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Hereditary spastic paraplegia 75(SPG75)

MedGen UID:
896387
Concept ID:
C4225250
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Spastic paraplegia 75, autosomal recessive
SNOMED CT: Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 75 (1187470001)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): MAG (19q13.12)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0014729
OMIM®: 616680
Orphanet: ORPHA459056

Definition

Spastic paraplegia-75 (SPG75) is an autosomal recessive, slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by onset of spastic paraplegia and cognitive impairment in childhood (summary by Lossos et al., 2015). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive SPG, see SPG5A (270800). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hyporeflexia of lower limbs
MedGen UID:
371881
Concept ID:
C1834696
Finding
Reduced intensity of muscle tendon reflexes in the lower limbs. Reflexes are elicited by stretching the tendon of a muscle, e.g., by tapping.
Areflexia of lower limbs
MedGen UID:
347285
Concept ID:
C1856694
Finding
Inability to elicit tendon reflexes in the lower limbs.
Dysarthria
MedGen UID:
8510
Concept ID:
C0013362
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.
Spasticity
MedGen UID:
7753
Concept ID:
C0026838
Sign or Symptom
A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.
Peripheral neuropathy
MedGen UID:
18386
Concept ID:
C0031117
Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course.
Babinski sign
MedGen UID:
19708
Concept ID:
C0034935
Finding
Upturning of the big toe (and sometimes fanning of the other toes) in response to stimulation of the sole of the foot. If the Babinski sign is present it can indicate damage to the corticospinal tract.
Spastic paraparesis
MedGen UID:
52432
Concept ID:
C0037771
Sign or Symptom
Mild or moderate loss of motor function accompanied by spasticity in the lower extremities. This condition is a manifestation of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that cause injury to the motor cortex or descending motor pathways.
Hyperreflexia
MedGen UID:
57738
Concept ID:
C0151889
Finding
Hyperreflexia is the presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles.
Spastic gait
MedGen UID:
115907
Concept ID:
C0231687
Finding
Spasticity is manifested by increased stretch reflex which is intensified with movement velocity. This results in excessive and inappropriate muscle activation which can contribute to muscle hypertonia. Spastic gait is characterized by manifestations such as muscle hypertonia, stiff knee, and circumduction of the leg.
Abnormal pyramidal sign
MedGen UID:
68582
Concept ID:
C0234132
Sign or Symptom
Functional neurological abnormalities related to dysfunction of the pyramidal tract.
Dysmetria
MedGen UID:
68583
Concept ID:
C0234162
Finding
A type of ataxia characterized by the inability to carry out movements with the correct range and motion across the plane of more than one joint related to incorrect estimation of the distances required for targeted movements.
Cognitive impairment
MedGen UID:
90932
Concept ID:
C0338656
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Abnormal cognition is characterized by deficits in thinking, reasoning, or remembering.
Corpus callosum atrophy
MedGen UID:
96560
Concept ID:
C0431370
Finding
The presence of atrophy (wasting) of the corpus callosum.
Spastic dysarthria
MedGen UID:
105312
Concept ID:
C0454596
Finding
A type of dysarthria related to bilateral damage of the upper motor neuron tracts of the pyramidal and extra- pyramidal tracts. Speech of affected individuals is slow, effortful, and has a harsh vocal quality.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Cerebellar atrophy
MedGen UID:
196624
Concept ID:
C0740279
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event.
Loss of ambulation
MedGen UID:
332305
Concept ID:
C1836843
Finding
Inability to walk in a person who previous had the ability to walk.
Impaired distal vibration sensation
MedGen UID:
381262
Concept ID:
C1853767
Finding
A decrease in the ability to perceive vibration in the distal portions of the limbs.
Ventriculomegaly
MedGen UID:
480553
Concept ID:
C3278923
Finding
An increase in size of the ventricular system of the brain.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Distal lower limb amyotrophy
MedGen UID:
324515
Concept ID:
C1836451
Disease or Syndrome
Muscular atrophy of distal leg muscles.
Neonatal hypotonia
MedGen UID:
412209
Concept ID:
C2267233
Disease or Syndrome
Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) manifesting in the neonatal period.
Astigmatism
MedGen UID:
2473
Concept ID:
C0004106
Disease or Syndrome
Astigmatism (from the Greek 'a' meaning absence and 'stigma' meaning point) is a condition in which the parallel rays of light entering the eye through the refractive media are not focused on a single point. Both corneal and noncorneal factors contribute to refractive astigmatism. Corneal astigmatism is mainly the result of an aspheric anterior surface of the cornea, which can be measured readily by means of a keratometer; in a small fraction of cases (approximately 1 in 10) the effect is neutralized by the back surface. The curvature of the back surface of the cornea is not considered in most studies, because it is more difficult to measure; moreover, in the case of severe corneal astigmatism, there is evidence that both surfaces have the same configuration. Noncorneal factors are errors in the curvature of the 2 surfaces of the crystalline lens, irregularity in the refractive index of the lens, and an eccentric lens position. Since the cornea is the dominant component of the eye's refracting system, a highly astigmatic cornea is likely to result in a similarly astigmatic ocular refraction (summary by Clementi et al., 1998).
Glaucoma
MedGen UID:
42224
Concept ID:
C0017601
Disease or Syndrome
Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.
Hypermetropia
MedGen UID:
43780
Concept ID:
C0020490
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects in the distance clearly, while objects nearby appear blurry.
Nystagmus
MedGen UID:
45166
Concept ID:
C0028738
Disease or Syndrome
Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.
Optic atrophy
MedGen UID:
18180
Concept ID:
C0029124
Disease or Syndrome
Atrophy of the optic nerve. Optic atrophy results from the death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve and manifesting as a pale optic nerve on fundoscopy.
Reduced visual acuity
MedGen UID:
65889
Concept ID:
C0234632
Finding
Diminished clarity of vision.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHereditary spastic paraplegia 75

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Zhou YX, Qiao WH, Gu WH, Xie H, Tang BS, Zhou LS, Yang BX, Takiyama Y, Tsuji S, He HY, Deng CX, Goldfarb LG, Wang GX
Arch Neurol 2001 May;58(5):789-94. doi: 10.1001/archneur.58.5.789. PMID: 11346374

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Diarra S, Coulibaly T, Dembélé K, Ngouth N, Cissé L, Diallo SH, Ouologuem M, Diallo S, Coulibaly O, Bagayoko K, Coulibaly D, Simaga A, Sango HA, Traoré M, Jacobson S, Fischbeck KH, Landouré G, Guinto CO; H3Africa consortium
Acta Neurol Belg 2023 Dec;123(6):2155-2165. Epub 2022 Nov 17 doi: 10.1007/s13760-022-02113-w. PMID: 36396882
Perić S, Marković V, Candayan A, De Vriendt E, Momčilović N, Savić A, Dragašević-Mišković N, Svetel M, Stević Z, Božović I, Mesaroš Š, Drulović J, Basta I, Petrović I, Tamaš O, Mijajlović M, Novaković I, Sokić D, Jordanova A
Cells 2022 Sep 8;11(18) doi: 10.3390/cells11182804. PMID: 36139378Free PMC Article
Giannoccaro MP, Matteo E, Bartiromo F, Tonon C, Santorelli FM, Liguori R, Rizzo G
Neurol Sci 2022 Sep;43(9):5501-5511. Epub 2022 May 21 doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06145-1. PMID: 35595875
Cui F, Sun L, Qiao J, Xiong J, Zhao Y, Li J, Li M, Chen S, Huang X
Neurol Res 2018 Dec;40(12):1088-1093. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1522412. PMID: 30352018
Faber I, Pereira ER, Martinez ARM, França M Jr, Teive HAG
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2017 Nov;75(11):813-818. doi: 10.1590/0004-282X20170160. PMID: 29236826

Diagnosis

Diarra S, Coulibaly T, Dembélé K, Ngouth N, Cissé L, Diallo SH, Ouologuem M, Diallo S, Coulibaly O, Bagayoko K, Coulibaly D, Simaga A, Sango HA, Traoré M, Jacobson S, Fischbeck KH, Landouré G, Guinto CO; H3Africa consortium
Acta Neurol Belg 2023 Dec;123(6):2155-2165. Epub 2022 Nov 17 doi: 10.1007/s13760-022-02113-w. PMID: 36396882
Perić S, Marković V, Candayan A, De Vriendt E, Momčilović N, Savić A, Dragašević-Mišković N, Svetel M, Stević Z, Božović I, Mesaroš Š, Drulović J, Basta I, Petrović I, Tamaš O, Mijajlović M, Novaković I, Sokić D, Jordanova A
Cells 2022 Sep 8;11(18) doi: 10.3390/cells11182804. PMID: 36139378Free PMC Article
Méreaux JL, Banneau G, Papin M, Coarelli G, Valter R, Raymond L, Kol B, Ariste O, Parodi L, Tissier L, Mairey M, Ait Said S, Gautier C, Guillaud-Bataille M; French SPATAX clinical network, Forlani S, de la Grange P, Brice A, Vazza G, Durr A, Leguern E, Stevanin G
Brain 2022 Apr 29;145(3):1029-1037. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab386. PMID: 34983064
Cui F, Sun L, Qiao J, Xiong J, Zhao Y, Li J, Li M, Chen S, Huang X
Neurol Res 2018 Dec;40(12):1088-1093. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1522412. PMID: 30352018
Lenaers G, Hamel C, Delettre C, Amati-Bonneau P, Procaccio V, Bonneau D, Reynier P, Milea D
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Jul 9;7:46. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-46. PMID: 22776096Free PMC Article

Therapy

Tezenas du Montcel S, Charles P, Goizet C, Marelli C, Ribai P, Vincitorio C, Anheim M, Guyant-Maréchal L, Le Bayon A, Vandenberghe N, Tchikviladzé M, Devos D, Le Ber I, N'Guyen K, Cazeneuve C, Tallaksen C, Brice A, Durr A
Arch Neurol 2012 Apr;69(4):500-8. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.2713. PMID: 22491195
Geva-Dayan K, Domenievitz D, Zahalka R, Fattal-Valevski A
J Child Neurol 2010 Aug;25(8):969-75. Epub 2010 Apr 20 doi: 10.1177/0883073809356037. PMID: 20406997
Bensmail D, Quera Salva MA, Roche N, Benyahia S, Bohic M, Denys P, Bussel B, Lofaso F
Neurology 2006 Oct 24;67(8):1432-6. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000239827.38036.23. PMID: 17060570

Prognosis

Diarra S, Coulibaly T, Dembélé K, Ngouth N, Cissé L, Diallo SH, Ouologuem M, Diallo S, Coulibaly O, Bagayoko K, Coulibaly D, Simaga A, Sango HA, Traoré M, Jacobson S, Fischbeck KH, Landouré G, Guinto CO; H3Africa consortium
Acta Neurol Belg 2023 Dec;123(6):2155-2165. Epub 2022 Nov 17 doi: 10.1007/s13760-022-02113-w. PMID: 36396882
Méreaux JL, Banneau G, Papin M, Coarelli G, Valter R, Raymond L, Kol B, Ariste O, Parodi L, Tissier L, Mairey M, Ait Said S, Gautier C, Guillaud-Bataille M; French SPATAX clinical network, Forlani S, de la Grange P, Brice A, Vazza G, Durr A, Leguern E, Stevanin G
Brain 2022 Apr 29;145(3):1029-1037. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab386. PMID: 34983064
Zech M, Brunet T, Škorvánek M, Blaschek A, Vill K, Hanker B, Hüning I, Haň V, Došekova P, Gdovinová Z, Alhaddad B, Berutti R, Strom TM, Růžička E, Kamsteeg EJ, van der Smagt JJ, Wagner M, Jech R, Winkelmann J
Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020 Aug;77:70-75. Epub 2020 Jun 29 doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.027. PMID: 32629324
Lenaers G, Hamel C, Delettre C, Amati-Bonneau P, Procaccio V, Bonneau D, Reynier P, Milea D
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Jul 9;7:46. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-46. PMID: 22776096Free PMC Article
Smith BN, Bevan S, Vance C, Renwick P, Wilkinson P, Proukakis C, Squitieri F, Berardelli A, Warner TT, Reid E, Shaw CE
Clin Genet 2009 May;75(5):485-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01184.x. PMID: 19459885

Clinical prediction guides

Diarra S, Coulibaly T, Dembélé K, Ngouth N, Cissé L, Diallo SH, Ouologuem M, Diallo S, Coulibaly O, Bagayoko K, Coulibaly D, Simaga A, Sango HA, Traoré M, Jacobson S, Fischbeck KH, Landouré G, Guinto CO; H3Africa consortium
Acta Neurol Belg 2023 Dec;123(6):2155-2165. Epub 2022 Nov 17 doi: 10.1007/s13760-022-02113-w. PMID: 36396882
Méreaux JL, Banneau G, Papin M, Coarelli G, Valter R, Raymond L, Kol B, Ariste O, Parodi L, Tissier L, Mairey M, Ait Said S, Gautier C, Guillaud-Bataille M; French SPATAX clinical network, Forlani S, de la Grange P, Brice A, Vazza G, Durr A, Leguern E, Stevanin G
Brain 2022 Apr 29;145(3):1029-1037. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab386. PMID: 34983064
Cui F, Sun L, Qiao J, Xiong J, Zhao Y, Li J, Li M, Chen S, Huang X
Neurol Res 2018 Dec;40(12):1088-1093. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1522412. PMID: 30352018
Tezenas du Montcel S, Charles P, Goizet C, Marelli C, Ribai P, Vincitorio C, Anheim M, Guyant-Maréchal L, Le Bayon A, Vandenberghe N, Tchikviladzé M, Devos D, Le Ber I, N'Guyen K, Cazeneuve C, Tallaksen C, Brice A, Durr A
Arch Neurol 2012 Apr;69(4):500-8. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.2713. PMID: 22491195
Vahter L, Braschinsky M, Haldre S, Gross-Paju K
Clin Rehabil 2009 Sep;23(9):857-61. Epub 2009 Jun 26 doi: 10.1177/0269215509337186. PMID: 19561033

Recent systematic reviews

Giannoccaro MP, Matteo E, Bartiromo F, Tonon C, Santorelli FM, Liguori R, Rizzo G
Neurol Sci 2022 Sep;43(9):5501-5511. Epub 2022 May 21 doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06145-1. PMID: 35595875

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