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Pure ground-glass pulmonary nodule

MedGen UID:
1622183
•Concept ID:
C4527402
•
Finding
Synonyms: Non-Solid Ground-Glass Pulmonary Nodule; Pure Ground-Glass Pulmonary Nodule
 
HPO: HP:0033612

Definition

Pure ground-glass pulmonary nodules (GGNs) are defined as focal nodular areas of increased lung attenuation through which lung parenchymal structures, such as the pulmonary vessels or bronchial structures, can be observed. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPure ground-glass pulmonary nodule

Professional guidelines

PubMed

European guidelines for the surgical management of pure ground-glass opacities and part-solid nodules: Task Force of the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery and the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
Cardillo G, Petersen RH, Ricciardi S, Patel A, Lodhia JV, Gooseman MR, Brunelli A, Dunning J, Fang W, Gossot D, Licht PB, Lim E, Roessner ED, Scarci M, Milojevic M
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2023 Oct 4;64(4) doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad222. PMID: 37243746
Malignancy risk stratification for solitary pulmonary nodule: A clinical practice guideline.
Chen B, Li Q, Hao Q, Tan J, Yan L, Zhu Y, Hu C, Qian G, Zhang G, Chen L, Zhou C, Zhang J, Sun J, Jiang L, Zhang L, Wang Q, Zhang X, Jin Y, He Y, Song Y, Sun X, Li W
J Evid Based Med 2022 Jun;15(2):142-151. Epub 2022 Jul 1 doi: 10.1111/jebm.12476. PMID: 35775869
Ground glass opacity on chest CT scans from screening to treatment: A literature review.
Lin YH, Hsu HS
J Chin Med Assoc 2020 Oct;83(10):887-890. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000394. PMID: 32675737Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Predicting Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma at Chest CT with Deep Learning Ternary Classification Models.
Pan Z, Hu G, Zhu Z, Tan W, Han W, Zhou Z, Song W, Yu Y, Song L, Jin Z
Radiology 2024 Apr;311(1):e232057. doi: 10.1148/radiol.232057. PMID: 38591974
Multicellular ecotypes shape progression of lung adenocarcinoma from ground-glass opacity toward advanced stages.
Deng Y, Xia L, Zhang J, Deng S, Wang M, Wei S, Li K, Lai H, Yang Y, Bai Y, Liu Y, Luo L, Yang Z, Chen Y, Kang R, Gan F, Pu Q, Mei J, Ma L, Lin F, Guo C, Liao H, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Liu C, Hu Y, Yuan Y, Zha Z, Yuan G, Zhang G, Chen L, Cheng Q, Shen S, Liu L
Cell Rep Med 2024 Apr 16;5(4):101489. Epub 2024 Mar 29 doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101489. PMID: 38554705Free PMC Article
Low-dose CT screening among never-smokers with or without a family history of lung cancer in Taiwan: a prospective cohort study.
Chang GC, Chiu CH, Yu CJ, Chang YC, Chang YH, Hsu KH, Wu YC, Chen CY, Hsu HH, Wu MT, Yang CT, Chong IW, Lin YC, Hsia TC, Lin MC, Su WC, Lin CB, Lee KY, Wei YF, Lan GY, Chan WP, Wang KL, Wu MH, Tsai HH, Chian CF, Lai RS, Shih JY, Wang CL, Hsu JS, Chen KC, Chen CK, Hsia JY, Peng CK, Tang EK, Hsu CL, Chou TY, Shen WC, Tsai YH, Tsai CM, Chen YM, Lee YC, Chen HY, Yu SL, Chen CJ, Wan YL, Hsiung CA, Yang PC; TALENT Investigators
Lancet Respir Med 2024 Feb;12(2):141-152. Epub 2023 Nov 29 doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00338-7. PMID: 38042167
Correlation Analysis of Computed Tomography Features and Pathological Types of Multifocal Ground-Glass Nodular Lung Adenocarcinoma.
Kou J, Gu X, Kang L
Comput Math Methods Med 2022;2022:7267036. Epub 2022 Jul 26 doi: 10.1155/2022/7267036. PMID: 35928980Free PMC Article
Global evolution of the tumor microenvironment associated with progression from preinvasive invasive to invasive human lung adenocarcinoma.
Altorki NK, Borczuk AC, Harrison S, Groner LK, Bhinder B, Mittal V, Elemento O, McGraw TE
Cell Rep 2022 Apr 5;39(1):110639. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110639. PMID: 35385730Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Predicting Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma at Chest CT with Deep Learning Ternary Classification Models.
Pan Z, Hu G, Zhu Z, Tan W, Han W, Zhou Z, Song W, Yu Y, Song L, Jin Z
Radiology 2024 Apr;311(1):e232057. doi: 10.1148/radiol.232057. PMID: 38591974
Solitary Pure Ground-glass Opacity Suspected of Being the Initial Presentation of Nonfibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.
Kubota N, Okamoto T, Shimada S, Yamana T, Iijima Y, Sakakibara R, Shibata S, Honda T, Mitsumura T, Shirai T, Furusawa H, Tateishi T, Adachi T, Kirimura S, Miyazaki Y
Intern Med 2024 Sep 15;63(18):2543-2546. Epub 2024 Feb 12 doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3030-23. PMID: 38346738Free PMC Article
Low-dose CT screening among never-smokers with or without a family history of lung cancer in Taiwan: a prospective cohort study.
Chang GC, Chiu CH, Yu CJ, Chang YC, Chang YH, Hsu KH, Wu YC, Chen CY, Hsu HH, Wu MT, Yang CT, Chong IW, Lin YC, Hsia TC, Lin MC, Su WC, Lin CB, Lee KY, Wei YF, Lan GY, Chan WP, Wang KL, Wu MH, Tsai HH, Chian CF, Lai RS, Shih JY, Wang CL, Hsu JS, Chen KC, Chen CK, Hsia JY, Peng CK, Tang EK, Hsu CL, Chou TY, Shen WC, Tsai YH, Tsai CM, Chen YM, Lee YC, Chen HY, Yu SL, Chen CJ, Wan YL, Hsiung CA, Yang PC; TALENT Investigators
Lancet Respir Med 2024 Feb;12(2):141-152. Epub 2023 Nov 29 doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00338-7. PMID: 38042167
Radiologic Identification of Pathologic Tumor Invasion in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.
Ye T, Wu H, Wang S, Li Q, Gu Y, Ma J, Lin J, Kang M, Qian B, Hu H, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Xiang J, Li Y, Shen X, Wang Z, Chen H
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Oct 2;6(10):e2337889. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37889. PMID: 37843862Free PMC Article
The new 8th TNM staging system of lung cancer and its potential imaging interpretation pitfalls and limitations with CT image demonstrations.
Feng SH, Yang ST
Diagn Interv Radiol 2019 Jul;25(4):270-279. doi: 10.5152/dir.2019.18458. PMID: 31295144Free PMC Article

Therapy

Diameter thresholds for pure ground-glass pulmonary nodules at low-dose CT screening: Chinese experience.
Ye W, Fu W, Li C, Li J, Xiong S, Cheng B, Xu B, Wang Q, Feng Y, Chen P, He J, Liang W
Thorax 2025 Jan 17;80(2):76-85. doi: 10.1136/thorax-2024-221642. PMID: 39689940
Prevalence of invasive lung cancer in pure ground glass nodules less than 30 mm: A systematic review.
AlShammari A, Patel A, Boyle M, Proli C, Gallesio JA, Wali A, De Sousa P, Lim E
Eur J Cancer 2024 Dec;213:115116. Epub 2024 Nov 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.115116. PMID: 39546859
Lung microwave ablation: Post-procedure imaging features and evolution of pulmonary ground-glass nodule-like lung cancer.
Xue G, Jia W, Wang G, Zeng Q, Wang N, Li Z, Cao P, Hu Y, Xu J, Wei Z, Ye X
J Cancer Res Ther 2023 Dec 1;19(6):1654-1662. Epub 2023 Dec 28 doi: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_837_23. PMID: 38156934
Preoperative localisation of pulmonary ground-glass opacity using medical adhesive before thoracoscopic resection.
Cen RL, Cui F, Wan Q, Chen L, Huang XY, Zhou JX, Li SB, Zeng QS, He JX
Eur Radiol 2018 Oct;28(10):4048-4052. Epub 2018 Apr 17 doi: 10.1007/s00330-018-5394-2. PMID: 29666992
Carbon dioxide insufflation and thoracoscopic ultrasonography image of pure ground-glass nodule.
Uehara H, Yasuda A, Kondo H, Kawamura M
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017 Nov 1;25(5):836-838. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivx138. PMID: 28575398

Prognosis

Predicting Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma at Chest CT with Deep Learning Ternary Classification Models.
Pan Z, Hu G, Zhu Z, Tan W, Han W, Zhou Z, Song W, Yu Y, Song L, Jin Z
Radiology 2024 Apr;311(1):e232057. doi: 10.1148/radiol.232057. PMID: 38591974
Low-dose CT screening among never-smokers with or without a family history of lung cancer in Taiwan: a prospective cohort study.
Chang GC, Chiu CH, Yu CJ, Chang YC, Chang YH, Hsu KH, Wu YC, Chen CY, Hsu HH, Wu MT, Yang CT, Chong IW, Lin YC, Hsia TC, Lin MC, Su WC, Lin CB, Lee KY, Wei YF, Lan GY, Chan WP, Wang KL, Wu MH, Tsai HH, Chian CF, Lai RS, Shih JY, Wang CL, Hsu JS, Chen KC, Chen CK, Hsia JY, Peng CK, Tang EK, Hsu CL, Chou TY, Shen WC, Tsai YH, Tsai CM, Chen YM, Lee YC, Chen HY, Yu SL, Chen CJ, Wan YL, Hsiung CA, Yang PC; TALENT Investigators
Lancet Respir Med 2024 Feb;12(2):141-152. Epub 2023 Nov 29 doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00338-7. PMID: 38042167
CT Characteristics for Predicting Invasiveness in Pulmonary Pure Ground-Glass Nodules.
Chu ZG, Li WJ, Fu BJ, Lv FJ
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020 Aug;215(2):351-358. Epub 2020 Apr 29 doi: 10.2214/AJR.19.22381. PMID: 32348187
The new 8th TNM staging system of lung cancer and its potential imaging interpretation pitfalls and limitations with CT image demonstrations.
Feng SH, Yang ST
Diagn Interv Radiol 2019 Jul;25(4):270-279. doi: 10.5152/dir.2019.18458. PMID: 31295144Free PMC Article
Computerized texture analysis predicts histological invasiveness within lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as pure ground-glass nodules.
Yang Y, Wang WW, Ren Y, Jin XQ, Zhu QD, Peng CT, Liu HQ, Zhang JH
Acta Radiol 2019 Oct;60(10):1258-1264. Epub 2019 Feb 28 doi: 10.1177/0284185119826536. PMID: 30818977

Clinical prediction guides

Predicting Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma at Chest CT with Deep Learning Ternary Classification Models.
Pan Z, Hu G, Zhu Z, Tan W, Han W, Zhou Z, Song W, Yu Y, Song L, Jin Z
Radiology 2024 Apr;311(1):e232057. doi: 10.1148/radiol.232057. PMID: 38591974
Low-dose CT screening among never-smokers with or without a family history of lung cancer in Taiwan: a prospective cohort study.
Chang GC, Chiu CH, Yu CJ, Chang YC, Chang YH, Hsu KH, Wu YC, Chen CY, Hsu HH, Wu MT, Yang CT, Chong IW, Lin YC, Hsia TC, Lin MC, Su WC, Lin CB, Lee KY, Wei YF, Lan GY, Chan WP, Wang KL, Wu MH, Tsai HH, Chian CF, Lai RS, Shih JY, Wang CL, Hsu JS, Chen KC, Chen CK, Hsia JY, Peng CK, Tang EK, Hsu CL, Chou TY, Shen WC, Tsai YH, Tsai CM, Chen YM, Lee YC, Chen HY, Yu SL, Chen CJ, Wan YL, Hsiung CA, Yang PC; TALENT Investigators
Lancet Respir Med 2024 Feb;12(2):141-152. Epub 2023 Nov 29 doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00338-7. PMID: 38042167
Meta-analysis of the correlation between CT-based features and invasive properties of pure ground-glass nodules.
Yang Y, Xu J, Wang W, Zhao J, Yang Y, Wang B, Ye L
Asian J Surg 2023 Sep;46(9):3405-3416. Epub 2023 Jun 14 doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.04.116. PMID: 37328382
Malignancy risk stratification for solitary pulmonary nodule: A clinical practice guideline.
Chen B, Li Q, Hao Q, Tan J, Yan L, Zhu Y, Hu C, Qian G, Zhang G, Chen L, Zhou C, Zhang J, Sun J, Jiang L, Zhang L, Wang Q, Zhang X, Jin Y, He Y, Song Y, Sun X, Li W
J Evid Based Med 2022 Jun;15(2):142-151. Epub 2022 Jul 1 doi: 10.1111/jebm.12476. PMID: 35775869
Computerized texture analysis predicts histological invasiveness within lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as pure ground-glass nodules.
Yang Y, Wang WW, Ren Y, Jin XQ, Zhu QD, Peng CT, Liu HQ, Zhang JH
Acta Radiol 2019 Oct;60(10):1258-1264. Epub 2019 Feb 28 doi: 10.1177/0284185119826536. PMID: 30818977

Recent systematic reviews

Prevalence of invasive lung cancer in pure ground glass nodules less than 30 mm: A systematic review.
AlShammari A, Patel A, Boyle M, Proli C, Gallesio JA, Wali A, De Sousa P, Lim E
Eur J Cancer 2024 Dec;213:115116. Epub 2024 Nov 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.115116. PMID: 39546859
Diagnostic Accuracy and Safety of Nonsurgical Biopsy for Diagnosing Pulmonary Ground-Glass Opacities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Zhou M, Zhang M, Jin Z, Zhao X, Yu K, Huang J, Wang G, Cheng Y
Respiration 2024;103(11):661-674. Epub 2024 Jul 29 doi: 10.1159/000539876. PMID: 39074470
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for invasiveness of pure ground-glass nodules based on a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yang Y, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhao J, Liu J, Chen Y, Lu J, Duan Y, Hu H, Peng H, Ye L
BMC Med Imaging 2024 Jun 17;24(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12880-024-01313-5. PMID: 38886695Free PMC Article
The long-term course of subsolid nodules and predictors of interval growth on chest CT: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wu L, Gao C, Kong N, Lou X, Xu M
Eur Radiol 2023 Mar;33(3):2075-2088. Epub 2022 Sep 22 doi: 10.1007/s00330-022-09138-y. PMID: 36136107Free PMC Article
Evidence for the treatment of patients with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer?: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition).
Wahidi MM, Govert JA, Goudar RK, Gould MK, McCrory DC; American College of Chest Physicians
Chest 2007 Sep;132(3 Suppl):94S-107S. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-1352. PMID: 17873163

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