| Study | Arm (N) | Duration of Treatment (Followup) | Population Trauma Type | Baseline PTSD Severitya | Mean Age (Y) | Percent Female | Percent Non-white | Risk of Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chard et al., 20052 | CPT (36) MA (35) | 17 weeks (3 and 12 months) | Female Childhood sexual abuse | 65.5 to 68.3 | 33 | 100 | 19 | Medium |
| Ehlers et al., 20035 | CT (28) SHB (28) RA (29) | Mean of 9 weeks, 0 to 3 booster sessions (3, 6, and 9 months) | Male and female MVA | PDS (frequency) 30.0 PDS (distress) 30.8 | 39 | 72 | 97 | Medium |
| Ehlers et al., 20058 | CT (14) WL (14) | 4 to 12 weeks plus up to 3 monthly boosters (3 and 6 months) | Male and female Mixed | CAPS (frequency) 31.6 to 42.0 CAPS (intensity) 29.0 to 36.5 | 37 | 54 | 4 | Medium |
| Ehlers et al., 20149 | Intensive CT (30) Standard CT (31) Supportive Therapy (30) WL (30) | 14 weeks (27 weeks, 40 weeks for all but WL) | Chronic PTSD Mixed | 73 | 39 | 59 | 30 | Low |
| Forbes et al., 20124 | CPT (30) TAU (29) | 12 weeks (3 months) | Male and female Military related | 65.8 to 75.5 | 53 | 3 | 0 | Medium |
| Galovski et al., 20126 | Modified CPT (53) Symptom-monitoring delayed treatment (47) | 4–18 sessions for Modified CPT arm; 10 weeks for WL arm (followup data gathered after cross-over not reported). | Physical/sexual assault (as a child or an adult) | 74 to 77 | 40 | 69 | 58 | Medium |
| Marks et al., 1998122 Lovell, et al., 2001123 | PE (23) CR (13) CR+PE (24) Relax (21) | 10 sessionsb (mean of 16 weeks), (1, 3, and 6 months) | Male and female Mixed | NR | 38 | 36 | NR | Medium |
| Maxwell et al., 2016124 | MEST (8) CPT (8) | 6 weeks (post, 3 months) | Male and female Mixed | MPSS-SR 54.13 to 63.50 | NR | 81 | 44 | Medium |
| Monson et al., 20061 | CPT (30) WL (30) | 10 weeks (1 month) | Male and female Combat | 76.7 to 79.1 | 54 | 10 | 4 | Medium |
| Mueser et al., 20087 | CT (54) UC (54) | 12 to 16 sessions (post)b | Male and female Mixed | 74.5 to 76.2 | 44 | 79 | 16 | Medium |
| Resick et al., 20023 Resick, et al., 2003125 Resick, et al., 2012126 | CPT (62) PE (62) MA (47) | 6 weeks (3 and 9 months, 5 to 10 years) | Female Sexual assault | 69.9 to 76.6 | 32 | 100 | 29 | Medium |
| Resick et al., 2015127, 128 | Group CPT-C (56) Group PCT (52) | 6 weeks (2 weeks post-tx, 6 months after start of treatment, 12 months after start of treatment) | Military trauma (although could also have had PTSD attributed to other previous trauma) | PCL-S 58 to 59 | 32 | 7 | 43 | Medium |
| Tarrier et al., 1999129, 130 | IE (35) CT (37) | 16 sessions (112 days) (6 and 12 months) | Male and female Mixed | 71.1 to 77.8 | 39 | 42 | NR | Medium |
| Wells et al., 201419 | MCT (11) PE (11) WL (10) | 8 weekly sessions (post) | Mixed | PDS 33 to 38 | 41 | 38 | NR | Medium |
Data reported are mean CAPS total or range of mean CAPS total scores across groups unless otherwise specified.
Number of treatment sessions is reported when duration of treatment was not specified.
CAPS = Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale; CPT = cognitive processing therapy; CT = cognitive therapy; CR = cognitive restructuring; IE = imaginal exposure; MA = minimal attention (a type of wait-list group); MCT = meta cognitive therapy; MEST = memory specificity training; MPSS-SR = Modified PTSD Symptom Scale-Self-Report; MVA = motor vehicle accident; N = total number randomized/assigned to intervention and control groups; NR = not reported; PCT = present-centered therapy; PDS = Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale; PE = prolonged exposure; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; RA = repeated assessments (a type of wait-list group); SHB = self-help booklet based on principles of CBT; TAU = treatment as usual; UC = usual care; WL = wait-list; y = year.
From: Results
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