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    Sh Shaker [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 32780, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Shprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    Shakerprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0003380
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG12348
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0003380
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    BcDNA:GH03046; CG12348; CG17860; CG7640; Dmel\CG12348; Eko; EKO; F-c; Kv1; K[[v]]1; minisleep; mns; sh; SH; sha; Sha; Shw; V-I
    Summary
    Enables voltage-gated cation channel activity. Involved in several processes, including mating behavior, sex discrimination; proboscis extension reflex; and regulation of synaptic activity. Is integral component of membrane. Part of voltage-gated potassium channel complex. Is expressed in several structures, including adult antennal nerve; motor neurons; protocerebrum; somatic muscle cell of abdomen; and somatic muscle cell of prothorax. Used to study epilepsy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 32; episodic ataxia type 1; familial atrial fibrillation; and pulmonary hypertension. Orthologous to several human genes including KCNA1 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1); KCNA2 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2); and KCNA3 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    16F3-16F6; 1-59 cM
    Exon count:
    28
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) X NC_004354.4 (17924307..18063247, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) X NC_004354.3 (17818340..17957278, complement)

    Chromosome X - NC_004354.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Vacuolar protein sorting 4 Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Dynein heavy chain at 16F Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene transcriptional Adaptor 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Mechanisms Underlying C-type Inactivation in Kv Channels: Lessons From Structures of Human Kv1.3 and Fly Shaker-IR Channels. Ong ST, et al. Front Pharmacol, 2022. PMID 35833027, Free PMC Article
    2. A Molecular Lid Mechanism of K(+) Channel Blocker Action Revealed by a Cone Peptide. Saikia C, et al. J Mol Biol, 2021 Aug 20. PMID 33771569
    3. Molecular basis for functional connectivity between the voltage sensor and the selectivity filter gate in Shaker K(+) channels. Bassetto CA, et al. Elife, 2021 Feb 23. PMID 33620313, Free PMC Article
    4. Potassium channel Shaker play a protective role against cardiac aging in Drosophila. Liu XW, et al. Yi Chuan, 2021 Jan 20. PMID 33509778
    5. S4-S5 linker movement during activation and inactivation in voltage-gated K(+) channels. Kalstrup T, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2018 Jul 17. PMID 29959207, Free PMC Article

    See all (667) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. The voltage-gated potassium channel Shaker promotes sleep via thermosensitive GABA transmission.
      Title: The voltage-gated potassium channel Shaker promotes sleep via thermosensitive GABA transmission.
    2. Molecular and cellular correlates in Kv channel clustering: entropy-based regulation of cluster ion channel density.
      Title: Molecular and cellular correlates in Kv channel clustering: entropy-based regulation of cluster ion channel density.
    3. S4-S5 linker movement during activation and inactivation in voltage-gated K(+) channels.
      Title: S4-S5 linker movement during activation and inactivation in voltage-gated K(+) channels.
    4. Authors provide evidence that in the Drosophila Shaker voltage-gated K(+) channels the S3 domain acts as an extracellular hydrophobic 'stabilizer' for the S4 domain biasing the gating chemical equilibrium toward the open state.
      Title: Energetic role of the paddle motif in voltage gating of Shaker K(+) channels.
    5. This study demonstrates that Shaker is not always a good model for Kv1 channels for ligand binding.
      Title: Why the Drosophila Shaker K+ channel is not a good model for ligand binding to voltage-gated Kv1 channels.
    6. The xenon requirement in Drosophila melanogaster is not influenced by a single gene mutation at the shaker locus, whereas a reduced expression of a nonselective cation channel leads to an increased xenon requirement.
      Title: The shaker potassium channel is no target for xenon anesthesia in short-sleeping Drosophila melanogaster mutants.
    7. Data show several strong Cysteine-Cadmium-Cysteine bridges in Shaker potassium channel.
      Title: Tracking a complete voltage-sensor cycle with metal-ion bridges.
    8. Synaptic transmission at the larval neuromuscular junction and the transient Shaker potassium current IA in larval muscles have been characterized.
      Title: Modulation of the frequency response of Shaker potassium channels by the quiver peptide suggesting a novel extracellular interaction mechanism.
    9. synaptic strength and synaptic strength at neuromuscular junctions along the dorsal-ventral differentials at physiological Ca(2+) levels were not significantly altered in slowpoke (slo) and Shaker (Sh) mutants
      Title: Pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms of synaptic strength homeostasis revealed by slowpoke and shaker K+ channel mutations in Drosophila.
    10. allosteric communication across disparate regions of the channel protein and between evolved and regulated amino acid changes introduced by RNA editing.
      Title: Regulated RNA editing and functional epistasis in Shaker potassium channels.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (20)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    mobile_element

    • Loc: c18031365-18031261 mobile_element_type = transposon:INE-1{}4898

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables delayed rectifier potassium channel activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables voltage-gated monoatomic cation channel activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables voltage-gated potassium channel activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables voltage-gated potassium channel activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in action potential IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in action potential IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in axon extension IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in behavioral response to ether NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to dopamine IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in courtship behavior NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in courtship behavior TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in detection of visible light IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in larval locomotory behavior IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in learning or memory NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in mating behavior, sex discrimination IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of membrane potential IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in potassium ion transmembrane transport IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in potassium ion transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in potassium ion transport TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in proboscis extension reflex IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein homooligomerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of synaptic activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in sensory perception of taste NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in transmembrane transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    shaker
    Names
    CG12348-PA
    CG12348-PB
    CG12348-PC
    CG12348-PD
    CG12348-PE
    CG12348-PF
    CG12348-PH
    CG12348-PI
    CG12348-PJ
    CG12348-PK
    CG12348-PL
    CG12348-PM
    CG12348-PQ
    CG12348-PS
    CG12348-PT
    CG12348-PU
    CG12348-PV
    F-c transcription unit
    Sh-PA
    Sh-PB
    Sh-PC
    Sh-PD
    Sh-PE
    Sh-PF
    Sh-PH
    Sh-PI
    Sh-PJ
    Sh-PK
    Sh-PL
    Sh-PM
    Sh-PQ
    Sh-PS
    Sh-PT
    Sh-PU
    Sh-PV
    Shaker-downheld
    minisleep
    NP_001259666.2
    • non-AUG (AUU) translation initiation

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

      Range
      17924307..18063247 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_078669.5 → NP_523393.3  shaker, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_523393.3

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Related
      FBpp0088600
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:97 → 223
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:226 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    2. NM_001272737.1 → NP_001259666.2  shaker, isoform S [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PHG6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    3. NM_167592.4 → NP_728120.1  shaker, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728120.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Related
      FBpp0088602
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:54 → 137
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:229 → 443
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:54 → 142
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:358 → 434
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    4. NM_001414058.1 → NP_001401061.1  shaker, isoform U [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

    5. NM_001272736.2 → NP_001259665.2  shaker, isoform Q [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:97 → 223
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:226 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    6. NM_167594.4 → NP_728122.1  shaker, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728122.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Related
      FBpp0088603
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    7. NM_001201739.2 → NP_001188668.1  shaker, isoform I [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001188668.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    8. NM_206775.5 → NP_996498.2  shaker, isoform J [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_996498.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    9. NM_001258798.2 → NP_001245727.1  shaker, isoform L [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245727.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    10. NM_001414059.1 → NP_001401062.1  shaker, isoform V [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

    11. NM_167595.4 → NP_728123.1  shaker, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728123.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A4V4Q2, B6IDJ2, M9MSC0, M9NEM4, M9PF21, P08510, P08511, P08512, P08513, Q24277, Q24521, Q7KUW5, Q8IQY9, Q8MT41, Q9VWZ5, Q9VWZ9, Q9VX00
      Related
      FBpp0088599
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:99 → 182
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:274 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:99 → 187
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:403 → 479
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    12. NM_001316640.1 → NP_001303569.1  shaker, isoform T [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0S0X7Z4
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:99 → 182
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:274 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:99 → 187
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:403 → 479
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    13. NM_167596.5 → NP_728124.1  shaker, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728124.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, E1JJQ5
      Related
      FBpp0088601
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00225
      Location:54 → 137
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:229 → 283
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:54 → 142
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain

    14. NM_001272735.3 → NP_001259664.1  shaker, isoform M [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259664.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, M9PJQ4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:85 → 211
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:214 → 316
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    15. NM_001169317.1 → NP_001162788.1  shaker, isoform H [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001162788.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, E1JJQ5
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00225
      Location:54 → 137
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:229 → 283
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:54 → 142
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain

    16. NM_001258797.1 → NP_001245726.1  shaker, isoform K [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245726.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, M9NGK2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:45 → 171
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:174 → 276
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    17. NM_206774.2 → NP_996497.1  shaker, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_996497.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:97 → 223
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:226 → 328
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    A0A0S0X7Z4 A0A0S0X7Z4
    E1JJQ5 E1JJQ5
    M9NGK2 M9NGK2
    M9PHG6 M9PHG6
    M9PJQ4 M9PJQ4
    P08510.3 P08510
    Q95SS6 Q95SS6

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