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Nontoxic goiter

MedGen UID:
113172
•Concept ID:
C0221777
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: euthyroid goiter; euthyroid goitre; goiter, non-toxic; Nodule-thyroid, non tox; Non-toxic goiter; non-toxic goiter; non-toxic goitre; Non-toxic simple goiter; non-toxic simple goiter; non-toxic simple goitre; Nontoxic Goiter; nontoxic goiter
SNOMED CT: Non-toxic goiter (267369002); Non-toxic simple goiter (267369002)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001658

Definition

Sporadic enlargement of the thyroid gland that is not associated with changes in thyroid function or malignancy. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVNontoxic goiter

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Management of the nontoxic multinodular goiter in Latin America: comparison with North America and Europe, an electronic survey.
Diehl LA, Garcia V, Bonnema SJ, Hegedüs L, Albino CC, Graf H; Latin American Throid Society
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005 Jan;90(1):117-23. Epub 2004 Oct 13 doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-1722. PMID: 15483102
Evaluation and treatment of sporadic nontoxic goiter--some answers and more questions.
Samuels MH
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001 Mar;86(3):994-7. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.3.7384. PMID: 11238475
Management of goiter and thyroid nodules in an area of endemic goiter.
Röher HD, Goretzki PE
Surg Clin North Am 1987 Apr;67(2):233-49. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)44181-2. PMID: 3551146

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Tension-free thyroidectomy (TFT): initial report.
Sleptsov I, Chernikov R, Pushkaruk A, Sablin I, Tilloev T, Timofeeva N, Knyazeva P
Updates Surg 2022 Dec;74(6):1953-1960. Epub 2022 Aug 1 doi: 10.1007/s13304-022-01338-x. PMID: 35913529
Radioiodine Therapy Does Not Change the Atherosclerotic Burden of the Carotid Arteries.
la Cour JL, Andersen UB, Sørensen CH, Nygaard B, Jensen LT
Thyroid 2016 Jul;26(7):965-71. Epub 2016 May 20 doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0538. PMID: 27117943Free PMC Article
A clinical and therapeutic approach to thyrotoxicosis with thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression only.
Papi G, Pearce EN, Braverman LE, Betterle C, Roti E
Am J Med 2005 Apr;118(4):349-61. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.01.004. PMID: 15808130
Treatment of Graves' disease: the advantages of surgery.
Alsanea O, Clark OH
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2000 Jun;29(2):321-37. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70134-1. PMID: 10874532
Smoking and risk of Graves' disease.
Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM
JAMA 1993 Jan 27;269(4):479-82. PMID: 8419666

Diagnosis

A clinical and therapeutic approach to thyrotoxicosis with thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression only.
Papi G, Pearce EN, Braverman LE, Betterle C, Roti E
Am J Med 2005 Apr;118(4):349-61. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.01.004. PMID: 15808130
Treatment of Graves' disease: the advantages of surgery.
Alsanea O, Clark OH
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2000 Jun;29(2):321-37. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70134-1. PMID: 10874532
Thyroidopathies.
Koutras DA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;900:77-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06218.x. PMID: 10818394
Highlights from endocrine surgical history.
Welbourn RB
World J Surg 1996 Jun;20(5):603-12. doi: 10.1007/s002689900093. PMID: 8661638
Thyroid disease and breast cancer.
Smyth PP
J Endocrinol Invest 1993 May;16(5):396-401. doi: 10.1007/BF03348865. PMID: 8320434

Therapy

Tension-free thyroidectomy (TFT): initial report.
Sleptsov I, Chernikov R, Pushkaruk A, Sablin I, Tilloev T, Timofeeva N, Knyazeva P
Updates Surg 2022 Dec;74(6):1953-1960. Epub 2022 Aug 1 doi: 10.1007/s13304-022-01338-x. PMID: 35913529
Prestimulation with recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) improves the long-term outcome of radioiodine therapy for multinodular nontoxic goiter.
Fast S, Nielsen VE, Grupe P, Boel-Jørgensen H, Bastholt L, Andersen PB, Bonnema SJ, Hegedüs L
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012 Aug;97(8):2653-60. Epub 2012 May 10 doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-3335. PMID: 22577172
Optimizing 131I uptake after rhTSH stimulation in patients with nontoxic multinodular goiter: evidence from a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.
Fast S, Nielsen VE, Grupe P, Bonnema SJ, Hegedüs L
J Nucl Med 2009 May;50(5):732-7. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.108.060152. PMID: 19403877
Bispecific thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase autoantibodies in patients with various thyroid and autoimmune diseases.
Ruf J, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Hegedüs L, Ferrand M, Carayon P
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994 Nov;79(5):1404-9. doi: 10.1210/jcem.79.5.7962336. PMID: 7962336
Smoking and risk of Graves' disease.
Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM
JAMA 1993 Jan 27;269(4):479-82. PMID: 8419666

Prognosis

Elevated serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in patients with thyroid cancers.
Lawnicka H, Motylewska E, Borkowska M, Kuzdak K, Siejka A, Swietoslawski J, Stepien H, Stepien T
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020 Mar;164(1):77-83. Epub 2019 May 23 doi: 10.5507/bp.2019.018. PMID: 31132076
Increased Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Patients Treated for Toxic Nodular Goiter Compared to Graves' Disease and Nontoxic Goiter.
Giesecke P, Rosenqvist M, Frykman V, Friberg L, Wallin G, Höijer J, Lönn S, Törring O
Thyroid 2017 Jul;27(7):878-885. Epub 2017 Jun 5 doi: 10.1089/thy.2017.0029. PMID: 28471268
The thyroid-related quality of life measure ThyPRO has good responsiveness and ability to detect relevant treatment effects.
Watt T, Cramon P, Hegedüs L, Bjorner JB, Bonnema SJ, Rasmussen ÅK, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Groenvold M
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014 Oct;99(10):3708-17. Epub 2014 Jul 8 doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-1322. PMID: 25004246
Incidental thyroid cancer in toxic and nontoxic goiter: Is TSH associated with malignanCy rate? Results of a meta-analysis.
Negro R, Valcavi R, Toulis KA
Endocr Pract 2013 Mar-Apr;19(2):212-8. doi: 10.4158/EP12234.OR. PMID: 23186976
Upper airway obstruction in euthyroid goiter.
Jauregui R, Lilker ES, Bayley A
JAMA 1977 Nov 14;238(20):2163-6. PMID: 578828

Clinical prediction guides

Tension-free thyroidectomy (TFT): initial report.
Sleptsov I, Chernikov R, Pushkaruk A, Sablin I, Tilloev T, Timofeeva N, Knyazeva P
Updates Surg 2022 Dec;74(6):1953-1960. Epub 2022 Aug 1 doi: 10.1007/s13304-022-01338-x. PMID: 35913529
Alteration in the serum concentrations of FGF19, FGFR4 and βKlotho in patients with thyroid cancer.
Motylewska E, Stępień T, Borkowska M, Kuzdak K, Siejka A, Komorowski J, Stępień H, Ławnicka H
Cytokine 2018 May;105:32-36. Epub 2018 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.013. PMID: 29438906
The thyroid-related quality of life measure ThyPRO has good responsiveness and ability to detect relevant treatment effects.
Watt T, Cramon P, Hegedüs L, Bjorner JB, Bonnema SJ, Rasmussen ÅK, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Groenvold M
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014 Oct;99(10):3708-17. Epub 2014 Jul 8 doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-1322. PMID: 25004246
Relationship between metabolic syndrome and multinodular non-toxic goiter in an inpatient population from a geographic area with moderate iodine deficiency.
Rendina D, De Filippo G, Mossetti G, Zampa G, Muscariello R, Benvenuto G, Vivona CL, Ippolito S, Galante F, Lombardi G, Biondi B, Strazzullo P
J Endocrinol Invest 2012 Apr;35(4):407-12. Epub 2011 Jul 5 doi: 10.3275/7842. PMID: 21737999
Management of the nontoxic multinodular goiter in Latin America: comparison with North America and Europe, an electronic survey.
Diehl LA, Garcia V, Bonnema SJ, Hegedüs L, Albino CC, Graf H; Latin American Throid Society
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005 Jan;90(1):117-23. Epub 2004 Oct 13 doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-1722. PMID: 15483102

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