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Arachnoiditis

MedGen UID:
8175
•Concept ID:
C0003708
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Arachnoid Membrane Inflammation; Arachnoid Membrane Inflammations; Arachnoiditides; Inflammation, Arachnoid Membrane; Inflammations, Arachnoid Membrane
SNOMED CT: Arachnoiditis (8217007)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0015304
Orphanet: ORPHA137817

Definition

A chronic inflammation of the arachnoid layer of the meninges, of which adhesive arachnoiditis is the most severe form, characterized by debilitating, intractable neurogenic back and limb pain and a range of other neurological problems. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVArachnoiditis
Follow this link to review classifications for Arachnoiditis in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculous Meningitis in Children- an Update.
van Toorn R, Solomons R
Semin Pediatr Neurol 2023 Oct;47:101071. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2023.101071. PMID: 37919031
Subarachnoid neurocysticercosis: emerging concepts and treatment.
Nash TE, O'Connell EM
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2020 Oct;33(5):339-346. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000669. PMID: 32868512Free PMC Article
Update on the diagnosis and management of tuberculous meningitis in children.
van Toorn R, Solomons R
Semin Pediatr Neurol 2014 Mar;21(1):12-8. Epub 2014 Feb 2 doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2014.01.006. PMID: 24655399

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Effectiveness of Adjunctive High-Dose Infliximab Therapy to Improve Disability-Free Survival Among Patients With Severe Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: A Matched Retrospective Cohort Study.
Manesh A, Gautam P, Kumar D SS, Mannam P, Jasper A, Gunasekaran K, Thomas NC, Benjamin RN, Inbaraj LR, Devasagayam E, George MM, Karthik R, Abraham OC, Vanjare HA, Sivadasan A, Appaswamy PT, Jonathan E, Michael JS, Samuel P, Varghese GM
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Nov 17;77(10):1460-1467. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad401. PMID: 37405816
Spondylotic and Other Structural Myelopathies.
Bhattacharyya S
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2021 Feb 1;27(1):163-184. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000975. PMID: 33522741
Neurotuberculosis: an update.
Cherian A, Ajitha KC, Iype T, Divya KP
Acta Neurol Belg 2021 Feb;121(1):11-21. Epub 2021 Jan 5 doi: 10.1007/s13760-020-01575-0. PMID: 33400226
Syringomyelia and arachnoiditis.
Caplan LR, Norohna AB, Amico LL
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990 Feb;53(2):106-13. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.53.2.106. PMID: 2313296Free PMC Article
Steroid-induced arachnoiditis.
Roche J
Med J Aust 1984 Mar 3;140(5):281-4. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb104038.x. PMID: 6700461

Diagnosis

Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of tuberculosis.
Dhiman R, Lakra S, Panda PK, Hemachandran N, Sharma S, Saxena R
Eye (Lond) 2022 Jan;36(1):15-28. Epub 2021 Jun 14 doi: 10.1038/s41433-021-01619-6. PMID: 34127839Free PMC Article
Central Nervous System Tuberculosis.
Leonard JM
Microbiol Spectr 2017 Mar;5(2) doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0044-2017. PMID: 28281443Free PMC Article
Arachnoiditis.
Kalina J
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2012 Jun;26(2):176-7. doi: 10.3109/15360288.2012.671239. PMID: 22764866
Neurocysticercosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation.
Kimura-Hayama ET, Higuera JA, Corona-Cedillo R, Chávez-Macías L, Perochena A, Quiroz-Rojas LY, Rodríguez-Carbajal J, Criales JL
Radiographics 2010 Oct;30(6):1705-19. doi: 10.1148/rg.306105522. PMID: 21071384
Tuberculous meningitis.
Leonard JM, Des Prez RM
Infect Dis Clin North Am 1990 Dec;4(4):769-87. PMID: 2277198

Therapy

Effectiveness of Adjunctive High-Dose Infliximab Therapy to Improve Disability-Free Survival Among Patients With Severe Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: A Matched Retrospective Cohort Study.
Manesh A, Gautam P, Kumar D SS, Mannam P, Jasper A, Gunasekaran K, Thomas NC, Benjamin RN, Inbaraj LR, Devasagayam E, George MM, Karthik R, Abraham OC, Vanjare HA, Sivadasan A, Appaswamy PT, Jonathan E, Michael JS, Samuel P, Varghese GM
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Nov 17;77(10):1460-1467. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad401. PMID: 37405816
Neurotuberculosis: an update.
Cherian A, Ajitha KC, Iype T, Divya KP
Acta Neurol Belg 2021 Feb;121(1):11-21. Epub 2021 Jan 5 doi: 10.1007/s13760-020-01575-0. PMID: 33400226
Central Nervous System Tuberculosis.
Leonard JM
Microbiol Spectr 2017 Mar;5(2) doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0044-2017. PMID: 28281443Free PMC Article
Neurocysticercosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation.
Kimura-Hayama ET, Higuera JA, Corona-Cedillo R, Chávez-Macías L, Perochena A, Quiroz-Rojas LY, Rodríguez-Carbajal J, Criales JL
Radiographics 2010 Oct;30(6):1705-19. doi: 10.1148/rg.306105522. PMID: 21071384
CNS tuberculosis.
Sheller JR, Des Prez RM
Neurol Clin 1986 Feb;4(1):143-58. doi: 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30992-7. PMID: 3523199Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of tuberculosis.
Dhiman R, Lakra S, Panda PK, Hemachandran N, Sharma S, Saxena R
Eye (Lond) 2022 Jan;36(1):15-28. Epub 2021 Jun 14 doi: 10.1038/s41433-021-01619-6. PMID: 34127839Free PMC Article
Central Nervous System Tuberculosis.
Leonard JM
Microbiol Spectr 2017 Mar;5(2) doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0044-2017. PMID: 28281443Free PMC Article
Neurocysticercosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation.
Kimura-Hayama ET, Higuera JA, Corona-Cedillo R, Chávez-Macías L, Perochena A, Quiroz-Rojas LY, Rodríguez-Carbajal J, Criales JL
Radiographics 2010 Oct;30(6):1705-19. doi: 10.1148/rg.306105522. PMID: 21071384
Tuberculous meningitis.
Leonard JM, Des Prez RM
Infect Dis Clin North Am 1990 Dec;4(4):769-87. PMID: 2277198
CNS tuberculosis.
Sheller JR, Des Prez RM
Neurol Clin 1986 Feb;4(1):143-58. doi: 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30992-7. PMID: 3523199Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Effectiveness of Adjunctive High-Dose Infliximab Therapy to Improve Disability-Free Survival Among Patients With Severe Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: A Matched Retrospective Cohort Study.
Manesh A, Gautam P, Kumar D SS, Mannam P, Jasper A, Gunasekaran K, Thomas NC, Benjamin RN, Inbaraj LR, Devasagayam E, George MM, Karthik R, Abraham OC, Vanjare HA, Sivadasan A, Appaswamy PT, Jonathan E, Michael JS, Samuel P, Varghese GM
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Nov 17;77(10):1460-1467. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad401. PMID: 37405816
A phase I/II study of intrathecal trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) cancer with leptomeningeal metastases: Safety, efficacy, and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics.
Kumthekar PU, Avram MJ, Lassman AB, Lin NU, Lee E, Grimm SA, Schwartz M, Bell Burdett KL, Lukas RV, Dixit K, Perron I, Zhang H, Gradishar WJ, Pentsova EI, Jeyapalan S, Groves MD, Melisko M, Raizer JJ
Neuro Oncol 2023 Mar 14;25(3):557-565. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noac195. PMID: 35948282Free PMC Article
Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of tuberculosis.
Dhiman R, Lakra S, Panda PK, Hemachandran N, Sharma S, Saxena R
Eye (Lond) 2022 Jan;36(1):15-28. Epub 2021 Jun 14 doi: 10.1038/s41433-021-01619-6. PMID: 34127839Free PMC Article
Subarachnoid neurocysticercosis: emerging concepts and treatment.
Nash TE, O'Connell EM
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2020 Oct;33(5):339-346. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000669. PMID: 32868512Free PMC Article
Tuberculous optochiasmatic arachnoiditis.
Anupriya A, Sunithi M, Maya T, Goel M, Alexander M, Aaron S, Mathew V
Neurol India 2010 Sep-Oct;58(5):732-5. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.72194. PMID: 21045497

Recent systematic reviews

Spinal Adhesive Arachnoidopathy, the Disorder More Than Simply Adhesive Arachnoiditis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of 510 Cases.
Zhang W, Liu Z, Wang K, Zhang L, Liu S, Zhang X, Wang Y, He K, Wu H
CNS Neurosci Ther 2024 Oct;30(10):e70084. doi: 10.1111/cns.70084. PMID: 39435986Free PMC Article
Association between perioperative neuraxial local anesthetic neurotoxicity and arachnoiditis: a narrative review of published reports.
Brenna CTA, Khan S, Poots C, Brull R
Reg Anesth Pain Med 2024 Oct 8;49(10):726-750. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2023-104941. PMID: 38050164
Symptomatic secondary spinal arachnoid cysts: a systematic review.
Wang YB, Wang DH, Deng SL
Spine J 2023 Aug;23(8):1199-1211. Epub 2023 Mar 15 doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.03.002. PMID: 36924909
The leptomeninges as a critical organ for normal CNS development and function: First patient and public involved systematic review of arachnoiditis (chronic meningitis).
Palackdkharry CS, Wottrich S, Dienes E, Bydon M, Steinmetz MP, Traynelis VC
PLoS One 2022;17(9):e0274634. Epub 2022 Sep 30 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274634. PMID: 36178925Free PMC Article
Systematic review of percutaneous adhesiolysis and management of chronic low back pain in post lumbar surgery syndrome.
Epter RS, Helm S 2nd, Hayek SM, Benyamin RM, Smith HS, Abdi S
Pain Physician 2009 Mar-Apr;12(2):361-78. PMID: 19305485

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