| Domains Pertaining to Strength of Evidence | Magnitude of Effect | Strength of Evidence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Studies; Number of Subjects | Risk of Bias; Design | Consistency | Directness | Precision | Summary Effect Size (95% CI) | High, Moderate, Low, Insufficient |
| PTSD Symptom Reduction: CAPS frequency and intensity, reduction from baseline to post-treatment | ||||||
| 3; 232 | Medium; RCT | Consistent | Direct | Imprecise | SMD of individual trials ranged from -0.22 to 0.04 Two of three trials favored treatment (no study p<0.05) | Low for no difference |
| Prevention/reduction of comorbid substance use | ||||||
| 2; 163 | Medium; RCT | Inconsistent | Direct | Imprecise | Mixed findings, p<0.05 for drug use but not alcohol use in 1 of 2 trials | Insufficient |
CAPS = Clinician-Administered Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale; BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; CI = confidence interval; IES = Impact of Events Scale; NA = not applicable; PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; RCT = randomized controlled trial
From: Appendix I, Strength of Evidence
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.