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Symmetrical dyschromatosis of extremities(DSH)

MedGen UID:
96071
Concept ID:
C0406775
Congenital Abnormality
Synonyms: DSH; Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria; Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria 1; Familial reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi; Reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi; Symmetric dyschromatosis of the extremities
SNOMED CT: Symmetrical dyschromatosis of extremities (239085000); Acropigmentation of Dohi (239085000); Reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi (239085000)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal dominant inheritance
MedGen UID:
141047
Concept ID:
C0443147
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.
 
Gene (location): ADAR (1q21.3)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0007483
OMIM®: 127400
Orphanet: ORPHA41

Definition

Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH), also called symmetric dyschromatosis of the extremities and symmetric or reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi (Komaya, 1924), is characterized by hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules on the face and dorsal aspects of the extremities that appear in infancy or early childhood. DSH generally shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with high penetrance. The condition has been reported predominantly in Japanese and Chinese individuals. Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome-6 (AGS6; 615010) is an allelic disorder, and patients have been reported who exhibit features of both disorders. Review of Reticulate Pigment Disorders Muller et al. (2012) reviewed the spectrum of reticulate pigment disorders of the skin, tabulating all reported cases of patients with Dowling-Degos disease (see DDD1; 179850), reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAK; 615537), reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi (RAD), Galli-Galli disease (GGD), and Haber syndrome (HS). Of 82 cases, 26 (31.7%) were clinically diagnosed as DDD, 13 (15.9%) as RAD, 11 (13.4%) as GGD, 8 (9.8%) as RAK, and 8 (9.8%) as HS; in addition, 16 (19.5%) of the cases showed overlap between DDD and RAK. Muller et al. (2012) also published photographs of an affected individual exhibiting an overlap of clinical features of DDD, GGD, RAD, and RAK. The authors noted that in reticulate disorders of the skin, the main disease entity is DDD, with a subset of cases exhibiting acantholysis (GGD), facial erythema (HS), or an acral distribution (RAD; RAK). Muller et al. (2012) concluded that all reticulate pigment diseases of the skin are varying manifestations of a single entity. Genetic Heterogeneity of Reticulate Pigment Disorders For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of reticulate pigment disorders, see 179850. [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hyperpigmented/hypopigmented macules
MedGen UID:
870431
Concept ID:
C4024877
Finding

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSymmetrical dyschromatosis of extremities
Follow this link to review classifications for Symmetrical dyschromatosis of extremities in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Urabe K, Hori Y
Semin Cutan Med Surg 1997 Mar;16(1):81-5. doi: 10.1016/s1085-5629(97)80039-9. PMID: 9125769

Diagnosis

Urabe K, Hori Y
Semin Cutan Med Surg 1997 Mar;16(1):81-5. doi: 10.1016/s1085-5629(97)80039-9. PMID: 9125769
Patrizi A, Manneschi V, Pini A, Baioni E, Ghetti P
Acta Derm Venereol 1994 Mar;74(2):135-7. doi: 10.2340/0001555574135137. PMID: 7911621

Therapy

Urabe K, Hori Y
Semin Cutan Med Surg 1997 Mar;16(1):81-5. doi: 10.1016/s1085-5629(97)80039-9. PMID: 9125769

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