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    Acr acrosin prepropeptide [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 11434, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Acrprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    acrosin prepropeptideprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:87884
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000022622 AllianceGenome:MGI:87884
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Summary
    Enables peptidase activity. Involved in single fertilization. Acts upstream of or within binding activity of sperm to zona pellucida and penetration of zona pellucida. Located in acrosomal vesicle. Is expressed in testis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in spermatogenic failure 87. Orthologous to human ACR (acrosin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 49.5) and CNS E18 (RPKM 1.3) See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Acr in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    15 E3; 15 44.96 cM
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 15 NC_000081.7 (89452549..89458790)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 15 NC_000081.6 (89568326..89578853)

    Chromosome 15 - NC_000081.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 Neighboring gene predicted gene 15609 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39468 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 36221 Neighboring gene RAB, member RAS oncogene family-like 2 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39470 Neighboring gene NMD3 homolog pseudogene

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. cDNA cloning and functional analysis of ascidian sperm proacrosin. Kodama E, et al. J Biol Chem, 2001 Jul 6. PMID 11313341
    2. Acrosin biosynthesis in meiotic and postmeiotic spermatogenic cells. Kashiwabara S, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1990 Nov 30. PMID 1701633
    3. Toward a structural basis for the function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and their cousins. Karlin A, et al. Neuron, 1995 Dec. PMID 8845149
    4. Structure and organization of the mouse acrosin gene. Watanabe K, et al. J Biochem, 1991 Jun. PMID 1939002
    5. Mouse preproacrosin: cDNA sequence, primary structure and postmeiotic expression in spermatogenesis. Klemm U, et al. Differentiation, 1990 Feb. PMID 2111255

    See all (46) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. SERPINA3K is involved in the Clock gene-mediated male fertility by regulating acrosin activity and provide the first evidence that SERPINA3K could be regulated by Clock gene via retinoic acid-related orphan receptor response elements.
      Title: The circadian Clock gene regulates acrosin activity of sperm through serine protease inhibitor A3K.
    2. ACR or PRSS21 or both may function cooperatively with SPAM1 in sperm/cumulus penetration
      Title: Functional characterization of double-knockout mouse sperm lacking SPAM1 and ACR or SPAM1 and PRSS21 in fertilization.
    3. These data demonstrate that the trypsinlike protease activity of ACR and PRSS21 is essential for the process of sperm penetration through the cumulus matrix and zona pellucida in vitro
      Title: Mice lacking two sperm serine proteases, ACR and PRSS21, are subfertile, but the mutant sperm are infertile in vitro.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (3) 
    • Targeted (2)  1 citation

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC124043

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables D-mannose binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables D-mannose binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables amidase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables fucose binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables peptidase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables serine-type endopeptidase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables serine-type endopeptidase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables serine-type endopeptidase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables serine-type endopeptidase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables serine-type peptidase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in acrosome matrix dispersal IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in acrosome matrix dispersal ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in acrosome reaction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in acrosome reaction ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in acrosome reaction ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in acrosome reaction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in activation of adenylate cyclase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in activation of adenylate cyclase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within binding of sperm to zona pellucida IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within penetration of zona pellucida IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within penetration of zona pellucida IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in penetration of zona pellucida ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein catabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to steroid hormone IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to steroid hormone ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in single fertilization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi-associated vesicle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in Golgi-associated vesicle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in acrosomal matrix TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in acrosomal vesicle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in acrosomal vesicle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    part_of protein-containing complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of protein-containing complex ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    acrosin
    Names
    preproacrosin
    NP_001191978.1
    NP_001264174.1
    NP_001264175.1
    NP_001264176.1
    NP_001398097.1
    NP_001398098.1
    NP_038483.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001205049.2 → NP_001191978.1  acrosin isoform 2 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC122401
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3ZB04
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00020
      Location:42 → 238
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease
      cd00190
      Location:43 → 238
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

    2. NM_001277245.2 → NP_001264174.1  acrosin isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001264174.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' end, which results in the use of a downstream AUG translation initiation site, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3, which is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 3, 4 and 7 encode the same isoform (3).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC122401
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3ZB05, Q3ZB06
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00020
      Location:1 → 230
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease

    3. NM_001277246.2 → NP_001264175.1  acrosin isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001264175.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' end, which results in the use of a downstream AUG translation initiation site, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3, which is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 3, 4 and 7 encode the same isoform (3).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC122401
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3ZB05, Q3ZB06
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00020
      Location:1 → 230
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease

    4. NM_001277247.2 → NP_001264176.1  acrosin isoform 4 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (4) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC122401
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3ZB06
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00020
      Location:27 → 244
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease
      cd00190
      Location:26 → 247
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

    5. NM_001411168.1 → NP_001398097.1  acrosin isoform 5 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 5, which has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC122401
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3ZB04
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000155369.2, ENSMUST00000230978.2

    6. NM_001411169.1 → NP_001398098.1  acrosin isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' end, which results in the use of a downstream AUG translation initiation site, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3, which is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 3, 4 and 7 encode the same isoform (3).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC122401
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3ZB05, Q3ZB06

    7. NM_013455.4 → NP_038483.1  acrosin isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_038483.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC122401
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS27755.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P23578
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3ZB06
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000023295.3, ENSMUST00000023295.3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00020
      Location:42 → 286
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease
      cd00190
      Location:43 → 289
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000081.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      89452549..89458790
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_001277248.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_001277248.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is support for the transcript but not for the protein.
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P23578.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P23578

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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