and improve motor recovery after severe spinal cord injury. Perrin FE, et al. PLoS One, 2010 Dec 30. PMID 21209909, Free PMC Article
    4. Neurogenin 2 enhances the generation of patient-specific induced neuronal cells. Zhao P, et al. Brain Res, 2015 Jul 30. PMID 25912433
    5. neurogenin2 elicits the genesis of retinal neurons from cultures of nonneural cells. Yan RT, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2001 Dec 18. PMID 11752450, Free PMC Article

    See all (28) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Generation of human excitatory forebrain neurons by cooperative binding of proneural NGN2 and homeobox factor EMX1.
      Title: Generation of human excitatory forebrain neurons by cooperative binding of proneural NGN2 and homeobox factor EMX1.
    2. Neurogenin-2 induced neuronal differentiation in co-cultured bone marrow stromal and neonatal cortical cells.
      Title: Neurogenin-2 induced neuronal differentiation in co-cultured bone marrow stromal and neonatal cortical cells.
    3. Cend1 and Neurog2 efficiently reprogram human cortical astrocytes to neural precursor cells and induced-neurons.
      Title: Cend1 and Neurog2 efficiently reprogram human cortical astrocytes to neural precursor cells and induced-neurons.
    4. NGN2 induces diverse neuron types from human pluripotency.
      Title: NGN2 induces diverse neuron types from human pluripotency.
    5. MiR-211 determines brain metastasis specificity through SOX11/NGN2 axis in triple-negative breast cancer.
      Title: MiR-211 determines brain metastasis specificity through SOX11/NGN2 axis in triple-negative breast cancer.
    6. HOTAIRM1 regulates neuronal differentiation by modulating NEUROGENIN 2 and the downstream neurogenic cascade.
      Title: HOTAIRM1 regulates neuronal differentiation by modulating NEUROGENIN 2 and the downstream neurogenic cascade.
    7. Generation and optimization of highly pure motor neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells via lentiviral delivery of transcription factors.
      Title: Generation and optimization of highly pure motor neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells via lentiviral delivery of transcription factors.
    8. combining NGN2 programming with SMAD and WNT inhibition generates human patterned induced neurons
      Title: Combining NGN2 Programming with Developmental Patterning Generates Human Excitatory Neurons with NMDAR-Mediated Synaptic Transmission.
    9. Study shows neurogenin 2 enhances the generation of patient-specific induced neuronal cells.
      Title: Neurogenin 2 enhances the generation of patient-specific induced neuronal cells.
    10. Results show that neurogenin-1 and -2 drive homogeneous differentiation of human stem cells into bipolar neurons in 4 days in defined media.
      Title: Rapid neurogenesis through transcriptional activation in human stem cells.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (15)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC46562

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		  
    enables E-box binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables E-box binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein dimerization activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in axon development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in forebrain development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in sensory organ development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chromatin ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    neurogenin-2
    Names
    class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 8
    protein atonal homolog 4

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_024019.4 → NP_076924.1  neurogenin-2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_076924.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC023886, BC036847
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3698.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8N416, Q9H2A3
      Related
      ENSP00000317333.3, ENST00000313341.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd19717
      Location:104 → 172
      bHLH_TS_NGN2_ATOH4; basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain found in neurogenin-2 (NGN-2) and similar proteins

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      112513516..112516180 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      115821850..115824514 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9H2A3.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9H2A3

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
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