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Severe combined immunodeficiency due to DNA-PKcs deficiency(IMD26)

MedGen UID:
863270
Concept ID:
C4014833
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: IMMUNODEFICIENCY 26 WITH NEUROLOGIC ABNORMALITIES; Immunodeficiency 26 with or without neurologic abnormalities
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): PRKDC (8q11.21)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0014423
OMIM®: 615966
Orphanet: ORPHA317425

Definition

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to DNA-PKcs deficiency is an extremely rare type of SCID (see this term) characterized by the classical signs of SCID (severe and recurrent infections, diarrhea, failure to thrive), absence of T and B lymphocytes, and cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation. [from ORDO]

Clinical features

From HPO
Micropenis
MedGen UID:
1633603
Concept ID:
C4551492
Congenital Abnormality
Abnormally small penis. At birth, the normal penis is about 3 cm (stretched length from pubic tubercle to tip of penis) with micropenis less than 2.0-2.5 cm.
Overlapping fingers
MedGen UID:
252954
Concept ID:
C1446712
Finding
A finger resting on the dorsal surface of an adjacent digit when the hand is at rest.
Fetal growth restriction
MedGen UID:
4693
Concept ID:
C0015934
Pathologic Function
An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.
Sensorineural hearing loss disorder
MedGen UID:
9164
Concept ID:
C0018784
Disease or Syndrome
A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.
Low-set ears
MedGen UID:
65980
Concept ID:
C0239234
Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Seizure
MedGen UID:
20693
Concept ID:
C0036572
Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Macrogyria
MedGen UID:
120579
Concept ID:
C0266483
Congenital Abnormality
Pachygyria is a malformation of cortical development with abnormally wide gyri with sulci 1,5-3 cm apart and abnormally thick cortex measuring more than 5 mm (radiological definition). See also neuropathological definitions for 2-, 3-, and 4-layered lissencephaly.
Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum
MedGen UID:
138005
Concept ID:
C0344482
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the corpus callosum.
Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
333548
Concept ID:
C1840379
Finding
Underdevelopment of the vermis of cerebellum.
Simplified gyral pattern
MedGen UID:
413664
Concept ID:
C2749675
Finding
An abnormality of the cerebral cortex with fewer gyri but with normal cortical thickness. This pattern is usually often associated with congenital microcephaly.
CNS hypomyelination
MedGen UID:
892446
Concept ID:
C4025616
Finding
Reduced amount of myelin in the central nervous system resulting from defective myelinogenesis.
Brain atrophy
MedGen UID:
1643639
Concept ID:
C4551584
Disease or Syndrome
Partial or complete wasting (loss) of brain tissue that was once present.
Microcephaly
MedGen UID:
1644158
Concept ID:
C4551563
Finding
Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.
Recurrent lower respiratory tract infections
MedGen UID:
756211
Concept ID:
C3163798
Disease or Syndrome
An increased susceptibility to lower respiratory tract infections as manifested by a history of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections.
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease
MedGen UID:
88328
Concept ID:
C0085110
Disease or Syndrome
A type of primary immune deficiency that is characterized by a more severe defect in both the T- and B-lymphocyte systems.
B lymphocytopenia
MedGen UID:
340780
Concept ID:
C1855067
Finding
An abnormal decrease from the normal count of B cells.
T lymphocytopenia
MedGen UID:
419385
Concept ID:
C2931322
Finding
An abnormally low count of T cells.
Abnormal natural killer cell morphology
MedGen UID:
866748
Concept ID:
C4021098
Anatomical Abnormality
An anomaly of the natural killer cell, which is a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors. It also regulates immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells.
Prominent forehead
MedGen UID:
373291
Concept ID:
C1837260
Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Wide nasal bridge
MedGen UID:
341441
Concept ID:
C1849367
Finding
Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root).
Long philtrum
MedGen UID:
351278
Concept ID:
C1865014
Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Thin upper lip vermilion
MedGen UID:
355352
Concept ID:
C1865017
Finding
Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective).
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis
MedGen UID:
445425
Concept ID:
C2937365
Disease or Syndrome
Recurrent episodes of ulceration of the oral mucosa, typically presenting as painful, sharply circumscribed fibrin-covered mucosal defects with a hyperemic border.
Short chin
MedGen UID:
784514
Concept ID:
C3697248
Finding
Decreased vertical distance from the vermilion border of the lower lip to the inferior-most point of the chin.
Deeply set eye
MedGen UID:
473112
Concept ID:
C0423224
Finding
An eye that is more deeply recessed into the plane of the face than is typical.
Visual impairment
MedGen UID:
777085
Concept ID:
C3665347
Finding
Visual impairment (or vision impairment) is vision loss (of a person) to such a degree as to qualify as an additional support need through a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from either disease, trauma, or congenital or degenerative conditions that cannot be corrected by conventional means, such as refractive correction, medication, or surgery.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSevere combined immunodeficiency due to DNA-PKcs deficiency

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Aluri J, Desai M, Gupta M, Dalvi A, Terance A, Rosenzweig SD, Stoddard JL, Niemela JE, Tamankar V, Mhatre S, Bargir U, Kulkarni M, Shah N, Aggarwal A, Lashkari HP, Krishna V, Govindaraj G, Kalra M, Madkaikar M
Front Immunol 2019;10:23. Epub 2019 Feb 4 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00023. PMID: 30778343Free PMC Article
Nahas SA, Gatti RA
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 Dec;9(6):510-6. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328332be17. PMID: 19858715

Diagnosis

Aluri J, Desai M, Gupta M, Dalvi A, Terance A, Rosenzweig SD, Stoddard JL, Niemela JE, Tamankar V, Mhatre S, Bargir U, Kulkarni M, Shah N, Aggarwal A, Lashkari HP, Krishna V, Govindaraj G, Kalra M, Madkaikar M
Front Immunol 2019;10:23. Epub 2019 Feb 4 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00023. PMID: 30778343Free PMC Article
Chang HH, Lieber MR
Nucleic Acids Res 2016 Jun 20;44(11):4991-7. Epub 2016 May 19 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkw456. PMID: 27198222Free PMC Article
Mathieu AL, Verronese E, Rice GI, Fouyssac F, Bertrand Y, Picard C, Chansel M, Walter JE, Notarangelo LD, Butte MJ, Nadeau KC, Csomos K, Chen DJ, Chen K, Delgado A, Rigal C, Bardin C, Schuetz C, Moshous D, Reumaux H, Plenat F, Phan A, Zabot MT, Balme B, Viel S, Bienvenu J, Cochat P, van der Burg M, Caux C, Kemp EH, Rouvet I, Malcus C, Méritet JF, Lim A, Crow YJ, Fabien N, Ménétrier-Caux C, De Villartay JP, Walzer T, Belot A
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015 Jun;135(6):1578-88.e5. Epub 2015 Apr 2 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.040. PMID: 25842288Free PMC Article
Nahas SA, Gatti RA
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 Dec;9(6):510-6. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328332be17. PMID: 19858715
van der Burg M, van Dongen JJ, van Gent DC
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 Dec;9(6):503-9. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283327e41. PMID: 19823081

Prognosis

Woodbine L, Neal JA, Sasi NK, Shimada M, Deem K, Coleman H, Dobyns WB, Ogi T, Meek K, Davies EG, Jeggo PA
J Clin Invest 2013 Jul;123(7):2969-80. Epub 2013 Jun 3 doi: 10.1172/JCI67349. PMID: 23722905Free PMC Article
Turul T, Tezcan I, Sanal O
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011;21(4):313-6. PMID: 21721379
Nahas SA, Gatti RA
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 Dec;9(6):510-6. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328332be17. PMID: 19858715
van der Burg M, van Dongen JJ, van Gent DC
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 Dec;9(6):503-9. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283327e41. PMID: 19823081
Gerweck LE, Vijayappa S, Kurimasa A, Ogawa K, Chen DJ
Cancer Res 2006 Sep 1;66(17):8352-5. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0533. PMID: 16951142

Clinical prediction guides

Aluri J, Desai M, Gupta M, Dalvi A, Terance A, Rosenzweig SD, Stoddard JL, Niemela JE, Tamankar V, Mhatre S, Bargir U, Kulkarni M, Shah N, Aggarwal A, Lashkari HP, Krishna V, Govindaraj G, Kalra M, Madkaikar M
Front Immunol 2019;10:23. Epub 2019 Feb 4 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00023. PMID: 30778343Free PMC Article
Woodbine L, Neal JA, Sasi NK, Shimada M, Deem K, Coleman H, Dobyns WB, Ogi T, Meek K, Davies EG, Jeggo PA
J Clin Invest 2013 Jul;123(7):2969-80. Epub 2013 Jun 3 doi: 10.1172/JCI67349. PMID: 23722905Free PMC Article
Nahas SA, Gatti RA
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 Dec;9(6):510-6. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328332be17. PMID: 19858715
van der Burg M, van Dongen JJ, van Gent DC
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 Dec;9(6):503-9. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283327e41. PMID: 19823081
Meek K, Jutkowitz A, Allen L, Glover J, Convery E, Massa A, Mullaney T, Stanley B, Rosenstein D, Bailey SM, Johnson C, Georges G
J Immunol 2009 Aug 15;183(4):2529-36. Epub 2009 Jul 27 doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0801406. PMID: 19635917Free PMC Article

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