Table 18Summary of results from placebo-controlled trials of gastroprotective agents262–264

TreatmentNumber of Studies
Duration		Prevention of Clinical GI Events*Prevention of Endoscopic Ulcers
GastricDuodenal
Misoprostol8;4–11weeks:
11; ≥ 3 months		OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.98†4–11 weeks: RR 0.17, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.31‡
3 months: RR 0.26; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.39‡		4–11 weeks: RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.31‡
3 months: RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.69‡
Duration NRRR 0.57, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.91§Either: RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.4§Reported in gastric ulcers column
H2 blockersStandard dose: 7; ≥3 months
Double dose: 3; ≥3 months		Not reportedStandard dose: RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.1‡
Double dose: RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.74‡		Standard dose: RR 0.36, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.74‡
Double dose: RR 0.26, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.65‡
Standard dose Duration NRRR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 8.14§Gastric or duodenal ulcer: RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.7§Reported in gastric ulcers column
PPIs4, ≥3 monthsNot reportedRR 0.40, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.51‡RR 0.19, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.37‡
Duration NRRR 0.46, 95% CI 0.07 to 2.9§Gastric or duodenal ulcer: RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.5§Reported in gastric ulcers column

CI = confidence interval; GI = gastrointestinal; NR = not reported; OR = odds ratio; PPI = proton pump inhibitor; RR = relative risk

*

Hemorrhage, hemorrhagic erosions, recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeds, perforation, pyloric obstruction, melena, and death from any of these

†

Silverstein 1995 (MUCOSA trial)290

‡

Rostom 2002264

§

Hooper 2004262

Standard Doses = 150 mg daily, Double Doses = 300 mg daily.

From: Results

Cover of Analgesics for Osteoarthritis
Analgesics for Osteoarthritis: An Update of the 2006 Comparative Effectiveness Review [Internet].
Comparative Effectiveness Reviews, No. 38.
Chou R, McDonagh MS, Nakamoto E, et al.
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