PLA2G3 phospholipase A2 group III [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PLA2G3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: phospholipase A2 group IIIprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:17934
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000100078 MIM:611651; AllianceGenome:HGNC:17934
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: SPLA2III; sPLA2-III; GIII-SPLA2
Summary: This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the secreted phospholipase A2 family, whose members include the bee venom enzyme. The encoded enzyme functions in lipid metabolism and catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the sn-2 acyl bond of phospholipids to release arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids. This enzyme acts as a negative regulator of ciliogenesis, and may play a role in cancer development by stimulating tumor cell growth and angiogenesis. This gene is associated with oxidative stress, and polymorphisms in this gene are linked to risk for Alzheimer's disease. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]
Expression: Biased expression in skin (RPKM 3.5), esophagus (RPKM 1.9) and 4 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 22q12.2

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	22	NC_000022.11 (31134807..31140508, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	22	NC_060946.1 (31598311..31604012, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	22	NC_000022.10 (31530793..31536494, complement)

Chromosome 22 - NC_000022.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Group III phospholipase A2 downregulation attenuated survival and metastasis in ovarian cancer and promotes chemo-sensitization.
Title: Group III phospholipase A2 downregulation attenuated survival and metastasis in ovarian cancer and promotes chemo-sensitization.
Several hits were discovered, and data have been uploaded to PubChem. This study describes the first high-throughput optical screening assay for secreted phospholipase A2 inhibitors based on a phospholipid vesicle substrate
Title: Fluorometric High-Throughput Screening Assay for Secreted Phospholipases A2 Using Phospholipid Vesicles.
Studies indicate that the expression of secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s), most notably the group IIA, III and X enzymes, is dysregulated in various malignant tissues.
Title: Secreted phospholipases A2 in cancer: diverse mechanisms of action.
Studies indicate that phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1) may act as a clearance or signaling receptor for secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2s).
Title: Emerging roles of secreted phospholipase A2 enzymes: the 3rd edition.
sPLA2GIII expression may be used as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis and a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. In addition, sPLA2GIII and sPLA2GX may play opposing roles in colorectal carcinogenesis
Title: Phospholipase A2 Group III and Group X Have Opposing Associations with Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer.
Data indicate that the expression of genes encoding hGIIA, hGIII and hGX sPLA2s (PLA2G2A, PLA2G3 and PLA2G10, respectively) in breast tumour biopsies differs from that in normal tissues.
Title: Secreted phospholipases A₂are differentially expressed and epigenetically silenced in human breast cancer cells.
we describe that PLA2G3 gene silencing produced a marked inhibition of xanthine/xanthine oxidase induced cell death, and that PLA2G3 polymorphisms are associated with Alzheimer disease in a Spanish case-control sample.
Title: PLA2G3, a gene involved in oxidative stress induced death, is associated with Alzheimer's disease.
The availability of the human group III phospholipase A(2) (hIIIPLA(2)) amino acid sequence offers an opportunity to study its structural features by modeling.
Title: Human group III PLA2 as a drug target: structural analysis and inhibitor binding studies.
Secreted PLA2 III induces apoptosis of primary cortical neurons in culture by suppressing production of Bcl-xl, promoting Bax, augmenting caspase 3 and cleaving alpha-fodrin.
Title: Hypoxic preconditioning suppresses group III secreted phospholipase A2-induced apoptosis via JAK2-STAT3 activation in cortical neurons.
Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: Polymorphisms in innate immunity genes and patients response to dendritic cell-based HIV immuno-treatment.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study identifies ephrin type A receptors implicated in paclitaxel induced peripheral sensory neuropathy. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	HIV-1 gp120 induces a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through binding to CD4, but this effect is not sufficient to accomplish virus/cell fusion	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 gp120 causes an activation of phospholipase A2, resulting in the increased release of arachidonic acid, which may sensitize the NMDA receptor	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

STS-R40003 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:52293

G32496 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:117081

A009F03 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:51838

RH70642 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:90033

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acrosome assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in arachidonate secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell maturation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cilium assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in lipoxygenase pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in macrophage activation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in mast cell degranulation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of gene expression	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidic acid metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylcholine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylglycerol metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylinositol metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylserine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phospholipid metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of histamine secretion by mast cell	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of mast cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of neuron projection development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of endocytic recycling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sperm axoneme assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in centriole	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular space	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in recycling endosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: group 3 secretory phospholipase A2

Names: group III secreted phospholipase A2; phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 3; phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIII

NP_056530.2

EC 3.1.1.4

XP_011528506.1

EC 3.1.1.4

XP_011528507.1

EC 3.1.1.4

XP_054181637.1

EC 3.1.1.4

XP_054181638.1

EC 3.1.1.4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_015715.5 → NP_056530.2 group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_056530.2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC005005, AF220490, BC025316

Consensus CDS

CCDS13889.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O95768, Q9NZ20

Related

ENSP00000215885.3, ENST00000215885.4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd04704
Location:151 → 247

PLA2_bee_venom_like; PLA2_bee_venom_like: A sub-family of Phospholipase A2, similar to bee venom PLA2. PLA2 is a super-family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. Enzymatically active PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position of the ...

cd04705
Location:314 → 427

PLA2_group_III_like; PLA2_group_III_like: A sub-family of Phospholipase A2, similar to human group III PLA2. PLA2 is a super-family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. Enzymatically active PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000022.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

31134807..31140508 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_011530205.2 → XP_011528507.1 group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011528507.1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd04705
Location:133 → 246

PLA2_group_III_like; PLA2_group_III_like: A sub-family of Phospholipase A2, similar to human group III PLA2. PLA2 is a super-family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. Enzymatically active PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position ...

cl05417
Location:35 → 66

PLA2_like; PLA2_like: Phospholipase A2, a super-family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone of phospholipids (PC or phosphatidylethanolamine), usually in a ...
XM_011530204.2 → XP_011528506.1 group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011528506.1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd04705
Location:133 → 246

PLA2_group_III_like; PLA2_group_III_like: A sub-family of Phospholipase A2, similar to human group III PLA2. PLA2 is a super-family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. Enzymatically active PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position ...

cl05417
Location:35 → 66

PLA2_like; PLA2_like: Phospholipase A2, a super-family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone of phospholipids (PC or phosphatidylethanolamine), usually in a ...