Table F.1, Risk of bias for randomized controlled trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias tool) - Anxiety in Children

Table F.1Risk of bias for randomized controlled trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias tool)²⁰⁷

Author, Year	Random Sequence Generation	Allocation Concealment	Blinding of Participants and Personnel	Blinding of Outcome Assessment	Incomplete Outcome Data	Selective Reporting	Overall Risk of Bias
Abbasi, 2016 ²⁷	Low	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Unclear	High
Abikoff, 2005 ¹	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	Unclear	Unclear
Adler Nevo, 2014²⁸	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear	Moderate
Afshari, 2014 ²⁹	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Alfano, 2007 ²	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Unclear
Amoros-Boix, 2011¹⁶¹	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Arendt, 2015 ³⁰	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Azadeh, 2015¹⁴⁴	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	High	High
Baer, 2005 ³¹	Low	High	High	High	Low	Low	High
Barrett, 1996 ³²	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Barrett, 1998 ³³	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Beidel, 2000 ⁹²	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
Beidel, 2007 ³	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Bernstein, 2000 ¹¹⁸	High	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Low	High
Birmaher, 2003 ⁵	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	Unclear	Unclear
Black, 1994 ⁴	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Bodden, 2008 ^{162, 163}	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Britton, 2013 ¹⁴⁰	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	High	Low	High
Cartwright-Hatton, 2011 ¹²²	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Unclear	High
Chalfant, 2007 ³⁴	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Chavira, 2014 ¹⁵⁶	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Chiu, 2013 ³⁵	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Cobham, 1998 ¹⁶⁵	Unclear	High	High	High	Unclear	Low	High
Cobham, 2012 ³⁶	Low	Unclear	High	Unclear	Low	Low	High
Cornwall, 1996 ¹⁴⁶	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Unclear	High
Creswell, 2015¹⁶⁶	Low	Low	High	High	High	Low	High
da Costa, 2013⁶	Low	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Low	High	Unclear
De Groot, 2007¹⁶⁷	Low	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Dewis, 2001³⁷	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Donovan, 2014¹²⁹	Low	High	High	High	Low	Low	High
Donovan, 2015³⁸	High	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Ebrahiminejad, 2016¹⁴³	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Unclear	High
Eldar, 2012¹³⁸	Low	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Elkins, 2016¹⁴⁷	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
Esbjorn, 2014¹⁶⁸	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Low	High
Flannery-Schroeder, 2000^{39, 40}	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Fujii, 2013⁹³	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear
Gallagher, 2004⁴¹	Low	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Low	High
Gallo, 2012⁴²	Low	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Low	High
Garcia-Lopez, 2014¹⁶⁹	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Geller, 2007⁷	Low	Low	Low	Low	High	Unclear	Unclear
Gil-Bernal, 2009⁴³	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Ginsburg, 2002⁹⁴	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
Ginsburg, 2012⁹⁵	Low	High	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Gittelman-Klein, 1973⁸	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Low	Unclear
Goldbeck, 2012¹⁴⁸	High	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Gottken, 2014¹⁴⁵	High	High	High	High	High	Low	High
Graae, 1994⁹	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Low	Unclear
Halldorsdottir, 2016⁹⁶	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Hancock, 2016 ⁴⁴	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Hayward, 2000⁴⁵	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Herbert, 2009⁹⁷	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Hiller, 2016¹²⁸	Low	Unclear	Low	High	High	Low	High
Hirshfeld-Becker, 2010⁴⁷	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	High	High
Holmes, 2014⁴⁶	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Hudson, 2009⁹⁸	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Hudson, 2014¹⁷⁰	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Unclear
Infantino, 2016¹³⁰	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Ingul, 2014⁹⁹	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear
Joormann, 2002¹⁴⁹	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Karbasi, 2010¹⁵⁷	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Kendall, 1995⁴⁸	Low	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Low	High
Kendall, 1997 ⁴⁹	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Kendall, 2008^{100, 101}	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Khanna, 2010¹⁰²	Low	High	High	High	Low	Low	High
Klein, 1992¹²⁰	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Unclear
Klein, 2015¹⁵⁰	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
Last, 1998¹⁰³	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Lee, 2016¹⁵¹	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Leong,2009¹⁵⁸	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Leutgeb, 2011⁵⁰	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Liber, 2008^{172, 173}	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Lyneham, 2006¹³¹	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Manassis, 2002¹⁷⁴	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
March, 2007¹⁰	Low	Low	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
March, 2009¹³²	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Masia-Warner, 2005⁵¹	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Masia-Warner, 2007 ¹⁰⁴	Low	Unclear	High	Low	High	Low	High
McConachie, 2014⁵²	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	Low	High
McNally Keehn, 2013⁵³	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Melfsen, 2011⁵⁴	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Melvin, 2016¹²¹	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Unclear	High
Mendez, 2003⁵⁵	Unclear	Unclear	High	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High
Mendlowitz, 1999 ⁵⁶	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Menzies, 1993⁵⁷	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Unclear	High
Miller, 1972^{58, 59}	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Low	High
Monga, 2015¹⁵⁹	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Muris, 1998 ¹⁵³	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
Muris, 2001 ¹⁷⁵	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Unclear
Muris, 2002 ¹⁵⁴	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Muris, 2002 ¹⁰⁵	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Nauta, 2001¹⁷⁶	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	Low	High
Nauta, 2003 ¹⁷⁷	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
O’Brien, 2007¹⁰⁶	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
Obler, 1970⁶⁰	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Olivares, 2014⁶²	High	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High
Olivares-Olivares, 2008¹⁷⁹	Low	Unclear	High	Unclear	Low	Low	High
Olivares-Rodriguez, 2006¹⁷⁸	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Ollendick, 2009⁶³	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Low	High
Ollendick Thomas, 2015¹⁸⁰	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High	Unclear	High
Ortbandt, 2009^{64, 65}	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Ost, 2001⁶⁶	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Unclear	High
Ost, 2015⁶⁷	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Ozyurt, 2015¹²³	Low	Low	High	Low	High	Low	High
Parr, 2009¹⁵⁵	High	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Pergamin-Hight, 2016¹⁴¹	Low	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Low
Pincus, 2010¹⁰⁷	High	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	High
Pine, 2001 ^{11, 12}	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	High	Low	Unclear
Rapee, 2006⁶⁹	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Reaven, 2009⁷⁰	High	High	High	High	Low	Low	High
Reigada, 2015¹⁰⁸	Low	High	High	High	Low	Low	High
Reinblatt, 2009¹³	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Unclear	Unclear
Ritter, 1968⁷¹	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
Rodriguez, 2005⁷³	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Rosa-Alcazar, 2007¹⁰⁹	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Rosa-Alcazar, 2009⁷²	High	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	High
Rosa-Alcazar Ana, 2013¹⁸¹	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear
Rynn, 2001¹⁴	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Low	Unclear
Rynn, 2007¹⁵	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	High	Low	Unclear
Sanchez-Garcia, 2009 ⁷⁴	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
Sánchez-García, 2009 ⁷⁵	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Santacruz, 2006¹²⁴	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Santucci, 2013⁷⁶	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Scharfstein, 2011¹⁶	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Unclear
Schneider, 2011⁷⁷	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Unclear	High
Schneider, 2013¹⁸²	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Shortt, 2001⁷⁸	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	High	Low	Unclear
Silk, 2016 ¹¹¹	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High
Silverman, 1999 ⁷⁹	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	High	Low	Unclear
Silverman, 2009¹⁸⁴	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
Siqueland, 2005¹⁸³	High	High	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	High
Smith, 2014¹²⁵	Low	Unclear	High	Unclear	Low	Low	High
Southam-Gerow, 2010¹¹⁰	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
Spence, 2000⁸⁰	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Spence, 2006⁸¹	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Spence, 2011⁸²	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Spence, 2017¹³³	Low	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Unclear	High
St-Jacques, 2010¹⁸⁵	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear
Storch, 2013¹¹³	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Storch, 2015¹¹²	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Strawn, 2015¹⁷	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	High	Low	Unclear
Suveg, 2009¹¹⁴	Unclear	High	High	High	Unclear	Low	High
Thirlwall, 2013^{126, 127}	Low	Low	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
Tillfors, 2011¹³⁴	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Treadwell, 1996⁸³	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Valles-Arandiga, 2014 ⁸⁴	High	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	High
Van Steensel, 2014¹¹⁵	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Vigerland, 2016^{135, 136}	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Wagner, 2004¹⁸	Low	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Unclear
Walczak, 2016¹⁸⁸	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Unclear	High
Walkup, 2002¹⁹	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Walkup, 2008^20–26	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	Low	Moderate
Warner, 2011⁸⁷	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Warner, 2016¹¹⁶	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Waters, 2009⁸⁶	Low	Unclear	High	High	High	Low	High
Waters, 2013¹⁶⁰	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	High	Low	Unclear
Waters, 2014¹⁴²	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Waters, 2015¹³⁹	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Wergeland, 2014^{88, 89}	Low	Unclear	High	Unclear	Low	Low	High
White, 2013⁹⁰	Low	Unclear	High	Unclear	Unclear	Low	High
Whiteside, 2015¹⁸⁶	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	Unclear
Wood, 2006¹⁸⁷	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Low	High
Wood, 2009 ⁹¹	Low	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Unclear	Unclear
Wuthrich, 2012¹³⁷	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High
Yoosefi Looyeh, 2014¹⁵²	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High

: Low: low risk of bias; Moderate: moderate risk of bias; High: high risk of bias; Unclear: unclear risk of bias

From: Appendix F, Risk of Bias

Anxiety in Children [Internet].

Comparative Effectiveness Reviews, No. 192.

Wang Z, Whiteside S, Sim L, et al.

Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2017 Aug.

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

Table F.1Risk of bias for randomized controlled trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias tool)207

Table F.1Risk of bias for randomized controlled trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias tool)²⁰⁷