| Comparison | Outcome | Number of Subjects | Strength of Evidence* | Findings† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ECT vs. ECT + rTMS | Health-related outcomes | 22 | Low | 1 fair trial: There were no differences between groups in improvements in daily functioning. |
| rTMS vs. sham | Health-related outcomes | 60 | Low | 1 fair trail: low rTMS had significantly greater improvement in health status and daily functioning than sham, while this relationship approached statistical significance when comparing high rTMS to sham. |
| VNS vs. sham | Health-related outcomes | 214 | Low | 1 fair trial: VNS and sham groups did not differ significantly in daily functioning. |
| CBT/DBT vs. control | Health-related outcomes | 0 | NA | No eligible studies identified. ‡ |
CBT = cognitive behavioral therapy; DBT = dialectical behavioral therapy; NA = not applicable; rTMS = repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; VNS = vagus nerve stimulation; vs. = versus
Strength of evidence is based on the on guidance provided in the AHRQ Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews; see text.
Good and fair designations relate to quality ratings for each study.
At least one Tier 2 and/or Tier 3 study addressed this comparison.
From: Executive Summary
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