| Domains Pertaining to Strength of Evidence | Magnitude of Effect | Strength of Evidence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Studies; Number of Subjects | Risk of Bias; Design | Consistency | Directness | Precision | Summary Effect Size (95% CI) | High, Moderate, Low, Insufficient |
| PTSD Symptom Reduction: CAPS and all PTSD symptom measures | ||||||
| 13; 885 (all); 8; 689 (CAPS) | Medium; RCTs | Consistent | Direct | Precise | SMD -1.23 (95% CI, -1.50 to -0.97) SMD(CAPS) -1.12 (95% CI, -1.42 to -0.82)) | High |
| Loss of Diagnosis | ||||||
| 6; 409 | Medium; RCTs | Consistent | Direct | Precise | RD 0.56 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.78) | High |
| Prevention/reduction of comorbid depression: BDI | ||||||
| 10; 715 | Medium; RCTs | Consistent | Direct | Precise | SMD -0.76 (95% CI, -0.91 to 0.60) | High |
| Prevention/reduction of comorbid anxiety | ||||||
| 3; 286 | N/A | Consistent | Direct | Imprecise | All favored CBT-exposure, p<0.05 for 2 of 3 | Low |
| Disability/functional impairment | ||||||
| 2; 221a | Medium; RCTs | Inconsistent | Direct | Imprecise | Small trial (N=31) favored CBT-exposure, p<0.05 but other larger trial found no differences, p=ns | Insufficient |
One trial did not provide sample sizes of each group, so this total includes the PE+CR group which was not included in this analysis.
CI = confidence interval; NA = not applicable; RCT = randomized controlled trial
From: Appendix I, Strength of Evidence
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