| Study | Arm (N) | Duration (Followup) | Population Trauma Type | Baseline PTSD Severitya | Mean Age (Y) | % F | % Non-white | Risk of Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carlson et al., 199846 | Relax (13) EMDR (10) TAU (12) | 6 weeks (3 and 9 months) | Male Vietnam combat veterans | M-PTSD 117.5 to 119.4 | 48.5 | 0 | 45.7 | Medium |
| Foa et al., 199914 Zoellner et al., 1999134 | SIT (26) PE (25) PE+SIT (30) WL (15) | 9 weeks (3, 6, and 9 months) | Female Assault | PSS-I 29.4 to 32.9 | 35 | 100 | 36 | Medium |
| Markowitz et al., 2015132 Markowitz et al., 2016135 | PE (38) IPT (40) Relax (32) | 14 weeks (post) | Chronic PTSD Mixed | 68.9 to 72.1 | 40 | 77 | 35 | Medium |
| Marks et al., 1998122 Lovell, et al., 2001123 | Relax (21) PE (23) CR (13) CR+PE (24) | 10 sessionsb (mean of 16 weeks) (1, 3, and 6 months) | Male and female Mixed | NR | 38 | 36 | NR | Medium |
| Sautter et al., 2015131 | SAT (29) PFE (28) | 12 sessions (post, 12 weeks) | U.S. combat veterans | 83 to 86 | 33 | 2 | 6,334 | Medium |
| Taylor et al., 2003133 | Relax (19) PE (22) EMDR (19) | 8 weeks (1 and 3 months) | Male and female Mixed | NR | 37 | 75 | 23 | Medium |
Data reported are mean CAPS or range of mean CAPS scores across groups unless otherwise specified.
Number of treatment sessions is reported when duration of treatment was not specified.
CPT = cognitive processing therapy; CR = cognitive restructuring; EMDR = eye movement desensitization and reprocessing; F = female; IPT = interpersonal therapy; M-PTSD = Mississippi Scale for Combat-related PTSD; N = total number randomized/assigned to intervention and control groups; NR = not reported; PE = prolonged exposure; PFE = PTSD Family Education; PSS-I = PTSD Symptom Scale—Interview; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; relax = relaxation; SAT=structured approach therapy; SIT = stress inoculation training; TAU = treatment as usual; WL = wait-list; y = year.
From: Results
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