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Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome 2(WAS2)

MedGen UID:
482631
•Concept ID:
C3281001
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: WAS2; WIPF1 DEFICIENCY
 
Gene (location): WIPF1 (2q31.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013779
OMIM®: 614493

Definition

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome-2 (WAS2) is an autosomal recessive immunologic disorder characterized by onset of recurrent infections in infancy. Other features include thrombocytopenia with normal platelet volume and eczema. Laboratory studies show decreased CD8+ T cells, variably increased Ig, particularly IgE, low B cells, aberrant function of T and NK cells, and impaired T-cell migration. The cellular abnormalities are thought to result from defective F-actin polymerization. Death in early childhood may occur; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is curative (summary by Lanzi et al., 2012). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, see WAS (301000). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Thrombocytopenia
MedGen UID:
52737
•Concept ID:
C0040034
•
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Eczematoid dermatitis
MedGen UID:
3968
•Concept ID:
C0013595
•
Disease or Syndrome
Eczema is a form of dermatitis that is characterized by scaly, pruritic, erythematous lesions located on flexural surfaces.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Recurrent infections
MedGen UID:
65998
•Concept ID:
C0239998
•
Finding
Increased susceptibility to infections.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Decreased proportion of CD8-positive T cells
MedGen UID:
374188
•Concept ID:
C1839305
•
Finding
A decreased proportion of circulating CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells relative to total number of T cells.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Reduced natural killer cell activity
MedGen UID:
333452
•Concept ID:
C1839969
•
Finding
Reduced ability of the natural killer cell to function in the adaptive immune response.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Defective T cell proliferation
MedGen UID:
868165
•Concept ID:
C4022557
•
Cell or Molecular Dysfunction
A reduced ability of a T cell population to expand by cell division following T cell activation.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVWiskott-Aldrich syndrome 2

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Multicenter Outcome of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Immune Deficiency Disorders in India.
Raj R, Aboobacker FN, Yadav SP, Uppuluri R, Bhat S, Choudhry D, Dua V, Kharya G, Rastogi N, Sachdev M, Khandelwal V, Swaminathan V, Bakane A, Ramakrishnan B, George B
Front Immunol 2020;11:606930. Epub 2021 Jan 8 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.606930. PMID: 33488609Free PMC Article
Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) update.
Griffith LM, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Kohn DB, Puck JM, Shearer WT, Burroughs LM, Torgerson TR, Decaluwe H, Haddad E; workshop participants
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016 Aug;138(2):375-85. Epub 2016 Apr 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.051. PMID: 27262745Free PMC Article
A PCR-based non-radioactive X-chromosome inactivation assay for genetic counseling in X-linked primary immunodeficiencies.
Wengler GS, Parolini O, Fiorini M, Mella P, Smith H, Ugazio AG, Notarangelo LD
Life Sci 1997;61(14):1405-11. doi: 10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00686-3. PMID: 9335230

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a study of 577 patients defines the genotype as a biomarker for disease severity and survival.
Vallée TC, Glasmacher JS, Buchner H, Arkwright PD, Behrends U, Bondarenko A, Browning MJ, Buchbinder D, Cattoni A, Chernyshova L, Ciznar P, Cole T, Czogała W, Dueckers G, Edgar JDM, Erbey F, Fasth A, Ferrua F, Formankova R, Gambineri E, Gennery AR, Goldman FD, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Heilmann C, Heiskanen-Kosma T, Juntti H, Kainulainen L, Kanegane H, Karaca NE, Kilic SS, Klein C, Kołtan S, Kondratenko I, Meyts I, Nasrullayeva GM, Notarangelo LD, Pasic S, Pellier I, Pignata C, Misbah S, Schulz A, Segundo GR, Shcherbina A, Slatter M, Sokolic R, Soler-Palacin P, Stepensky P, van Montfrans JM, Ryhänen S, Wolska-Kuśnierz B, Ziegler JB, Zhao X, Aiuti A, Ochs HD, Albert MH
Blood 2024 Jun 13;143(24):2504-2516. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023021411. PMID: 38579284
Hematopoietic reconstitution dynamics of mobilized- and bone marrow-derived human hematopoietic stem cells after gene therapy.
Scala S, Ferrua F, Basso-Ricci L, Dionisio F, Omrani M, Quaranta P, Jofra Hernandez R, Del Core L, Benedicenti F, Monti I, Giannelli S, Fraschetta F, Darin S, Albertazzi E, Galimberti S, Montini E, Calabria A, Cicalese MP, Aiuti A
Nat Commun 2023 May 27;14(1):3068. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38448-y. PMID: 37244942Free PMC Article
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: an EBMT Inborn Errors Working Party analysis.
Albert MH, Slatter MA, Gennery AR, Güngör T, Bakunina K, Markovitch B, Hazelaar S, Sirait T, Courteille V, Aiuti A, Aleinikova OV, Balashov D, Bernardo ME, Bodova I, Bruno B, Cavazzana M, Chiesa R, Fischer A, Hauck F, Ifversen M, Kałwak K, Klein C, Kulagin A, Kupesiz A, Kuskonmaz B, Lindemans CA, Locatelli F, Lum SH, Maschan A, Meisel R, Moshous D, Porta F, Sauer MG, Sedlacek P, Schulz A, Suarez F, Vallée TC, Winiarski JH, Zecca M, Neven B, Veys P, Lankester AC
Blood 2022 Mar 31;139(13):2066-2079. doi: 10.1182/blood.2021014687. PMID: 35100336
Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) update.
Griffith LM, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Kohn DB, Puck JM, Shearer WT, Burroughs LM, Torgerson TR, Decaluwe H, Haddad E; workshop participants
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016 Aug;138(2):375-85. Epub 2016 Apr 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.051. PMID: 27262745Free PMC Article
BAR domain proteins regulate Rho GTPase signaling.
Aspenström P
Small GTPases 2014;5(2):7. doi: 10.4161/sgtp.28580. PMID: 25483303Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a study of 577 patients defines the genotype as a biomarker for disease severity and survival.
Vallée TC, Glasmacher JS, Buchner H, Arkwright PD, Behrends U, Bondarenko A, Browning MJ, Buchbinder D, Cattoni A, Chernyshova L, Ciznar P, Cole T, Czogała W, Dueckers G, Edgar JDM, Erbey F, Fasth A, Ferrua F, Formankova R, Gambineri E, Gennery AR, Goldman FD, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Heilmann C, Heiskanen-Kosma T, Juntti H, Kainulainen L, Kanegane H, Karaca NE, Kilic SS, Klein C, Kołtan S, Kondratenko I, Meyts I, Nasrullayeva GM, Notarangelo LD, Pasic S, Pellier I, Pignata C, Misbah S, Schulz A, Segundo GR, Shcherbina A, Slatter M, Sokolic R, Soler-Palacin P, Stepensky P, van Montfrans JM, Ryhänen S, Wolska-Kuśnierz B, Ziegler JB, Zhao X, Aiuti A, Ochs HD, Albert MH
Blood 2024 Jun 13;143(24):2504-2516. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023021411. PMID: 38579284
Mechanism of WASP and WAVE family proteins in the progression of prostate cancer.
Mughees M, Bano F, Wajid S
Protoplasma 2021 Jul;258(4):683-693. Epub 2021 Jan 20 doi: 10.1007/s00709-021-01608-2. PMID: 33471226
Hematopoietic cell transplantation in primary immunodeficiency - conventional and emerging indications.
Slatter MA, Gennery AR
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018 Feb;14(2):103-114. Epub 2018 Jan 16 doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2018.1424627. PMID: 29300535
Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) update.
Griffith LM, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Kohn DB, Puck JM, Shearer WT, Burroughs LM, Torgerson TR, Decaluwe H, Haddad E; workshop participants
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016 Aug;138(2):375-85. Epub 2016 Apr 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.051. PMID: 27262745Free PMC Article
Congenital neutropenia.
Klein C
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2009:344-50. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2009.1.344. PMID: 20008220

Therapy

Outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Labrosse R, Chu JI, Armant MA, Everett JK, Pellin D, Kareddy N, Frelinger AL, Henderson LA, O'Connell AE, Biswas A, Coenen-van der Spek J, Miggelbrink A, Fiorini C, Adhikari H, Berry CC, Cantu VA, Fong J, Jaroslavsky J, Karadeniz DF, Li QZ, Reddy S, Roche AM, Zhu C, Whangbo JS, Dansereau C, Mackinnon B, Morris E, Koo SM, London WB, Baris S, Ozen A, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Despotovic JM, Forbes Satter LR, Saitoh A, Aizawa Y, King A, Nguyen MAT, Vu VDU, Snapper SB, Galy A, Notarangelo LD, Bushman FD, Williams DA, Pai SY
Blood 2023 Oct 12;142(15):1281-1296. doi: 10.1182/blood.2022019117. PMID: 37478401Free PMC Article
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: an EBMT Inborn Errors Working Party analysis.
Albert MH, Slatter MA, Gennery AR, Güngör T, Bakunina K, Markovitch B, Hazelaar S, Sirait T, Courteille V, Aiuti A, Aleinikova OV, Balashov D, Bernardo ME, Bodova I, Bruno B, Cavazzana M, Chiesa R, Fischer A, Hauck F, Ifversen M, Kałwak K, Klein C, Kulagin A, Kupesiz A, Kuskonmaz B, Lindemans CA, Locatelli F, Lum SH, Maschan A, Meisel R, Moshous D, Porta F, Sauer MG, Sedlacek P, Schulz A, Suarez F, Vallée TC, Winiarski JH, Zecca M, Neven B, Veys P, Lankester AC
Blood 2022 Mar 31;139(13):2066-2079. doi: 10.1182/blood.2021014687. PMID: 35100336
Gene therapy for severe combined immunodeficiencies and beyond.
Fischer A, Hacein-Bey-Abina S
J Exp Med 2020 Jan 6;217(2) doi: 10.1084/jem.20190607. PMID: 31826240Free PMC Article
Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) update.
Griffith LM, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Kohn DB, Puck JM, Shearer WT, Burroughs LM, Torgerson TR, Decaluwe H, Haddad E; workshop participants
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016 Aug;138(2):375-85. Epub 2016 Apr 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.051. PMID: 27262745Free PMC Article
Congenital neutropenia.
Klein C
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2009:344-50. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2009.1.344. PMID: 20008220

Prognosis

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a study of 577 patients defines the genotype as a biomarker for disease severity and survival.
Vallée TC, Glasmacher JS, Buchner H, Arkwright PD, Behrends U, Bondarenko A, Browning MJ, Buchbinder D, Cattoni A, Chernyshova L, Ciznar P, Cole T, Czogała W, Dueckers G, Edgar JDM, Erbey F, Fasth A, Ferrua F, Formankova R, Gambineri E, Gennery AR, Goldman FD, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Heilmann C, Heiskanen-Kosma T, Juntti H, Kainulainen L, Kanegane H, Karaca NE, Kilic SS, Klein C, Kołtan S, Kondratenko I, Meyts I, Nasrullayeva GM, Notarangelo LD, Pasic S, Pellier I, Pignata C, Misbah S, Schulz A, Segundo GR, Shcherbina A, Slatter M, Sokolic R, Soler-Palacin P, Stepensky P, van Montfrans JM, Ryhänen S, Wolska-Kuśnierz B, Ziegler JB, Zhao X, Aiuti A, Ochs HD, Albert MH
Blood 2024 Jun 13;143(24):2504-2516. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023021411. PMID: 38579284
LINC00869 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis via Protrusion Formation.
Shao X, Dang Y, Zhang T, Bai N, Huang J, Guo M, Sun L, Li M, Sun X, Zhang X, Han F, Zhang N, Zhuang H, Li Y
Mol Cancer Res 2024 Mar 1;22(3):282-294. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-23-0414. PMID: 37934195
Hypomethylation-mediated upregulation of the WASF2 promoter region correlates with poor clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Ahn HR, Baek GO, Yoon MG, Son JA, Yoon JH, Cheong JY, Cho HJ, Kang HC, Eun JW, Kim SS
J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022 Apr 28;41(1):158. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02365-7. PMID: 35477411Free PMC Article
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: an EBMT Inborn Errors Working Party analysis.
Albert MH, Slatter MA, Gennery AR, Güngör T, Bakunina K, Markovitch B, Hazelaar S, Sirait T, Courteille V, Aiuti A, Aleinikova OV, Balashov D, Bernardo ME, Bodova I, Bruno B, Cavazzana M, Chiesa R, Fischer A, Hauck F, Ifversen M, Kałwak K, Klein C, Kulagin A, Kupesiz A, Kuskonmaz B, Lindemans CA, Locatelli F, Lum SH, Maschan A, Meisel R, Moshous D, Porta F, Sauer MG, Sedlacek P, Schulz A, Suarez F, Vallée TC, Winiarski JH, Zecca M, Neven B, Veys P, Lankester AC
Blood 2022 Mar 31;139(13):2066-2079. doi: 10.1182/blood.2021014687. PMID: 35100336
Subversion of actin dynamics by EPEC and EHEC.
Caron E, Crepin VF, Simpson N, Knutton S, Garmendia J, Frankel G
Curr Opin Microbiol 2006 Feb;9(1):40-5. Epub 2006 Jan 6 doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2005.12.008. PMID: 16406772

Clinical prediction guides

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a study of 577 patients defines the genotype as a biomarker for disease severity and survival.
Vallée TC, Glasmacher JS, Buchner H, Arkwright PD, Behrends U, Bondarenko A, Browning MJ, Buchbinder D, Cattoni A, Chernyshova L, Ciznar P, Cole T, Czogała W, Dueckers G, Edgar JDM, Erbey F, Fasth A, Ferrua F, Formankova R, Gambineri E, Gennery AR, Goldman FD, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Heilmann C, Heiskanen-Kosma T, Juntti H, Kainulainen L, Kanegane H, Karaca NE, Kilic SS, Klein C, Kołtan S, Kondratenko I, Meyts I, Nasrullayeva GM, Notarangelo LD, Pasic S, Pellier I, Pignata C, Misbah S, Schulz A, Segundo GR, Shcherbina A, Slatter M, Sokolic R, Soler-Palacin P, Stepensky P, van Montfrans JM, Ryhänen S, Wolska-Kuśnierz B, Ziegler JB, Zhao X, Aiuti A, Ochs HD, Albert MH
Blood 2024 Jun 13;143(24):2504-2516. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023021411. PMID: 38579284
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: an EBMT Inborn Errors Working Party analysis.
Albert MH, Slatter MA, Gennery AR, Güngör T, Bakunina K, Markovitch B, Hazelaar S, Sirait T, Courteille V, Aiuti A, Aleinikova OV, Balashov D, Bernardo ME, Bodova I, Bruno B, Cavazzana M, Chiesa R, Fischer A, Hauck F, Ifversen M, Kałwak K, Klein C, Kulagin A, Kupesiz A, Kuskonmaz B, Lindemans CA, Locatelli F, Lum SH, Maschan A, Meisel R, Moshous D, Porta F, Sauer MG, Sedlacek P, Schulz A, Suarez F, Vallée TC, Winiarski JH, Zecca M, Neven B, Veys P, Lankester AC
Blood 2022 Mar 31;139(13):2066-2079. doi: 10.1182/blood.2021014687. PMID: 35100336
Gene therapy for severe combined immunodeficiencies and beyond.
Fischer A, Hacein-Bey-Abina S
J Exp Med 2020 Jan 6;217(2) doi: 10.1084/jem.20190607. PMID: 31826240Free PMC Article
TH17 cells and regulatory T cells in primary immunodeficiency diseases.
Ochs HD, Oukka M, Torgerson TR
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 May;123(5):977-83; quiz 984-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.03.030. PMID: 19410687Free PMC Article
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome in childhood.
Shannon KM, Ammann AJ
J Pediatr 1985 Feb;106(2):332-42. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(85)80320-6. PMID: 2982008

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