U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Carotid cavernous fistula

MedGen UID:
116040
Concept ID:
C0238045
Anatomical Abnormality
Synonyms: C-C Fistula; C-C Fistulas; Caroticocavernous Fistula; Caroticocavernous Fistulas; Carotid Artery Cavernous Sinus Fistula; Carotid Artery-Cavernous Sinus Fistula; Carotid Cavernous Fistula; Carotid Cavernous Fistulas; Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula; Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula; Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistulas; Cavernous Fistula, Carotid; Fistula, C-C; Fistula, Caroticocavernous; Fistula, Carotid Artery Cavernous Sinus; Fistula, Carotid Artery-Cavernous Sinus; Fistula, Carotid Cavernous; Fistula, Carotid-Cavernous Sinus
SNOMED CT: Carotid cavernous fistula (302213007); CCF - carotid cavernous fistula (302213007); Caroticocavernous sinus fistula (302213007)
 
HPO: HP:0031157

Definition

An abnormal connection between a carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. [from HPO]

Conditions with this feature

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type 4
MedGen UID:
82790
Concept ID:
C0268338
Disease or Syndrome
Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is characterized by arterial, intestinal, and/or uterine fragility; thin, translucent skin; easy bruising; characteristic facial appearance (thin vermilion of the lips, micrognathia, narrow nose, prominent eyes); and an aged appearance to the extremities, particularly the hands. Vascular dissection or rupture, gastrointestinal perforation, or organ rupture are the presenting signs in most adults with vEDS. Arterial rupture may be preceded by aneurysm, arteriovenous fistulae, or dissection but also may occur spontaneously. The majority (60%) of individuals with vEDS who are diagnosed before age 18 years are identified because of a positive family history. Neonates may present with clubfoot, hip dislocation, limb deficiency, and/or amniotic bands. Approximately half of children tested for vEDS in the absence of a positive family history present with a major complication at an average age of 11 years. Four minor diagnostic features – distal joint hypermobility, easy bruising, thin skin, and clubfeet – are most often present in those children ascertained without a major complication.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Razeghinejad R, Lin MM, Lee D, Katz LJ, Myers JS
Surv Ophthalmol 2020 Sep-Oct;65(5):530-547. Epub 2020 Feb 11 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.02.003. PMID: 32057763
Sur S, Menaker SA, Alvarez C, Chen S, Shah SS, Peterson EC, Elhammady MS, Starke RM
World Neurosurg 2020 Jan;133:e796-e803. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.004. PMID: 31605852
Henderson AD, Miller NR
Eye (Lond) 2018 Feb;32(2):164-172. Epub 2017 Nov 3 doi: 10.1038/eye.2017.240. PMID: 29099499Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Rana K, Juniat V, Slattery J, Patel S, Selva D
Int Ophthalmol 2023 Oct;43(10):3725-3731. Epub 2023 Jul 1 doi: 10.1007/s10792-023-02782-3. PMID: 37392259Free PMC Article
Kythreotou A, Weerakkody RA, Koysombat K, Marzouqa N, Baker DM
Ann Vasc Surg 2023 May;92:104-110. Epub 2023 Jan 13 doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.12.092. PMID: 36642164
Alam MS, Jain M, Mukherjee B, Sharma T, Halbe S, Jaisankar D, Raman R
Sci Rep 2019 Sep 6;9(1):12872. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49342-3. PMID: 31492949Free PMC Article
Inam O, Arat YO, Yavas GF, Arat A
Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Oct;206:264-273. Epub 2019 Jun 19 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.06.010. PMID: 31226247
Henderson AD, Miller NR
Eye (Lond) 2018 Feb;32(2):164-172. Epub 2017 Nov 3 doi: 10.1038/eye.2017.240. PMID: 29099499Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Wen X, Gao X, Li Z, Wang J, Liang J, Zhou C, Cai W, Xiao J
Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023 Jul;51(5):453-461. Epub 2023 Apr 21 doi: 10.1111/ceo.14231. PMID: 37084233
Kythreotou A, Weerakkody RA, Koysombat K, Marzouqa N, Baker DM
Ann Vasc Surg 2023 May;92:104-110. Epub 2023 Jan 13 doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.12.092. PMID: 36642164
Munawar K, Nayak G, Fatterpekar GM, Sen C, Zagzag D, Zan E, Hagiwara M
Clin Imaging 2020 Dec;68:71-89. Epub 2020 Jun 18 doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.06.029. PMID: 32574933
Inam O, Arat YO, Yavas GF, Arat A
Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Oct;206:264-273. Epub 2019 Jun 19 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.06.010. PMID: 31226247
Henderson AD, Miller NR
Eye (Lond) 2018 Feb;32(2):164-172. Epub 2017 Nov 3 doi: 10.1038/eye.2017.240. PMID: 29099499Free PMC Article

Therapy

Kythreotou A, Weerakkody RA, Koysombat K, Marzouqa N, Baker DM
Ann Vasc Surg 2023 May;92:104-110. Epub 2023 Jan 13 doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.12.092. PMID: 36642164
Winegar BA
Neurol Clin 2022 Aug;40(3):641-660. Epub 2022 Jun 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2022.03.002. PMID: 35871789
Zhang CW, Wang T, Richard SA, Lui LX, Xu D, Xie XD
World Neurosurg 2018 Aug;116:152-154. Epub 2018 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.05.079. PMID: 29803056
Aydin E, Gok M, Esenkaya A, Cinar C, Oran I
Turk Neurosurg 2018;28(1):72-78. doi: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.18189-16.1. PMID: 27593845
Ertl L, Brückmann H, Kunz M, Crispin A, Fesl G
J Neurosurg 2017 Feb;126(2):360-367. Epub 2016 Apr 29 doi: 10.3171/2016.2.JNS152081. PMID: 27128596

Prognosis

Iorga ER, Costin D
Rom J Ophthalmol 2020 Oct-Dec;64(4):323-332. doi: 10.22336/rjo.2020.54. PMID: 33367170Free PMC Article
Alam MS, Jain M, Mukherjee B, Sharma T, Halbe S, Jaisankar D, Raman R
Sci Rep 2019 Sep 6;9(1):12872. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49342-3. PMID: 31492949Free PMC Article
Adam CR, Shields CL, Gutman J, Kim HJ, Hayek B, Shore JW, Braunstein A, Levin F, Winn BJ, Vrcek I, Mancini R, Linden C, Choe C, Gonzalez M, Altschul D, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Paramasivam S, Fifi JT, Berenstein A, Durairaj V, Shinder R
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Jan/Feb;34(1):68-73. doi: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000000872. PMID: 28141624
Oishi A, Miyamoto K, Yoshimura N
Jpn J Ophthalmol 2009 Jan;53(1):40-43. Epub 2009 Jan 30 doi: 10.1007/s10384-008-0611-1. PMID: 19184308
Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Lempert TE, Malek AM, Phatouros CC, Lefler JE, Higashida RT
Am J Ophthalmol 2002 Jul;134(1):85-92. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(02)01515-5. PMID: 12095813

Clinical prediction guides

Kandasamy S, Kannath SK, Enakshy Rajana J, Kesavadas C, Thomas B
Acta Radiol 2023 Mar;64(3):1290-1297. Epub 2022 May 9 doi: 10.1177/02841851221097462. PMID: 35532027
Li C, Green L, Wang J, Tully D, Woliansky J, Gumm K, Iseli C, Martin K, Read D
Injury 2022 Jun;53(6):2023-2027. Epub 2022 Mar 19 doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.03.031. PMID: 35346507
Wang X, Zhang X, Gan L, Wang Y, Ma J, Zhong Y
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021 Sep;259(9):2573-2582. Epub 2021 Mar 3 doi: 10.1007/s00417-021-05117-z. PMID: 33660092
Alam MS, Jain M, Mukherjee B, Sharma T, Halbe S, Jaisankar D, Raman R
Sci Rep 2019 Sep 6;9(1):12872. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49342-3. PMID: 31492949Free PMC Article
Debette S, Germain DP
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;119:565-76. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4086-3.00037-0. PMID: 24365320

Recent systematic reviews

Hoffman H, Ashok Kumar A, Wood JS, Mikhailova T, Yoo JH, Wakeman MB, Masoud HE, Gould GC
World Neurosurg 2023 Feb;170:e242-e255. Epub 2022 Nov 9 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.10.123. PMID: 36334712
Alexandre AM, Sturiale CL, Bartolo A, Romi A, Scerrati A, Flacco ME, D'Argento F, Scarcia L, Garignano G, Valente I, Lozupone E, Pedicelli A
Clin Neuroradiol 2022 Sep;32(3):761-771. Epub 2021 Dec 15 doi: 10.1007/s00062-021-01107-0. PMID: 34910224Free PMC Article
Sumdani H, Aguilar-Salinas P, Avila MJ, El-Ghanem M, Dumont TM
World Neurosurg 2021 May;149:e369-e377. Epub 2021 Feb 9 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.02.015. PMID: 33578023
Hejrati N, Ebel F, Guzman R, Soleman J
Childs Nerv Syst 2020 Feb;36(2):251-262. Epub 2020 Jan 4 doi: 10.1007/s00381-019-04482-9. PMID: 31901968
Phan K, Xu J, Leung V, Teng I, Sheik-Ali S, Maharaj M, Mobbs R, Rao PJ
World Neurosurg 2016 Dec;96:243-251. Epub 2016 Aug 29 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.08.087. PMID: 27586179

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...