Table 2Characteristics of the Included Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

First Author, Publication Year, Country FundingStudy Designs and Numbers of Primary Studies IncludedPopulation CharacteristicsIntervention and Comparator(s)Clinical Outcomes, Length of Follow-Up

Armoiry et al., 201818

United Kingdom

One of eight authors received funding from a manufacturer

A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the short- and long-term clinical effectiveness of first-generation DMTs in people with CIS

Included: Five RCTs (PReCISe, REFLEX, CHAMPS, Pakdaman, BENEFIT) with short-term results from double-blinded periods and long-term results from open-label extensions; published between 2000 and 2012.a

Excluded: Long-term follow-up studies of immediate versus delayed therapy

Patients with a single clinical event and evidence of clinically silent lesions based on MRI

Mean age (PreCISe, n=481): 31.2±6.9 years

Mean age (REFLEX, n=292): 30.7 years

Mean age (CHAMPS, n=383): 33.0±0.7 years

Mean age (Pakdaman, n=202): 28.0 years

Median age (BENEFIT, n=487): 30 years

OR

Mean age (CHAMPS, Pakdaman, PreCISe, REFLEX, n=1358): 31.1 years

Median age (BENEFIT, n=487): 30 years

% female (PreCISe, n=481): 67%

% female (REFLEX, n=292): 66%

% female (CHAMPS, n=383): 75%

% female (Pakdaman, n=202): 67.8%

% female (BENEFIT, n=487): 70.7%

OR

% female (n=1845): 69%

Exclusion criteria: NR

Intervention:

20 mg SC GA daily (PreCISe, n=243) 44 mcg IFN β-1a SC thrice weekly (REFLEX, n=146)b 30 mcg IFN β-1a IM weekly (CHAMPS, Pakdaman, n=297) 250 mcg IFN β-1b SC every other day (BENEFIT, n=305)

Comparator: Placebo (n=854)

Time to CDMS, discontinuation due to AEs

Follow-up: 2 years (REFLEX, BENEFIT), 3 years (PreCISe, CHAMPS, Pakdaman)

Results of long-term outcomes from the open-label extension periods were not included in this report

AE = adverse events; BENEFIT = Betaferon/Betaseron in Newly Emerging Multiple Sclerosis for Initial Treatment; CDMS = clinically definite multiple sclerosis; CHAMPS = Controlled High Risk Avonex Multiple Sclerosis Prevention Study; CIS = clinically isolated syndrome; DMT = disease-modifying therapy; GA = glatiramer acetate; IFN = interferon; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; NR = not reported; PreCISe = Evaluate Early Glatiramer Acetate Treatment in Delaying Conversion to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis of Subjects Presenting With Clinically Isolated Syndrome; RCT = randomized controlled trial; REFLEX = Rebif flexible dosing in early MS; SC = subcutaneously.

a

Included one group of patients that were included in the RCT19.

b

Based on cross-referencing, a total of 171 patients were enrolled at the start of the study and 146 remained at the 2 year follow-up time point19

From: Glatiramer Acetate and Interferon Beta 1a and 1b for Clinically Isolated Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines

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Glatiramer Acetate and Interferon Beta 1a and 1b for Clinically Isolated Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines [Internet].
Williams D, Butcher R.
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