| Study | Design of Study | Type of Study | Number of Centers | Care Setting | Country Conducted in | Funded by | Type(s) Core Biopsy | Core Biopsy Results Confirmed by | Number of Lesions Enrolled | Followup | % Attrition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jackman et al. 2009485 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | Biopsys Medical, Inc. and Ethicon Endo-Surgery | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G and 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 1,280 | 2 years | 10.6% |
| Peters et al. 2008486 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 4 | General hospital | Netherlands | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 948 | 2 years | 5% |
| Schueller et al. 2008487 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Austria | Authors stated no financial relationship to disclose | Ultrasound guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 1438 | 2 years | 5.7% |
| Sim and Kei 2008488 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Singapore | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient folowup | 105 | 2 years | 12.4% |
| Tonegutti and Girardi 2008489 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Italy | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 268 | 2 years | 0% |
| Youk et al. 200824 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | South Korea | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 4,359 | 2 years | 44% |
| Ciatto et al. 2007490 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | Dedicated breast cancer center | Italy | Funded in part by a National Helath and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) grant | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 4,035 | 1 year | 26% |
| de Lucena et al. 2007491 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Brazil | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 150 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Uematsu et al. 2007492 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General cancer center | Japan | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 100 | Mean: 26 months Range: 5 to 44 months | 0% |
| Vag et al. 2007493 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Germany | NR | US guidance vacuum-assisted 10G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 70 | 2 years | 0% |
| Chapellier et al. 2006494 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General cancer center | France | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 318 | Range: 4 to 16 months | 0% |
| Cipolla et al. 2006495 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Italy | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 426 | 1 year | 0% |
| Dhillon et al. 2006496 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | UK | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 150 | Median: 48 months | 0% |
| Bolivar et al. 2005497 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Spain | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 214 | 2 years | 5% |
| Crystal et al. 2005498 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Israel | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 715 | Median: 39 months Range: 27 to 60 months | 0% |
| Dillon et al. 2005499 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Ireland | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 2,427 | Median: 24 months Range: 3 to 67 months | 19% |
| Koskela et al. 2005500 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Finland | Kuopio University Hospital (the center it was conducted in) | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 213 | Mean: 24 months Range: 6 to 39 months | 4% |
| Sauer et al. 2005501 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Germany | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 962 | Mean: 22.2 months Median: 21 months Range : 8 to 36 months | 13% |
| Weber et al. 2005502 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Switzerland | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 225 | Median: 2.1 years Range: 0.5 to 4.4 years | 15% |
| Wu et al. 2005503 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Taiwan | NR | US guidance vacuum-assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 113 | 1 year | 0% |
| Alonso-Bartolome et al. 2004504 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 2 | General hospital | Spain | NR | US guidance vacuum-assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 102 | 6 to 12 months | 0% |
| Delle and Terinde 2004505 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Germany | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 169 | 2 years | 0% |
| Fajardo et al. 2004506 | Some patients were randomized to stereotactic or US guidance but data were reported as if the study was a single-group cohort study | Prospective | 22 | Academic and community practice clinical sites | USA | National Cancer Institute | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 2,403 | 2 years | 30% |
| Kettritz et al. 2004507 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 5 | General hospital | Germany | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 2,893 | Mean: 25 months Range: 6 to 67 months | 22% |
| Lomoschitz et al. 2004508 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Austria | One author partially supported by both Ethicon Edonsurgery and Biopsys Medical | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 100 | 2 years | 0% |
| Abdsaleh et al. 2003509 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Sweden | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 180 | 1 year | 21% |
| Ambrogetti et al. 2003510 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | France | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 364 | Mean: 15.8 months Range: 6 to 36 months | 35% |
| Fishman et al. 2003511 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 73 | Mammographic and US followup Median: 21 months Range: 4 to 30 months | 33% |
| Han et al. 2003512 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Korea | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 271 | At least 6 months | 27% |
| Kirshenbaum et al. 2003513 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 506 | Mean: 2.1 years Range: 3 months to 5 years | 23% |
| March et al. 2003514 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 2 | Dedicated breast cancer center | USA | RSNA Seed Grant and the Rays of Hope charitable fund | US guidance vacuum-assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 34 | 6 months | 9% |
| Pfleiderer et al. 2003515 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Germany | NR | MRI guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 14 | 2 years | 0% |
| Philpotts et al. 2003516 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 281 | Mean: 19 months Range: 3 to 53 months for 14G Mean: 13 months Range: 1 to 24 for 11G | 24% |
| Wong and Hisham 2003517 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Malaysia | NR | Freehand automated gun 14 or 16G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 150 | Range: 6 to 13 months | 0% |
| Apesteguia et al. 2002518 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Spain | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 132 | 1 year | 0% |
| Georgian-Smith et al. 2002519 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 4 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 185 | Range: 6 to 12 months | 21% |
| Jackman and Lamm 2002520 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | Funded in part by Biopsys Medical | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 31 | At least 6 months | 0% |
| Johnson et al. 2002521 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | Fashion Footwear of NY | US guidance vacuum-assisted 11 or 8G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 101 | Mean: 9.5 months | 24% |
| Liberman et al. 2002522 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General cancer center | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 800 | At least 1 year | 29% |
| Meloni et al. 2002523 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Italy | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 129 | Mean: 18.7 months Range: 14 to 26 months | 0% |
| Morris et al. 2002524 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | Dedicated breast cancer center | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 21 | Median: 46 months Range: 40–54 months | 10% |
| Pfarl et al. 2002525 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Austria | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 332 | Immediate surgery | 4% |
| Verkooijen et al. COBRA 2002526 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 5 | General hospital | Netherlands | Dutch National Health Insurance Fund Council | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 984 | Immediate surgery | 11% |
| Becker et al. 2001527 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Canada | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 232 | Range: 6 to 12 months | 27% |
| Brenner et al. 2001528 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 7 | Cancer centers and hospitals | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 1,003 | Mean: 19.3 months Range: 0 to 36 months | 1% |
| Cangiarella et al. 2001529 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 160 | Mean: 20.5 months Range: 6 to 35 months | 38% |
| Dahlstrom and Jain 2001530 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Australia | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 301 | Range: 2.4 to 7.5 years | 0% |
| Lai et al. 2001531 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Canada | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 673 | Mean: 6.7 months Range: 6 to 24 months | 29% |
| Levin et al. 2001532 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Canada | Physician’s Services Incorporated Foundation | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 70 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Margolin et al. 2001533 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 1,333 | Mean: 14 months Range: 6 to 24 months; missing data were collected from SEER database; at the time of accession of SEER data followup ranged from 15 to 75 months | 3% |
| Perez-Fuentes et al. 2001534 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | Dedicated breast cancer center | Venezuela | NR | US guidance vacuum-assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 88 | Median: 11.1 months Range: 4 to 24 months | 33% |
| Smith et al. 2001535 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 500 | Mean: 22 months Median: 14 months Range: 12 to 60 months | 21% |
| White et al. 2001536 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 1,042 | Median: 29 months, minimum of one year | 29% |
| Wunderbaldinger et al. 2001537 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Austria | author supported by Erwin Schroedinger Auslandsstipenium of the Austrian Science Fund | US guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 45 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Yeow et al. 2001538 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | China | NR | US guidance automated gun 14 or 16G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 98 | Mean: 4 years Range: 3 to 5 years | 0% |
| Beck et al. 2000539 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Germany | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 594 | 1 year | 0% |
| Kirwan et al. 2000540 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | UK | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 72 | Immediate surgery | 13% |
| Latosinsky et al. 2000541 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NIH grant | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 692 | Median: 17.2 months Range: 2.8 to 43 months | 42% |
| Liberman et al. 2000542 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General cancer center | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 155 | Median: 53 months Range: 24 to 69 months | 32% |
| Makoske et al. 2000543 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 817 | Mean: 1.7 years | 30% |
| Ward et al. 2000544 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Canada | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 121 | Mean: 16 months Range: 4 to 36 months | 7% |
| Welle et al. 2000545 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 3 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 225 | Range: 6 to 24 months | 20% |
| Helbich et al. 1999546 | Randomized controlled trial | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Austria | Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Radiologic Tumor Research; one author was supported by a grant from the Max Kade Foundation | Multiple methods | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 44 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Jackman et al. 1999547 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 483 | Median: 55 months | 1% |
| Meyer et al. 1999548 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 1,836 | At least 1 year | 25% |
| Puglisi et al. 1999549 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Italy | NR | Perforated compression grid automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 106 | At least 6 months | 1% |
| Soo et al. 1999550 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 116 | Mean: 16 months Range: 5 to 31 months | 19% |
| Caruso et al. 1998551 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Italy | NR | Multiple methods | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 92 | Immediate surgery | 13% |
| Doyle et al. 1998552 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | Dedicated breast cancer center | New Zealand | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 151 | Range: 6 to 36 months | 11% |
| Fuhrman et al. 1998553 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 1,440 | At least 6 months | 18% |
| Heywang- Kobrunner et al. 1998554 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Germany | NR | Stereotactic guidance vacuum- assisted 11 or 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 261 | 6 months | 31% |
| Ioffe et al. 1998555 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 224 | Range: 6 to 12 months | 14% |
| Liberman et al. 1998556 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General cancer center | USA | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 151 | Median: 20 months Range: 6 to 48 months | 23% |
| Schulz-Wendtland et al. 1998557 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | Germany | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 307 | 2 years | 0% |
| Vega-Bolivar et al. 1998558 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | Spain | NR | Stereotactic guidance Surecut 15G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 182 | Mean: 27 months Range: 6 to 47 months | 6% |
| Whitman et al. 1998559 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 2 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 16G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 12 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Zannis and Alia No 1998560 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Retrospective | 1 | Ambulatory surgical center | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 424 | At least 6 months | 31% |
| Bauer et al. 1997561 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | NR | NR | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 799 | Mean: 9 months | 0% |
| Britton et al. 1997562 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | UK | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 202 | Mean: 20.1 months Range: 5.3 to 30.8 months | 2% |
| Helbich et al. 1997563 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Austria | NR | Multiple methods | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 210 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Khattar et al. 1997564 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | Denmark | NR | US guidance automated gun | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 106 | Immediate surgery | 43% |
| Liberman et al. 1997565 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General cancer center | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 442 | Median: 18 months Range: 6 to 46 months | 34% |
| Pitre et al. 1997566 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 128 | 1 year | 8% |
| Stolier et al. 1997567 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 244 | Mean: 12.8 months Range: 6 to 39 months | NR |
| Sutton, et al. 1997568 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | Screening clinic | Australia | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 206 | 1 year | 32% |
| Walker et al. 1997569 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | UK | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 200 | Range: 6 to 36 months | 10% |
| Frazee et al. 1996570 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 103 | At least 6 months | 0% |
| Fuhrman et al. 1996571 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 451 | 1 year | 22% |
| Head and Haynes 1996572 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | Dedicated breast cancer center | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 18G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 115 | 2 years | 8% |
| Mainiero et al. 1996573 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 138 | At least 6 months | 14% |
| Meyer et al. 1996574 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 388 | 1 year | 30% |
| Nguyen et al. 1996575 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | American Cancer Society, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the Stein- Oppenheim Foundation | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 431 | At least 6 months | 10% |
| Pettine et al. 1996576 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 25 | 6 month repeat mammography for benign | 0% |
| Rosenblatt et al. 1996577 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Retrospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 25 | 1 year | 16% |
| Scopa et al. 1996578 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | NR | 1 | General hospital | Greece | NR | Freehand TruCut | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 120 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Cross et al. 1995579 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | Dedicated breast cancer center | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 250 | 1 year | 12% |
| Doyle et al. 1995580 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Prospective | 1 | General Hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 150 | Range: 6 to 24 months | 3% |
| Hamed et al. 1995581 | Randomized controlled trial | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | UK | NR | Freehand Biopty-cut | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 122 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Burbank et al. 1994582 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 105 | At least 6 months | 0% |
| Gisvold et al. 1994583 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 160 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Parker et al. 1994584 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Retrospective | 20 | Various hospitals, breast care centers, clinics | USA | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 6,152 | At least 6 months | 39% |
| Smyth and Cederbom 1994585 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 58 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Elvecrog et al. 1993586 | Non-randomized multiple groups study | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun 14G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 100 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Parker et al. 1993587 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | Specialized imaging center | USA | NR | US guidance automated gun 14G | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 181 | Range: 12 to 36 months | 0% |
| McMahon et al. 1992588 | Randomized controlled trial | Prospective | 1 | General hospital | UK | NR | Multiple methods | Combination of surgery and patient followup | 151 | Median: 11 months Range: 1 to 24 months | 0% |
| Barreto et al. 1991589 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | UK | NR | Freehand automated gun 18G | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 107 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Cusick et al. 1990590 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Freehand | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 96 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
| Parker et al. 1990591 | Single group (cohort or case series study) | NR | 1 | General hospital | USA | NR | Stereotactic guidance automated gun | Open surgery or surgical biopsy only | 103 | Immediate surgery | 0% |
From: Appendix E, Evidence Tables
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