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    RICTOR RPTOR independent companion of MTOR complex 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 253260, updated on 18-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    RICTORprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    RPTOR independent companion of MTOR complex 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:28611
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000164327 MIM:609022; AllianceGenome:HGNC:28611
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PIA; AVO3; hAVO3
    Summary
    RICTOR and MTOR (FRAP1; MIM 601231) are components of a protein complex that integrates nutrient- and growth factor-derived signals to regulate cell growth (Sarbassov et al., 2004 [PubMed 15268862]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 9.8), testis (RPKM 7.0) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See RICTOR in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    5p13.1
    Exon count:
    41
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (38937920..39074399, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (39187325..39323906, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (38938022..39074501, complement)

    Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene OSMR divergent transcript Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 126A pseudogene Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7781 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986414 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:38810677-38811177 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr5:38830048-38831247 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:38878837-38879338 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:38879339-38879838 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:38908235-38908735 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:38907734-38908234 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:38916726-38917255 Neighboring gene oncostatin M receptor Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_84767 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_84768 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr5:39011967-39012173 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:39073334-39073860 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:39074387-39074913 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22495 Neighboring gene androgen induced 1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14991 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22496 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22497 Neighboring gene FYN binding protein 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12253 Neighboring gene golgin A5 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:39220741-39221242 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14491 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr5:39242438-39242627 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22498 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr5:39283272-39283436 Neighboring gene complement C9

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. RICTOR Amplification Promotes NSCLC Cell Proliferation through Formation and Activation of mTORC2 at the Expense of mTORC1. Kim LC, et al. Mol Cancer Res, 2020 Nov. PMID 32801163, Free PMC Article
    2. Prognostic and therapeutic implications of mTORC1 and Rictor expression in human breast cancer. Wazir U, et al. Oncol Rep, 2013 May. PMID 23503572
    3. Targeting rictor inhibits mouse vascular tumor cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Zheng NN, et al. Neoplasma, 2013. PMID 23067215
    4. Rictor, an essential component of mTOR complex 2, undergoes caspase-mediated cleavage during apoptosis induced by multiple stimuli. Zhao L, et al. Apoptosis, 2021 Jun. PMID 33905036
    5. Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) amplification defines a subset of advanced gastric cancer and is sensitive to AZD2014-mediated mTORC1/2 inhibition. Kim ST, et al. Ann Oncol, 2017 Mar 1. PMID 28028034

    See all (248) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. RICTOR/mTORC2 downregulation in BRAF[V600E] melanoma cells promotes resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibition.
      Title: RICTOR/mTORC2 downregulation in BRAF(V600E) melanoma cells promotes resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibition.
    2. KLF4 Suppresses the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Reducing Tumor ATP Synthesis through Targeting the Mir-206/RICTOR Axis.
      Title: KLF4 Suppresses the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Reducing Tumor ATP Synthesis through Targeting the Mir-206/RICTOR Axis.
    3. RBM45 reprograms lipid metabolism promoting hepatocellular carcinoma via Rictor and ACSL1/ACSL4.
      Title: RBM45 reprograms lipid metabolism promoting hepatocellular carcinoma via Rictor and ACSL1/ACSL4.
    4. Rictor mediates p53 deactivation to facilitate the malignant transformation of hepatocytes and promote hepatocarcinogenesis.
      Title: Rictor mediates p53 deactivation to facilitate the malignant transformation of hepatocytes and promote hepatocarcinogenesis.
    5. Novel RICTOR amplification harbouring entities: FISH validation of RICTOR amplification in tumour tissue after next-generation sequencing.
      Title: Novel RICTOR amplification harbouring entities: FISH validation of RICTOR amplification in tumour tissue after next-generation sequencing.
    6. UBXN2A suppresses the Rictor-mTORC2 signaling pathway, an established tumorigenic pathway in human colorectal cancer.
      Title: UBXN2A suppresses the Rictor-mTORC2 signaling pathway, an established tumorigenic pathway in human colorectal cancer.
    7. Proximity labeling of endogenous RICTOR identifies mTOR complex 2 regulation by ADP ribosylation factor ARF1.
      Title: Proximity labeling of endogenous RICTOR identifies mTOR complex 2 regulation by ADP ribosylation factor ARF1.
    8. Interactions between mTORC2 core subunits Rictor and mSin1 dictate selective and context-dependent phosphorylation of substrate kinases SGK1 and Akt.
      Title: Interactions between mTORC2 core subunits Rictor and mSin1 dictate selective and context-dependent phosphorylation of substrate kinases SGK1 and Akt.
    9. Epithelial-mesenchymal reprogramming by KLF4-regulated Rictor expression contributes to metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer cells.
      Title: Epithelial-mesenchymal reprogramming by KLF4-regulated Rictor expression contributes to metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer cells.
    10. LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 promotes osteogenic differentiation via miR-205-5p/RICTOR axis.
      Title: LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 promotes osteogenic differentiation via miR-205-5p/RICTOR axis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (107)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • KIAA1999, MGC39830, DKFZp686B11164

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables enzyme-substrate adaptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables molecular adaptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables ribosome binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in TORC2 signaling IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in TORC2 signaling IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cytoskeleton organization NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in lipid biosynthetic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of TOR signaling IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of actin filament polymerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell growth NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of establishment of cell polarity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of gene expression IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of inflammatory response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in Golgi apparatus IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of TORC2 complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of TORC2 complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of TORC2 complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in lysosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
    Names
    AVO3 homolog
    TORC2-specific protein AVO3
    pianissimo

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001285439.2 → NP_001272368.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001272368.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an additional in-frame coding exon compared to variant 1. The resulting longer isoform (2) has an internal protein segment not found in isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008964, AC026713, AC109467
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS68861.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q6R327
      Related
      ENSP00000296782.5, ENST00000296782.10
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      pfam14663
      Location:747 → 853
      RasGEF_N_2; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain
      pfam14664
      Location:60 → 437
      RICTOR_N; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term
      pfam14665
      Location:1084 → 1188
      RICTOR_phospho; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site
      pfam14666
      Location:525 → 740
      RICTOR_M; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain
      pfam14668
      Location:922 → 989
      RICTOR_V; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5

    2. NM_001285440.2 → NP_001272369.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses in-frame acceptor splice sites at 2 internal exons compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) is shorter than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008964, AC026713, AC109467
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q6R327
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      pfam14663
      Location:462 → 568
      RasGEF_N_2; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain
      pfam14664
      Location:3 → 152
      RICTOR_N; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term
      pfam14665
      Location:799 → 903
      RICTOR_phospho; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site
      pfam14666
      Location:240 → 455
      RICTOR_M; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain
      pfam14668
      Location:637 → 704
      RICTOR_V; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5

    3. NM_152756.5 → NP_689969.2  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_689969.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant transcript and encodes isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008964, AC026713, AC109467
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS34148.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RNX0, B7ZMF7, Q68DT5, Q6R327, Q86UB7, Q8N3A0, Q8NCM6
      Related
      ENSP00000349959.3, ENST00000357387.8
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      pfam14663
      Location:747 → 853
      RasGEF_N_2; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain
      pfam14664
      Location:58 → 437
      RICTOR_N; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term
      pfam14665
      Location:1085 → 1188
      RICTOR_phospho; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site
      pfam14666
      Location:637 → 740
      RICTOR_M; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain
      pfam14668
      Location:922 → 991
      RICTOR_V; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      38937920..39074399 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047417070.1 → XP_047273026.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X8

    2. XM_017009312.2 → XP_016864801.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D6R9S6
      Related
      ENSP00000423162.2, ENST00000514735.2

    3. XM_047417069.1 → XP_047273025.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X5

    4. XM_017009311.2 → XP_016864800.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X1

    5. XM_006714463.4 → XP_006714526.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X6

      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      pfam14663
      Location:747 → 853
      RasGEF_N_2; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain
      pfam14664
      Location:60 → 437
      RICTOR_N; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term
      pfam14665
      Location:1084 → 1188
      RICTOR_phospho; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site
      pfam14666
      Location:525 → 740
      RICTOR_M; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain
      pfam14668
      Location:922 → 989
      RICTOR_V; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5

    6. XM_011514005.3 → XP_011512307.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0AA34QVX7
      Related
      ENSP00000518562.1, ENST00000711063.1
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      pfam14663
      Location:747 → 853
      RasGEF_N_2; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain
      pfam14664
      Location:60 → 437
      RICTOR_N; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term
      pfam14665
      Location:1084 → 1188
      RICTOR_phospho; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site
      pfam14666
      Location:525 → 740
      RICTOR_M; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain
      pfam14668
      Location:922 → 989
      RICTOR_V; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5

    7. XM_047417068.1 → XP_047273024.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X4

    8. XM_011514006.4 → XP_011512308.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X7

      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      pfam14663
      Location:684 → 790
      RasGEF_N_2; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain
      pfam14664
      Location:2 → 374
      RICTOR_N; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term
      pfam14665
      Location:1021 → 1125
      RICTOR_phospho; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site
      pfam14666
      Location:462 → 677
      RICTOR_M; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain
      pfam14668
      Location:859 → 926
      RICTOR_V; Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      39187325..39323906 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054352286.1 → XP_054208261.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X8

    2. XM_054352281.1 → XP_054208256.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D6R9S6

    3. XM_054352283.1 → XP_054208258.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X5

    4. XM_054352279.1 → XP_054208254.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X1

    5. XM_054352284.1 → XP_054208259.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X6

    6. XM_054352280.1 → XP_054208255.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0AA34QVX7

    7. XM_054352282.1 → XP_054208257.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X4

    8. XM_054352285.1 → XP_054208260.1  rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X7

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q6R327.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q6R327

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