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    GLRX glutaredoxin [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2745, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    GLRXprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    glutaredoxinprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4330
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000173221 MIM:600443; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4330
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    GRX; GRX1
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the glutaredoxin family. The encoded protein is a cytoplasmic enzyme catalyzing the reversible reduction of glutathione-protein mixed disulfides. This enzyme highly contributes to the antioxidant defense system. It is crucial for several signalling pathways by controlling the S-glutathionylation status of signalling mediators. It is involved in beta-amyloid toxicity and Alzheimer's disease. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
    Expression
    Broad expression in kidney (RPKM 54.1), small intestine (RPKM 45.6) and 22 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See GLRX in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    5q15
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (95813849..95822726, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (96315076..96323967, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (95149553..95158430, complement)

    Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene spermatogenesis associated 9 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105379090 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr5:95051904-95052077 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22799 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22800 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 16186 Neighboring gene Rho related BTB domain containing 3 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 16187 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22801 Neighboring gene heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 pseudogene 11 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22802 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22803 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22804 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22805 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22806 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22807 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:95159178-95159678 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901029 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22808 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC102724720 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22809 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22810 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22811 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22812 Neighboring gene GGCT pseudogene 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Grx1 efficiently catalyzes gp120 and CD4 disulfide reduction in vitro. Purified anti-Grx1 antibodies are shown to inhibit the Grx1 activity in vitro and block HIV-1 replication in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    glutaredoxin-1
    Names
    TTase-1
    thioltransferase
    thioltransferase-1
    NP_001112362.1
    NP_001230587.1
    NP_001230588.1
    NP_002055.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029797.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5148..14025
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001118890.2NP_001112362.1  glutaredoxin-1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001112362.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW128930, AW792936, BC010965, BP196332, D21238
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4078.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R4L2, P35754, Q3KQS1, Q6ICT1
      Related
      ENSP00000237858.6, ENST00000237858.11
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR02180
      Location:1599
      GRX_euk; Glutaredoxin
    2. NM_001243658.2NP_001230587.1  glutaredoxin-1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230587.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008821, BG547098
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4078.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R4L2, P35754, Q3KQS1, Q6ICT1
      Related
      ENSP00000427353.1, ENST00000505427.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR02180
      Location:1599
      GRX_euk; Glutaredoxin
    3. NM_001243659.2NP_001230588.1  glutaredoxin-1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230588.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA485178, AC008821, BP196332, BU949348
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4078.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R4L2, P35754, Q3KQS1, Q6ICT1
      Related
      ENSP00000424636.2, ENST00000512469.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR02180
      Location:1599
      GRX_euk; Glutaredoxin
    4. NM_002064.3NP_002055.1  glutaredoxin-1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002055.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW128930, AW792936, BC010965, BE738446, BP196332, BX106369, D21238
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4078.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R4L2, P35754, Q3KQS1, Q6ICT1
      Related
      ENSP00000369314.4, ENST00000379979.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR02180
      Location:1599
      GRX_euk; Glutaredoxin

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      95813849..95822726 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      96315076..96323967 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)