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Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, type 1J(CMT1J)

MedGen UID:
1824022
Concept ID:
C5774249
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH NEUROPATHY, DEMYELINATING, TYPE 1J
 
Gene (location): ITPR3 (6p21.31)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0859311
OMIM®: 620111

Definition

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1J (CMT1J) is an autosomal dominant sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy characterized by distal muscle weakness and atrophy, as well as distal sensory impairment, predominantly affecting the lower limbs and resulting in gait abnormalities. The age at onset is highly variable, ranging from early childhood to mid-adulthood, and the disorder is progressive, although the severity is also variable. Additional features may include foot deformities, upper limb or hand involvement, and decreased or absent deep tendon reflexes. Electrophysiologic studies tend to show nerve conduction velocities in the demyelinating range, although some patients may have results in the intermediate range, likely reflecting secondary axonal degeneration (summary by Ronkko et al., 2020). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1, see CMT1B (118200). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Pes cavus
MedGen UID:
675590
Concept ID:
C0728829
Congenital Abnormality
An increase in height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot that does not flatten on weight bearing (i.e., a distinctly hollow form of the sole of the foot when it is bearing weight).
Hammertoe
MedGen UID:
209712
Concept ID:
C1136179
Anatomical Abnormality
Hyperextension of the metatarsal-phalangeal joint with hyperflexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint.
Areflexia of lower limbs
MedGen UID:
347285
Concept ID:
C1856694
Finding
Inability to elicit tendon reflexes in the lower limbs.
Peripheral neuropathy
MedGen UID:
18386
Concept ID:
C0031117
Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course.
Distal sensory impairment
MedGen UID:
335722
Concept ID:
C1847584
Finding
An abnormal reduction in sensation in the distal portions of the extremities.
Decreased motor nerve conduction velocity
MedGen UID:
388130
Concept ID:
C1858729
Finding
A type of decreased nerve conduction velocity that affects the motor neuron.
Difficulty walking
MedGen UID:
86319
Concept ID:
C0311394
Finding
Reduced ability to walk (ambulate).
Distal muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
140883
Concept ID:
C0427065
Finding
Reduced strength of the musculature of the distal extremities.
Thenar muscle atrophy
MedGen UID:
355274
Concept ID:
C1864715
Finding
Wasting of thenar muscles, which are located on palm of the hand at the base of the thumb.

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