Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of connective tissue disorders defined by joint laxity and skin alterations that include hyperextensibility, atrophic scarring, and bruising. Periodontal EDS (EDSPD; previously designated 'EDS VIII') is a specific subtype of EDS with autosomal dominant inheritance, in which the defining feature is an EDS phenotype combined with severe periodontal inflammation. In childhood, periodontal inflammation in EDSPD is characterized by extensive gingivitis in response to mild plaque accumulation. In the teens, early-onset periodontitis leads to inflammatory destruction of dental attachment and premature loss of teeth. Other clinical features include pretibial hyperpigmentation, acrogeria, skin and gum fragility, scarring, generalized and/or distal joint hypermobility, and bruising out of proportion to trauma. There are also reports of life-threatening complications such as arterial or gastrointestinal ruptures (summary by Kapferer-Seebacher et al., 2016).
Genetic Heterogeneity of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Periodontal Type
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome periodontal type 2 (EDSPD2; 617174) is caused by mutation in the C1S gene (120580) on chromosome 12p13. [from
OMIM]