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Cardiac Lead Insulation Failure

MedGen UID:
476698
•Concept ID:
C3275065
•
Finding

Definition

Insulation failure manifests as low lead impedance either absolutely (below manufacturer''s product specifications) or by a significant decrease from previously stable chronic values. (ACC) [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCardiac Lead Insulation Failure

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Treatment of HeartMate II Short-to-Shield Patients With an Ungrounded Cable: Indications and Long-Term Outcomes.
Coyle L, Graney N, Gallagher C, Paliga R, Yost G, Pappas P, Macaluso G, Tatooles A
ASAIO J 2020 Apr;66(4):381-387. doi: 10.1097/MAT.0000000000001012. PMID: 31045924
Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator Lead Failure and Management.
Swerdlow CD, Kalahasty G, Ellenbogen KA
J Am Coll Cardiol 2016 Mar 22;67(11):1358-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.067. PMID: 26988958
Atrial "J" pacing lead retention wire fracture: radiographic assessment, incidence of fracture, and clinical management.
Lloyd MA, Hayes DL, Holmes DR Jr
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1995 May;18(5 Pt 1):958-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1995.tb04735.x. PMID: 7659568

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

A Review of the Recent Advances of Cardiac Pacemaker Technology in Handling Complications.
Lowe M, Nguyen L, Patel DJ
J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2023;33(4):21-29. doi: 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2022039586. PMID: 37522582
Lead age as a predictor for failure in pediatrics and congenital heart disease.
Whitehill RD, Chandler SF, DeWitt E, Abrams DJ, Walsh EP, Kelleman M, Mah DY
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2021 Apr;44(4):586-594. Epub 2021 Feb 24 doi: 10.1111/pace.14166. PMID: 33432629
Externalized conductor of a Kentrox lead and an unexpected insulation failure.
Eulert-Grehn JJ, Falk V, Nazari-Shafti MT, Starck C
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2019 Sep 1;29(3):484-486. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivz101. PMID: 31056684
Lead-related complications after DDD pacemaker implantation.
Dębski M, Ulman M, Ząbek A, Boczar K, Haberka K, Kuniewicz M, Lelakowski J, Małecka B
Kardiol Pol 2018;76(8):1224-1231. Epub 2018 Apr 10 doi: 10.5603/KP.a2018.0089. PMID: 29633234
Sudden and Fatal Malfunction of a Durata Defibrillator Lead due to External Insulation Failure.
Shah AD, Hirsh DS, Langberg JJ
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2016 Jan;39(1):101-4. Epub 2015 Sep 17 doi: 10.1111/pace.12738. PMID: 26293817

Diagnosis

Interpreting device diagnostics for lead failure.
Swerdlow CD, Ploux S, Poole JE, Nair SG, Himes A, Ellenbogen KA
Heart Rhythm 2022 Jan;19(1):154-164. Epub 2021 Sep 28 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.09.027. PMID: 34597770
Impedance in the Diagnosis of Lead Malfunction.
Swerdlow CD, Koneru JN, Gunderson B, Kroll MW, Ploux S, Ellenbogen KA
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020 Feb;13(2):e008092. Epub 2020 Jan 27 doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.119.008092. PMID: 31985260
Monitoring for and Diagnosis of Lead Dysfunction.
Nair SG, Swerdlow CD
Card Electrophysiol Clin 2018 Dec;10(4):573-599. doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2018.07.004. PMID: 30396573
Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator Lead Failure and Management.
Swerdlow CD, Kalahasty G, Ellenbogen KA
J Am Coll Cardiol 2016 Mar 22;67(11):1358-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.067. PMID: 26988958
Troubleshooting pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.
Scher DL
Curr Opin Cardiol 2004 Jan;19(1):36-46. doi: 10.1097/00001573-200401000-00009. PMID: 14688633

Therapy

Lead age as a predictor for failure in pediatrics and congenital heart disease.
Whitehill RD, Chandler SF, DeWitt E, Abrams DJ, Walsh EP, Kelleman M, Mah DY
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2021 Apr;44(4):586-594. Epub 2021 Feb 24 doi: 10.1111/pace.14166. PMID: 33432629
Externalized conductor of a Kentrox lead and an unexpected insulation failure.
Eulert-Grehn JJ, Falk V, Nazari-Shafti MT, Starck C
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2019 Sep 1;29(3):484-486. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivz101. PMID: 31056684
Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator Lead Failure and Management.
Swerdlow CD, Kalahasty G, Ellenbogen KA
J Am Coll Cardiol 2016 Mar 22;67(11):1358-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.067. PMID: 26988958
Sudden and Fatal Malfunction of a Durata Defibrillator Lead due to External Insulation Failure.
Shah AD, Hirsh DS, Langberg JJ
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2016 Jan;39(1):101-4. Epub 2015 Sep 17 doi: 10.1111/pace.12738. PMID: 26293817
Surgical techniques for implanting implantable cardioverter defibrillators in children and infants.
Suzuki S, Motohashi S, Matsumoto M
Surg Today 2014 Oct;44(10):1801-6. Epub 2013 Oct 24 doi: 10.1007/s00595-013-0755-6. PMID: 24154922

Prognosis

A Review of the Recent Advances of Cardiac Pacemaker Technology in Handling Complications.
Lowe M, Nguyen L, Patel DJ
J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2023;33(4):21-29. doi: 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2022039586. PMID: 37522582
Lead age as a predictor for failure in pediatrics and congenital heart disease.
Whitehill RD, Chandler SF, DeWitt E, Abrams DJ, Walsh EP, Kelleman M, Mah DY
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2021 Apr;44(4):586-594. Epub 2021 Feb 24 doi: 10.1111/pace.14166. PMID: 33432629
Externalized conductor of a Kentrox lead and an unexpected insulation failure.
Eulert-Grehn JJ, Falk V, Nazari-Shafti MT, Starck C
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2019 Sep 1;29(3):484-486. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivz101. PMID: 31056684
Sudden and Fatal Malfunction of a Durata Defibrillator Lead due to External Insulation Failure.
Shah AD, Hirsh DS, Langberg JJ
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2016 Jan;39(1):101-4. Epub 2015 Sep 17 doi: 10.1111/pace.12738. PMID: 26293817
Long-term efficacy of cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter/defibrillators.
Bennett MT, Tung SK
J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2010;20(3):187-202. doi: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.v20.i3.30. PMID: 21395518

Clinical prediction guides

A Review of the Recent Advances of Cardiac Pacemaker Technology in Handling Complications.
Lowe M, Nguyen L, Patel DJ
J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2023;33(4):21-29. doi: 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2022039586. PMID: 37522582
Lead age as a predictor for failure in pediatrics and congenital heart disease.
Whitehill RD, Chandler SF, DeWitt E, Abrams DJ, Walsh EP, Kelleman M, Mah DY
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2021 Apr;44(4):586-594. Epub 2021 Feb 24 doi: 10.1111/pace.14166. PMID: 33432629
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator lead revision following left ventricular assist device implantation.
Black-Maier E, Lewis RK, Rehorn M, Loungani R, Friedman DJ, Frazier-Mills C, Jackson KP, Atwater BD, Milano CA, Schroder JN, Pokorney SD, Piccini JP
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020 Jun;31(6):1509-1518. Epub 2020 Apr 29 doi: 10.1111/jce.14487. PMID: 32275340
Lead-related complications after DDD pacemaker implantation.
Dębski M, Ulman M, Ząbek A, Boczar K, Haberka K, Kuniewicz M, Lelakowski J, Małecka B
Kardiol Pol 2018;76(8):1224-1231. Epub 2018 Apr 10 doi: 10.5603/KP.a2018.0089. PMID: 29633234
Epicardial and pleural lead ICD systems in children and adolescents maintain functionality over 5 years.
Tomaske M, Prêtre R, Rahn M, Bauersfeld U
Europace 2008 Oct;10(10):1152-6. Epub 2008 Aug 13 doi: 10.1093/europace/eun214. PMID: 18701602

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