Table 15Outcomes at 9 Months by Study Arm

OutcomeHealth coached arm, mean (SD) [N] or % [No.] [N]Usual care arm, mean (SD) [N] or % [No.] [N]Difference (coached − usual care)Adjusteda difference95% CI for adjusted differenceP value
Primary (specific aim 1)
 SF-CRQ total scorea4.58 (1.25) [75]4.43 (1.28) [83]0.150.14−0.15 to 0.43.35
 SF-CRQ dyspnea subscale scorea4.98 (1.39) [75]4.78 (1.49) [83]0.200.26−0.13 to 0.65.20
Secondary (specific aims 2-4)
 COPD exacerbations/y1.17 (1.87) [100]1.44 (2.16) [92]−0.27−0.21−0.49 to 0.07.13
 Exercise capacity, meters326 (68.3) [37]311 (73.8) [42]15.008.53−8.18 to 25.28.32
 Self-efficacy for managing COPD score6.84 (2.01) [73]6.50 (2.00) [83]0.340.30−0.23 to 0.83.27
Others prespecified
 Quality of care (PACIC score)3.91 (0.95) [72]3.44 (1.17) [72]0.470.380.07-0.68.02
  COPD symptoms (CAT score)19.1 (8.80) [74]20.2 (9.25) [83]−1.10−0.83−2.78 to 1.12.40
  Lung function (FEV1 % predicted).55 (0.20) [55].594 (0.209) [54]−0.040.00−0.03 to 0.03.98
  Currently smoking39.2% (29) [74]42.0% (34) [81]−2.8%−11.5%−33.3 to 10.2.30
  Bed days due to COPD in past 4 weeks2.15 (5.76) [74]3.64 (8.81) [83]−1.49−0.73−2.07 to 0.62.29
  Adequate inhaler techniqueb38.6% (27) [70]11.7% (9) [77]26.9%39.7%19.6-59.8<.001
 Knowledge (% correct answer)
  Okay if short of breath exercising73.0% (54) [74]68.3% (56) [82]4.7%7.8%−9.5 to 25.2.38
  Beneficial to stop smoking90.5% (67) [74]89.0% (73) [82]1.5%2.0%−9.4 to 13.4.73
  Being on oxygen for a long period okay68.9% (51) [74]63.4% (52) [82]5.5%3.4%−14.0 to 20.8.70
  Smoking does not help breathing97.3% (72) [74]97.6% (80) [82]−0.3%−0.1%−5.5 to 5.3.97
 Utilization rate/person/yc
  Outpatient visits7.51 (5.64) [100]6.83 (4.73) [92]0.680.48−0.32 to 1.28.52
  COPD-related ED visits0.80 (1.63) [100]0.89 (1.99) [92]−0.09−0.05−0.32 to 0.22.78
  ED visits not for COPD0.98 (1.89) [100]0.83 (2.33) [92]0.15−0.08−0.56 to 0.40.80
  COPD-related hospitalizations0.27 (0.77) [100]0.52 (1.25) [92]−0.25−0.13−0.32 to 0.06.35
  Hospitalizations not for COPD0.16 (0.58) [100]0.21 (0.81) [92]−0.05−0.08−0.20 to 0.04.37
Post hoc
 Concordance with GOLD guidelines91.9% (91) [99]79.1% (72) [91]12.8%14.6%3.3-25.9.01
 Depressive symptoms (PHQ >15)5.6% (4) [72]19.5% (16) [82]−13.9%−18.9%−33.1 to −4.8.01

Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ED, emergency department; FEV1, forced expiratory volume at 1 second; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; PACIC, PACIC, Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire; SF-CRQ, Short-form Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire.

a A higher score indicates better quality of life

b For participations with a prescription inhaler

c Over 9 months following enrollment

From: Does Working with a Health Coach Help Patients with COPD Improve Their Quality of Life and Breathe Easier?

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Does Working with a Health Coach Help Patients with COPD Improve Their Quality of Life and Breathe Easier? [Internet]
Thom DH, Su G, Hessler D, et al.
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