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Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120
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env
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Treatment of CD4+ T cells with HIV-1 gp120 significantly increases CD4 association with CD3, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD59, CD38, CD26 and HLA class I, and decreases that with CD45RC |
PubMed
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env
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Conformational changes in HIV-1 gp120, including an enhanced expression of the V3 loop of gp120 and of epitopes that are exposed upon CD4 binding, are consistent with the formation of a multimolecular complex between HLA class I and gp120/160 |
PubMed
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Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor
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env
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HIV-1 gp160-derived peptide p18 presented by H-2Dd class I major histocompatibility complex molecules is processed by angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE) prior to T cell stimulation by the peptide p18 |
PubMed
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Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41
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env
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Soluble HIV-1 gp41 can selectively enhance MHC class I and II expression on human B cells, but does not increase expression of other cell surface antigens such as CD21 and CD54 (ICAM-1) |
PubMed
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env
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Soluble HIV-1 gp41 enhancement effects on MHC class I and II antigen expression can be inhibited by soluble gp41-binding proteins of 45, 49 and 62 kD from human B cells |
PubMed
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env
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HIV-1 gp41 selectively enhances MHC class I, ICAM-1, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-omega expression in H9 cells |
PubMed
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Nef
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nef
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HIV-1 Nef downregulates the expression of MHC-I at the surface of lymphoid, monocytic and epithelial cells, causing MHC-I molecules to be rapidly internalized, accumulated in endosomal vesicles and degraded |
PubMed
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nef
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Double (W13A/V16R) and triple (W13A/V16R/M20A) substitution mutants of HIV-1 Nef fail to downregulate MHC-I |
PubMed
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nef
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HIV-1 Nef-mediated downregulation of MHC-I requires Nef motif EEEE(65)-dependent binding to the sorting protein PACS-2, which targets Nef to the paranuclear region and enables Nef PXXP(75) to bind and activate a trans-Golgi network localized Src kinase |
PubMed
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nef
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HIV-1 Nef-induced downregulation of MHC-I expression and MHC-I targeting to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) require the binding of Nef to PACS-1, a molecule that controls the TGN localization of the cellular protein furin |
PubMed
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nef
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HIV-1 Nef downregulates expression of MHC-I by blocking transport of MHC-I molecules to the cell surface through a mechanism that requires phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activity |
PubMed
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nef
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Interaction of HIV-1 Nef with the mu subunit of AP adaptor complexes requires the recognition of tyrosine-based sorting signals, which likely facilitates the connection between MHC I and the clathrin-dependent sorting machinery |
PubMed
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nef
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A methionine residue at amino acid 20 in the alpha-helix domain is required for the ability of HIV-1 Nef to downregulate MHC-I expression but not for the downregulation of CD4 |
PubMed
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nef
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Four glutamic acids from position 62 to 65 in the SH3 domain of HIV-1 Nef bind to the cytoplasmic tail at position 320Y of MHC-I, and are required for the Nef-mediated downregulation of MHC-I from the cell surface |
PubMed
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nef
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Amino acid residue Y320 in the MHC-I cytoplasmic domain and residues E62-65 and P78 in HIV-1 Nef are required for interaction with the mu subunit of AP-1 |
PubMed
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nef
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MHC-I is found in the Rab7(+) vesicles and is targeted for degradation via the activity of the Nef-interacting protein, beta-COP |
PubMed
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nef
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Deletion of the 19 N-terminal amino acids including the myristoylation signal from HIV-1 Nef inhibits both MHC-I and CD4 downregulation while preserving most CTL, T-helper and B-cell epitopes |
PubMed
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nef
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HLA-G, which is mainly expressed in placental tissues and in thymic epithelial cells, resists Nef-induced cell surface downregulation as a result of its short intracytoplasmic domain |
PubMed
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Tat
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat 47-59 peptide downregulates gene expression of HLA-G histocompatibility antigen, class I, G (HLA-G) in U-937 macrophages |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat upregulates MHC class I in monocyte-derived dendritic cells and CD8(+) T cells, thereby driving T cell-mediated immune responses |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat represses the MHC class I gene promoter by binding to and repressing TAFII250, a component of the general transcription factor TFIID, suggesting a mechanism for HIV-1 to downregulate MHC class I expression and avoid immune surveillance |
PubMed
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Vpu
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vpu
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HLA class I-associated immune responses have minor effects on Vpu variability, suggesting that Vpu conformation and function are preserved through many possible combinations of primary and secondary polymorphisms |
PubMed
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