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Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with congenital joint dislocations(SEDCJD)

MedGen UID:
373381
Concept ID:
C1837657
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: CHST3-Related Skeletal Dysplasia; Humero-spinal dysostosis with congenital heart disease; Humerospinal Dysostosis; Kozlowski Celermajer Tink syndrome; SEDCJD; Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia, Omani Type
SNOMED CT: Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Omani type (702400006); Humero-spinal dysostosis (702400006); Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with congenital joint dislocations (702400006); CHST3-related skeletal dysplasia (725417001); Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3 related skeletal dysplasia (725417001); Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with congenital joint dyslocations CHST3 type (725417001)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): CHST3 (10q22.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0007738
OMIM®: 143095
Orphanet: ORPHA263463

Definition

CHST3-related skeletal dysplasia is characterized by short stature of prenatal onset, joint dislocations (knees, hips, radial heads), clubfeet, and limitation of range of motion that can involve all large joints. Kyphosis and occasionally scoliosis with slight shortening of the trunk develop in childhood. Minor heart valve dysplasia has been described in several persons. Intellect and vision are normal. [from GeneReviews]

Additional descriptions

From GeneReviews Overview
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a cardiac electrophysiologic disorder, characterized by QT prolongation and T-wave abnormalities on the EKG that are associated with tachyarrhythmias, typically the ventricular tachycardia torsade de pointes (TdP). TdP is usually self-terminating, thus causing a syncopal event, the most common symptom in individuals with LQTS. Such cardiac events typically occur during exercise and emotional stress, less frequently during sleep, and usually without warning. In some instances, TdP degenerates to ventricular fibrillation and causes aborted cardiac arrest (if the individual is defibrillated) or sudden death. Approximately 50% of untreated individuals with a pathogenic variant in one of the genes associated with LQTS have symptoms, usually one to a few syncopal events. While cardiac events may occur from infancy through middle age, they are most common from the preteen years through the 20s. Some types of LQTS are associated with a phenotype extending beyond cardiac arrhythmia. In addition to the prolonged QT interval, associations include muscle weakness and facial dysmorphism in Andersen-Tawil syndrome (LQTS type 7); hand/foot, facial, and neurodevelopmental features in Timothy syndrome (LQTS type 8); and profound sensorineural hearing loss in Jervell and Lange-Nielson syndrome.
From OMIM
Although patients with mutations in the CHST3 gene may initially be given varying diagnostic labels, they have similar clinical features, including dislocation of the knees and/or hips at birth, clubfoot, elbow joint dysplasia with subluxation and limited extension, short stature, and progressive kyphosis developing in late childhood. The disorder is usually evident at birth, with short stature and multiple joint dislocations or subluxations that dominate the neonatal clinical and radiographic picture, and affected individuals may receive an initial clinical diagnosis of Larsen syndrome (see 245600) or humerospinal dysostosis. During childhood, the dislocations improve, both spontaneously and with surgical treatment, and features of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia become apparent, leading to arthritis of the hips and spine with intervertebral disc degeneration, rigid kyphoscoliosis, and trunk shortening by late childhood; at this stage, the clinical features are those previously described as the Omani type of SED (summary by Unger et al., 2010).  http://www.omim.org/entry/143095

Clinical features

From HPO
Arthralgia
MedGen UID:
13917
Concept ID:
C0003862
Sign or Symptom
Joint pain.
Clubfoot
MedGen UID:
3130
Concept ID:
C0009081
Congenital Abnormality
Clubfoot is a congenital limb deformity defined as fixation of the foot in cavus, adductus, varus, and equinus (i.e., inclined inwards, axially rotated outwards, and pointing downwards) with concomitant soft tissue abnormalities (Cardy et al., 2007). Clubfoot may occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome (e.g., diastrophic dysplasia, 222600). Clubfoot has been reported with deficiency of long bones and mirror-image polydactyly (Gurnett et al., 2008; Klopocki et al., 2012).
Pes planus
MedGen UID:
42034
Concept ID:
C0016202
Anatomical Abnormality
A foot where the longitudinal arch of the foot is in contact with the ground or floor when the individual is standing; or, in a patient lying supine, a foot where the arch is in contact with the surface of a flat board pressed against the sole of the foot by the examiner with a pressure similar to that expected from weight bearing; or, the height of the arch is reduced.
Cubitus valgus
MedGen UID:
490152
Concept ID:
C0158465
Acquired Abnormality
Abnormal positioning in which the elbows are turned out.
Knee dislocation
MedGen UID:
102364
Concept ID:
C0159970
Injury or Poisoning
Slippage of the FEMUR off the TIBIA.
Brachydactyly
MedGen UID:
67454
Concept ID:
C0221357
Congenital Abnormality
Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.
Dislocated radial head
MedGen UID:
488814
Concept ID:
C0265563
Congenital Abnormality
A dislocation of the head of the radius from its socket in the elbow joint.
Genu recurvatum
MedGen UID:
107486
Concept ID:
C0546964
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormally increased extension of the knee joint, so that the knee can bend backwards.
Genu valgum
MedGen UID:
154364
Concept ID:
C0576093
Anatomical Abnormality
The legs angle inward, such that the knees are close together and the ankles far apart.
Short phalanx of finger
MedGen UID:
163753
Concept ID:
C0877165
Finding
Short (hypoplastic) phalanx of finger, affecting one or more phalanges.
Multiple carpal ossification centers
MedGen UID:
320638
Concept ID:
C1835573
Finding
A delay in the process of formation and maturation of the epiphysis of one or more long bones.
Tibial bowing
MedGen UID:
332360
Concept ID:
C1837081
Finding
A bending or abnormal curvature of the tibia.
Short metacarpal
MedGen UID:
323064
Concept ID:
C1837084
Anatomical Abnormality
Diminished length of one or more metacarpal bones in relation to the others of the same hand or to the contralateral metacarpal.
Short distal phalanx of finger
MedGen UID:
326590
Concept ID:
C1839829
Finding
Short distance from the end of the finger to the most distal interphalangeal crease or the distal interphalangeal joint flexion point. That is, hypoplasia of one or more of the distal phalanx of finger.
Hypoplasia of the ulna
MedGen UID:
395934
Concept ID:
C1860614
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the ulna.
Bilateral single transverse palmar creases
MedGen UID:
354661
Concept ID:
C1862095
Finding
The distal and proximal transverse palmar creases are merged into a single transverse palmar crease on both hands.
Ulnar bowing
MedGen UID:
356099
Concept ID:
C1865847
Finding
Bending of the diaphysis (shaft) of the ulna.
Rhizomelia
MedGen UID:
357122
Concept ID:
C1866730
Congenital Abnormality
Disproportionate shortening of the proximal segment of limbs (i.e. the femur and humerus).
Deviation of the 5th finger
MedGen UID:
867157
Concept ID:
C4021515
Finding
Displacement of the 5th finger from its normal position.
Fixed elbow flexion
MedGen UID:
870595
Concept ID:
C4025044
Finding
Aortic regurgitation
MedGen UID:
8153
Concept ID:
C0003504
Disease or Syndrome
An insufficiency of the aortic valve, leading to regurgitation (backward flow) of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
Aortic valve stenosis
MedGen UID:
1621
Concept ID:
C0003507
Pathologic Function
The presence of a stenosis (narrowing) of the aortic valve.
Ventricular septal defect
MedGen UID:
42366
Concept ID:
C0018818
Congenital Abnormality
A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum.
Mitral regurgitation
MedGen UID:
7670
Concept ID:
C0026266
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of the mitral valve characterized by insufficiency or incompetence of the mitral valve resulting in retrograde leaking of blood through the mitral valve upon ventricular contraction.
Mitral stenosis
MedGen UID:
44466
Concept ID:
C0026269
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal narrowing of the orifice of the mitral valve.
Tricuspid regurgitation
MedGen UID:
11911
Concept ID:
C0040961
Disease or Syndrome
Failure of the tricuspid valve to close sufficiently upon contraction of the right ventricle, causing blood to regurgitate (flow backward) into the right atrium.
Tricuspid stenosis
MedGen UID:
21678
Concept ID:
C0040963
Disease or Syndrome
A narrowing of the orifice of the tricuspid valve of the heart.
Ventricular hypertrophy
MedGen UID:
87400
Concept ID:
C0340279
Disease or Syndrome
Enlargement of the cardiac ventricular muscle tissue with increase in the width of the wall of the ventricle and loss of elasticity. Ventricular hypertrophy is clinically differentiated into left and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Pulmonic stenosis
MedGen UID:
408291
Concept ID:
C1956257
Disease or Syndrome
A narrowing of the right ventricular outflow tract that can occur at the pulmonary valve (valvular stenosis), below the pulmonary valve (infundibular stenosis), or above the pulmonary valve (supravalvar stenosis).
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
MedGen UID:
425404
Concept ID:
C2973725
Disease or Syndrome
Pulmonary hypertension is defined mean pulmonary artery pressure of 25mmHg or more and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 15mmHg or less when measured by right heart catheterisation at rest and in a supine position.
Short stature
MedGen UID:
87607
Concept ID:
C0349588
Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Microtia
MedGen UID:
57535
Concept ID:
C0152423
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the external ear.
Hearing impairment
MedGen UID:
235586
Concept ID:
C1384666
Disease or Syndrome
A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.
Waddling gait
MedGen UID:
66667
Concept ID:
C0231712
Finding
Weakness of the hip girdle and upper thigh muscles, for instance in myopathies, leads to an instability of the pelvis on standing and walking. If the muscles extending the hip joint are affected, the posture in that joint becomes flexed and lumbar lordosis increases. The patients usually have difficulties standing up from a sitting position. Due to weakness in the gluteus medius muscle, the hip on the side of the swinging leg drops with each step (referred to as Trendelenburg sign). The gait appears waddling. The patients frequently attempt to counteract the dropping of the hip on the swinging side by bending the trunk towards the side which is in the stance phase (in the German language literature this is referred to as Duchenne sign). Similar gait patterns can be caused by orthopedic conditions when the origin and the insertion site of the gluteus medius muscle are closer to each other than normal, for instance due to a posttraumatic elevation of the trochanter or pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck.
Delayed gross motor development
MedGen UID:
332508
Concept ID:
C1837658
Finding
A type of motor delay characterized by a delay in acquiring the ability to control the large muscles of the body for walking, running, sitting, and crawling.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Joint dislocation
MedGen UID:
41614
Concept ID:
C0012691
Injury or Poisoning
Displacement or malalignment of joints.
Arthropathy
MedGen UID:
7190
Concept ID:
C0022408
Disease or Syndrome
Any disorder of the joints.
Kyphosis
MedGen UID:
44042
Concept ID:
C0022821
Anatomical Abnormality
Exaggerated anterior convexity of the thoracic vertebral column.
Scoliosis
MedGen UID:
11348
Concept ID:
C0036439
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Shoulder dislocation
MedGen UID:
48655
Concept ID:
C0037005
Injury or Poisoning
A displacement or misalignment of the humerus with respect to the other bones of the should joint. Note that a subluxation is a partial dislocation.
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia
MedGen UID:
20916
Concept ID:
C0038015
Finding
A disorder of bone growth affecting the vertebrae and the ends of the long bones (epiphyses).
Intervertebral space narrowing
MedGen UID:
78101
Concept ID:
C0263870
Finding
Decreased height of the intervertebral disk.
Barrel-shaped chest
MedGen UID:
120497
Concept ID:
C0264172
Finding
A rounded, bulging chest that resembles the shape of a barrel. That is, there is an increased anteroposterior diameter and usually some degree of kyphosis.
Flexion contracture
MedGen UID:
83069
Concept ID:
C0333068
Anatomical Abnormality
A flexion contracture is a bent (flexed) joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. It is thus a chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement of joints.
Camptodactyly of finger
MedGen UID:
98041
Concept ID:
C0409348
Finding
The distal interphalangeal joint and/or the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers cannot be extended to 180 degrees by either active or passive extension.
Delayed skeletal maturation
MedGen UID:
108148
Concept ID:
C0541764
Finding
A decreased rate of skeletal maturation. Delayed skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body.
Kyphoscoliosis
MedGen UID:
154361
Concept ID:
C0575158
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal (lateral) and sagittal (back-to-front) plane.
Lumbar hyperlordosis
MedGen UID:
263149
Concept ID:
C1184923
Finding
An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.
Narrow vertebral interpedicular distance
MedGen UID:
318662
Concept ID:
C1832598
Finding
A reduction of the distance between vertebral pedicles, which are the two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the vertebral body, at the junction of its posterior and lateral surfaces.
Generalized bone demineralization
MedGen UID:
371539
Concept ID:
C1833326
Finding
A generalized decrease in bone mineral density.
Shield chest
MedGen UID:
322348
Concept ID:
C1834124
Finding
A broad chest.
Coronal cleft vertebrae
MedGen UID:
320483
Concept ID:
C1834954
Finding
Frontal schisis (cleft or cleavage) of vertebral bodies.
Short femoral neck
MedGen UID:
373033
Concept ID:
C1836184
Finding
An abnormally short femoral neck (which is the process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft).
Decreased hip abduction
MedGen UID:
332244
Concept ID:
C1836589
Finding
Reduced ability to move the femur outward to the side.
Hypoplasia of the capital femoral epiphysis
MedGen UID:
374176
Concept ID:
C1839254
Finding
Underdevelopment of the proximal epiphysis of the femur.
Irregular vertebral endplates
MedGen UID:
331233
Concept ID:
C1842153
Finding
An irregular surface of the vertebral end plates, which are normally relatively smooth.
Small epiphyses
MedGen UID:
339612
Concept ID:
C1846803
Finding
Reduction in the size or volume of epiphyses.
Flattened epiphysis
MedGen UID:
387844
Concept ID:
C1857527
Finding
Abnormal flatness (decreased height) of epiphyses.
Elbow dislocation
MedGen UID:
404765
Concept ID:
C2720437
Injury or Poisoning
Dislocation of the distal humerus out of the elbow joint, where the radius, ulna, and humerus meet.
Limited hip extension
MedGen UID:
766282
Concept ID:
C3553368
Finding
Limitation of the extension of the hip, i.e., decreased ability to straighten the hip joint and thereby increase the angle between torso and thigh; moving the thigh or top of the pelvis backward.
Diminished sulfotransferase activity in cultured fibroblasts
MedGen UID:
1054243
Concept ID:
CN378322
Finding
Rate of proteoglycan sulfation (sulfotransferase activity) is below the lower limit of normal in cultured fibroblasts.
Delayed eruption of teeth
MedGen UID:
68678
Concept ID:
C0239174
Finding
Delayed tooth eruption, which can be defined as tooth eruption more than 2 SD beyond the mean eruption age.
Microdontia
MedGen UID:
66008
Concept ID:
C0240340
Congenital Abnormality
Decreased size of the teeth, which can be defined as a mesiodistal tooth diameter (width) more than 2 SD below mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased maximum width of tooth.
High palate
MedGen UID:
66814
Concept ID:
C0240635
Congenital Abnormality
Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective).
Short neck
MedGen UID:
99267
Concept ID:
C0521525
Finding
Diminished length of the neck.
Sparse eyebrow
MedGen UID:
371332
Concept ID:
C1832446
Finding
Decreased density/number of eyebrow hairs.
Widely spaced teeth
MedGen UID:
337093
Concept ID:
C1844813
Finding
Increased spaces (diastemata) between most of the teeth in the same dental arch.
Broad forehead
MedGen UID:
338610
Concept ID:
C1849089
Finding
Width of the forehead or distance between the frontotemporales is more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or apparently increased distance between the two sides of the forehead.
Long philtrum
MedGen UID:
351278
Concept ID:
C1865014
Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Highly arched eyebrow
MedGen UID:
358357
Concept ID:
C1868571
Finding
Increased height of the central portion of the eyebrow, forming a crescent, semicircular, or inverted U shape.
Breech presentation
MedGen UID:
654
Concept ID:
C0006157
Pathologic Function
A position of the fetus at delivery in which the fetus enters the birth canal with the buttocks or feet first.
Wide intermamillary distance
MedGen UID:
473489
Concept ID:
C1827524
Finding
A larger than usual distance between the left and right nipple.
Hypertelorism
MedGen UID:
9373
Concept ID:
C0020534
Finding
Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSpondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with congenital joint dislocations

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Liang H, Qi W, Jin C, Pang Q, Cui L, Jiang Y, Wang O, Li M, Xing X, Liu W, Xia W
Endocrine 2023 Jun;80(3):658-668. Epub 2023 Feb 2 doi: 10.1007/s12020-023-03303-z. PMID: 36729370

Clinical prediction guides

Liang H, Qi W, Jin C, Pang Q, Cui L, Jiang Y, Wang O, Li M, Xing X, Liu W, Xia W
Endocrine 2023 Jun;80(3):658-668. Epub 2023 Feb 2 doi: 10.1007/s12020-023-03303-z. PMID: 36729370
Nizon M, Huber C, De Leonardis F, Merrina R, Forlino A, Fradin M, Tuysuz B, Abu-Libdeh BY, Alanay Y, Albrecht B, Al-Gazali L, Basaran SY, Clayton-Smith J, Désir J, Gill H, Greally MT, Koparir E, van Maarle MC, MacKay S, Mortier G, Morton J, Sillence D, Vilain C, Young I, Zerres K, Le Merrer M, Munnich A, Le Goff C, Rossi A, Cormier-Daire V
Hum Mutat 2012 Aug;33(8):1261-6. Epub 2012 May 22 doi: 10.1002/humu.22104. PMID: 22539336Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Liang H, Qi W, Jin C, Pang Q, Cui L, Jiang Y, Wang O, Li M, Xing X, Liu W, Xia W
Endocrine 2023 Jun;80(3):658-668. Epub 2023 Feb 2 doi: 10.1007/s12020-023-03303-z. PMID: 36729370